Human Geography final exam

Migration is a A) permanent move to a new location. B) form of contagious diffusion. C) temporary move, but for longer than one day. D) form of expansion diffusion. E) All of these choices are correct.

A) permanent move to a new location.

In contrast to practitioners of agriculture, hunters and gatherers A) travel frequently. B) cultivate plants from a variety of hearths. C) domesticate animals. D) live in large groups. E) live near the center of world settlements.

A) travel frequently.

A global organization created after WWII that provides a forum for the discussion of international problems is called A) sovereignty. B) the World Trade Organization. C) International Tribunal. D) the United Nations. E) the World Court.

D) the United Nations.

The first widespread use of the nation-state concept came in A) Southeast Asia. B) the United States. C) the Roman Empire. D) Mesopotamia. E) Western Europe.

E) Western Europe.

Undernourishment is most severe in A) east Asia. B) Latin America. C) eastern Europe. D) south Asia. E) sub-Saharan Africa.

E) sub-Saharan Africa.

Containerization has reduced the cost of shipping by a) removing labor b) destroying regulations c) improving initial products d) routing goods through canals

a) removing labor

Capital is best described as a) wealth b) animals c) land d) machines

a) wealth

The term ________ defines an urban settlement that has been legally incorporated into an independent, self-governing unit. A) village B) city C) state D) country E) metropolis

b) city

"Megalopolis" is the term used to describe a a) huge metropolitan area such as New York. b) coalescence of several metropolitan areas. c) new city mainly of suburban character, such as Los Angeles. d) city of ancient Greece having many of the characteristics of present-day cities.

b) coalescence of several metropolitan areas.

What generally drives the rate of profit down on a product? a) demand b) competition c) scarcity d) use

b) competition

Which of the following are manifestations of religion in the landscape? a) ideas b) shrines c) converstions d) slogans

b) shrines

Popular culture is a) replacing folk culture b) more widely distributed than folk culture c) all of these are correct d) newer than folk culture

c) all of these are correct

Combining two religions is called a) blending b) impossible c) syncretism d) reconciliation

c) syncretism

The group most likely to experience restrictions on their immigration to the US have been a) English b) European c) Australian d) Asian

d) Asian

The first factories were found in a) Lesotho b) Algeria c) Chile d) Britain

d) Britain

Monuments in the landscape tend to celebrate a) civility b) justice c) shared humanity d) power

d) power

In the United States ethnic festivals a) have completely disappeared b) are largely commercial activities c) celebrate escape from bad places d) reflect an idealized homeland

d) reflect an idealized homeland

UBER drivers are considered part of a) the primary sector b) all of these things c) the secondary sector d) the gig economy

d) the gig economy

In the United States, what 20th century trend is being somewhat reversed in the 21st century concerning Central Business Districts? A) People are returning to live in the CBD. B) Rent is becoming cheaper again in the CBD. C) The CBD is now the focal point for the CBD. D) Business services have returned to the CBD. E) Finance institutions are returning to the CBD.

A) People are returning to live in the CBD.

Farming varies around the world because of ________ across space. A) cultural and environmental factors B) religious and economic factors C) weather and climate D) farmer personal preference and environmental factors

A) cultural and environmental factors

Which of the following regions has the lowest gross national income per capita? A) North America B) Australia C) Africa D) Russia E) South America

C) Africa

The UN's Human Development Index (HDI) takes into account three factors. These are A) absence of corruption, developed infrastructure and national debt as a ratio of GDP. B) a decent standard of living, access to knowledge, and a long and healthy life. C) doctor/patient ratio, infant mortality rates and good governance. D) life expectancy, percentage of population under 15 and the availability of clean drinking water. E) crude birth rates, crude death rates and the percentage of women in the workforce.

B) a decent standard of living, access to knowledge, and a long and healthy life.

Korea is a good example of a(n) A) nation-state. B) ethnicity divided between more than one state. C) sovereign state. D) colony. E) patron-state.

B) ethnicity divided between more than one state.

Farming for the primary purpose of feeding one's family is known as A) family farming. B) subsistence agriculture. C) commercial farming. D) small scale farming. E) targeted agriculture.

B) subsistence agriculture.

The United Nations measures the average income in countries through a complex index called A) annual gross national product at average income. B) gross domestic product. C) annual gross national income per capita at purchasing power parity. D) development index at purchasing power parity. E) gross national income at HDI.

C) annual gross national income per capita at purchasing power parity.

In European cities, much of the housing for low-income minorities and immigrants is in A) single condominiums in the suburbs.. B) high-rise buildings in the inner city. C) high-rise buildings in the suburbs. D) low-rise buildings in the countryside. E) single condominiums in the inner city.

C) high-rise buildings in the suburbs.

Conservation is A) breeding programs to rebuild endangered species. B) maintaining wild environments. C) the sustainable use and management of natural resources. D) invention and diffusion of new agricultural practices. E) maintenance of resources in their present condition.

C) the sustainable use and management of natural resources.

This region has the world's highest percentage of people living in poverty and suffering from poor health and low education levels. A) East Asia B) Latin America C) South Asia D) Sub-Saharan Africa E) Southeast Asia

D) Sub-Saharan Africa

What agriculture hearth did domesticated coffee emerge from? A) Southeast Asia B) East Asia C) Central Asia D) Sub-Saharan Africa E) Latin America

D) Sub-Saharan Africa

To promote the international trade development model, most countries have joined the A) United Nations (UN). B) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD). C) International Monetary Fund (IMF). D) World Trade Organization (WTO). E) Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)

D) World Trade Organization (WTO).

Electric vehicles may still be using fossil fuels A) well into the 21st century. B) because batteries require oil to operate. C) at a greater rate than conventional vehicles. D) if their charge comes from fossil-fueled power plants. E) because they all have a supplemental gas tank.

D) if their charge comes from fossil-fueled power plants.

The concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves is called A) nation-state. B) multinational state. C) ethnocentrism. D) self-determination. E) self-rule.

D) self-determination.

Which of the following has aided 20th century commercial farmers in wealthy countries? A) transportation improvements B) electronics C) scientific advances D) All of these have aided commercial farmers. E) None of these have aided commercial farmers.

D) All of these have aided commercial farmers.

Which of the following is a major difference between CBDs in Europe and those in the U.S.? A) Property values are lowest in CBDs in Europe, a marked difference with the U.S. where property values are highest. B) European CBDs make no attempt to preserve their historic buildings. C) Fewer people live in Europe's CBDs compared to the U.S. D) Just like the U.S., wealthy people tend to avoid living in the CBD in Europe. E) More people live in Europe's CBDs compared to the U.S.

E) More people live in Europe's CBDs compared to the U.S.

Which of the following is not one of the chief reasons why people are attracted to the suburbs? A) space to park several cars at no cost B) protection from inner-city crime and congestion C) a detached single-family dwelling rather than a row house or apartment D) a yard surrounding the house for children to play E) access to well-constructed houses with unique architectural designs like fireplaces and wood trim

E) access to well-constructed houses with unique architectural designs like fireplaces and wood trim

The World Wildlife federation claims the world surpassed its sustainability around: a) 1980 b) 1990 c) 1960 d) 1970 e) 2000

a) 1980

Which of the following was the earliest universalizing religion? a) Buddhism b) Sikhism c) Islam d) Christianity

a) Buddhism

In order to make international comparisons of development which of the following adjustments is made to GDP or GNI? a) Data are converted into a single comparable currency. b) The population is divided by the GDP (or GNI) to generate per capita data. c) The GDP (or GNI) figures are adjusted for interest rate differentials. d) All of the adjustments listed above are undertaken.

a) Data are converted into a single comparable currency.

Which of the following is a culture region? a) Latin America b) the Sahara Desert c) the Pacific Ocean d) Lake Victoria

a) Latin America

The world's largest multinational state is A) Russia. B) China. C) India. D) Canada. E) Alaska.

a) Russia

Jim Crow refers to a) all of these b) discriminatory hiring practices c) restrictive housing policies d) racially exclusive laws

a) all of these

Teaching a child patriotic feelings is an example of a) cultural reproduction b) fashion c) materialism d) globalization

a) cultural reproduction

According to the von Thünen model, the most important determinant of the location of agricultural production is the a) distance between the consuming center and the production site. b) soil fertility of the production zone. c) demand at the consuming center. d) development of intervening opportunity.

a) distance between the consuming center and the production site.

This is the process by which middle-class people move into deteriorated inner-city neighborhoods and renovate the housing. A) gentrification B) annexation C) kleptocracy D) redlining E) gerrymandering

a) gentrification

A population composed of similar people is a) homogeneous b) heterogeneous c) contested d) indefinite

a) homogeneous

In the last century, communication technology has become a) nearly free and widely deployed b) expensive and constrained c) cheap but poorly distributed d) very expensive but widely accessible

a) nearly free and widely deployed

A greenhouse is a good example of a building heated by a) passive solar energy b) photovoltaic cells c) green plants d) active solar energy e) fusion

a) passive solar energy

The growth of a language is clostly related to a) territorial expansion b) friendliness c) grammatical rationality d) ease of instruction

a) territorial expansion

Purchasing power parity theory holds that a) the ratio of the prices of goods in two countries ought to reflect the exchange rate between the two countries. b) everyone in the world should have the opportunity to purchase the same bundle of goods. c) countries exhibiting a greater purchasing power are more developed than those with lower purchasing power. d) given the same amount of money one can purchase more in a developed country as opposed to developing countries.

a) the ratio of the prices of goods in two countries ought to reflect the exchange rate between the two countries.

Global products tend to be developed in _______ countries and sold in _______ countries. a) wealthy, most b) wealthy, poor c) poor, wealthy d) poor, most

a) wealthy, most

12 languages account for ______% of the world's population a) 96 b) 66 c) 16 d) 36

b) 66

The Germanic branch of Indo-European includes a) Romanian b) English c) Welsh d) Latvian

b) English

Which of the following religions is the oldest? a) Baha�i b) Hinduism c) Seventh Day Adventism d) Mormonism

b) Hinduism

The Hispanic population of the United States clusters near a) the oceans b) Mexico c) Canada d) the Northeast

b) Mexico

Which of the following is NOT considered a branch of Christianity? a) Orthodox b) Scientology c) Catholic d) Lutheran

b) Scientology

According to your reading, Sewbot a) is located in the center of the US to ship in all directions b) all of these things c) will make shirts very cheaply d) requires no human intervention

b) all of these things

A blended language differentiated from a pidgin language by its more complex grammar and its status as a first language. a) dialect b) creole c) lingua franca d) pidgin

b) creole

The speech we use in particular situations is guided by a) legal precedent b) cultural scripts c) extractive industries d) economic incentive

b) cultural scripts

Attending a luau in Hawaii is an example of a) nihilism b) cultural tourism c) immersion d) exploitation

b) cultural tourism

Environmental determinism is the idea that: a) cultures and environments interact b) environments produce cultures c) cultures produce environments d) cultures and environments are not related

b) environments produce cultures

In the United States, commercial wheat farming is a) intensive. b) extensive. c) marginal. d) correlative.

b) extensive

Intergenerational language shift in the United States is generally seen in the ___________ population a) educated b) immigrant c) majority d) elderly

b) immigrant

Why have so many US factories moved their production to Mexico? a) the infrastructure is better b) labor is cheaper c) more public transportation d) better educational opportunities

b) labor is cheaper

A medium of communication and commerce among diverse language groups. a) creole b) lingua franca c) native language d) isolated language

b) lingua franca

What sector no longer has a significant presence in the central business district (CBD)? A) transportation networks B) manufacturing C) government D) finance E) other business services such as advertising, journalism, and law

b) manufacturing

Residents of developed countries rely on ________ as the leading source of protein. A) cereal B) meat C) sugar D) fish E) dairy

b) meat

The discourse of advertising has the goal of a) entertainment b) selling products c) informing consumers d) education

b) selling products

Threshold refers to a) the number of people in a central place. b) the minimum level of purchasing power necessary for the establishment of a given activity. c) the number of people in a hinterland region. d) the population of a central place multiplied by the per capita income of the place.

b) the minimum level of purchasing power necessary for the establishment of a given activity.

A nation-state is a country a) whose territory is politically subdivided among two or more distinct ethnic groups. b) whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a nation. c) that in foreign affairs is under the control of another power. d) that has a federal form of representative government.

b) whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a nation.

The belief that all objects are inbued with life is a) Santeria b) Judaism c) Animism d) Jainism

c) Animism

Which of the following is the largest ethnic religion? a) Judaism b) Sikhism c) Hinduism d) Buddhism

c) Hinduism

A substance in the physical environment that has value to human beings is A) a reserve. B) a mineral. C) a resource. D) power. E) energy.

c) a resource

Religious diffusion has been which form of diffusion? a) contagious b) hierarchical c) all of these d) relocation

c) all of these

The most destabilizing problem faced by very large countries is a) their potential great national wealth in a world community of poorer countries. b) the temptation to use their military and economic might to dominate smaller powers. c) having portions of their territory inaccessible, sparsely populated, or hard to govern. d) the difficulty in agreeing upon an official national language and form of government.

c) having portions of their territory inaccessible, sparsely populated, or hard to govern.

In contrast to a state, a nation a) is a political entity independent of any form of outside control over its domestic or foreign policy. b) is a territorial unit established by international agreement or military force. c) is a cultural concept implying a group of people occupying a particular territory and unified by shared beliefs. d) implies only a segment of the earth's surface containing a permanent population speaking the same language.

c) is a cultural concept implying a group of people occupying a particular territory and unified by shared beliefs.

A high percentage of employment in agriculture is closely associated with a) adequate to high per capita calorie intake. b) collectivized farming or small-plot ownership gained through land reform. c) low per capita gross national product. d) Green Revolution improvements making farming more profitable.

c) low per capita gross national product.

For emerging economies as a group, the underground or informal economy as a share of gross national product is a) negligible. b) one-tenth. c) one-third. d) nine-tenths.

c) one-third.

Folk culture is transmitted: a) through newspapers b) by reading c) orally d) through the internet

c) orally

Hippocrates believed that a) there was no relationship between people and climate b) climate was irrelevant c) particular climates produced particular types of people d) people caused climate change

c) particular climates produced particular types of people

Saudi Arabia has relatively large proven reserves of A) tar sandstone. B) natural gas. C) petroleum. D) coal. E) All of the above

c) petroleum

Apartheid in South Africa was most similar to ________ in the United States a) urban renewal b) environmental justice c) segregation d) civil rights

c) segregation

Why are top ten music charts so similar across space? a) all of the above b) few people produce music c) the same companies market music everywhere d) people do not listen to music any more

c) the same companies market music everywhere

Why are foodways so important for ethnic groups in the United States?? a) they are the easiest activities to perform b) they are physical processes c) they are the last cultural element to be lost d) they require exotic ingredients

c) they are the last cultural element to be lost

Which of the following are Romance languages? a) all of these are correct b) Afrikaans c) Arabic d) Romanian

d) Romanian

Which of the following countries have low levels of ethnic diversity? a) United States b) Brazil c) Russia d) South Korea

d) South Korea

Other than English, which of the following languages in the US is most likely to be spoken at home? a) German b) Somali c) Hausa d) Tagalog

d) Tagalog

The Rio Grande, which forms part of the boundary between Mexico and the United States, is an example of a) an artificial boundary. b) a water divide. c) a relict boundary. d) a natural boundary.

d) a natural boundary.

Which of the following is a pilgrimage? a) Kumbh Mela b) Camino Santiago c) Hajj d) all of these are pilgrimages

d) all of these are pilgrimages

Which of the following industries is bulk-gaining? a) sawing lumber b) shrimp cleaning c) smelting iron d) assembling tractors

d) assembling tractors

Most sources of energy today are A) from the developed world. B) renewable. C) wind powered. D) fossil fuels. E) based on coal and coal derivatives.

d) fossil fuels

The practice of extracting more gas from reserves by pumping water and pressure is called a) hydraulic removal b) cracking c) liquid phase extraction d) fracking e) high pressure extraction

d) fracking

The Green Revolution a) refers to rebellions by Third World peasant farmers angry about globalization. b) has initiated a reverse flow of population from urban slums to newly productive farmlands. c) has made traditional peasant agricultural practices more secure and scientific. d) increases output through the use of high-yielding crop varieties and altered management practices.

d) increases output through the use of high-yielding crop varieties and altered management practices.

Automation will impact which of the following the most? a) material costs b) energy costs c) legal costs d) labor costs

d) labor costs

Which of the following is an (are) ethnic characteristic(s)? a) eye color b) all of these c) height d) language

d) language

Which of the following is NOT a meaningful distinction between developed and less developed countries? a) per capita income b) percentage of work force employed in agriculture c) gross national product per capita d) mental capacity and ambition of inhabitants

d) mental capacity and ambition of inhabitants

The disappearance of the Aral Sea is attributed to a) natural variations in rainfall and temperature b) point-source pollution from nuclear power plants c) increased runoff from the sea d) the diversion of water for irrigation e) human-induced variations in rainfall and temperature from climate change

d) the diversion of water for irrigation

Why is the percentage of American Indians in the United States so low? a) it isn't low b) there were never very many c) they left d) they were killed

d) they were killed

Which group consumes one-fifth of the worlds energy, while only making 1/20th of the Earth's population? a) Europeans b) Chinese c) Indians d) Russians e) Americans

e) Americans

Social areas of large, complex U.S. cities show residential segregation based on a) social status, income status, and ethnicity. b) income status, family status, and ethnicity. c) socioethnic status, income status, and family status. d) social status, family status, and ethnicity.

social status, family status, and ethnicity.

Landlocked states A) must cooperate with immediate neighbors to engage in trade. B) include Lesotho and Swaziland. C) lack direct access to the sea. D) are common in sub-Saharan Africa. E) All of these are true of landlocked states.

E) All of these are true of landlocked states.