Human Nutrition Final Study Set

Local health departments have the authority to close restaurants that receive low sanitation scores and prevent them from reopening until food safety hazards have been corrected.

True

Plants use glucose to make fiber and starch.

True

Which of the following is not a water-soluble vitamin?

Vitamin K

A large quantity of ATP molecules is produced during ________.

aerobic metabolism when adequate oxygen is present in the cell

Antonio has severe chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). To reduce his likelihood of developing heartburn, his physician recommended that he

avoid overeating during meals.

Parietal cells secrete ions that form ________ in the stomach.

hydrochloric acid

________ is a condition characterized by the accumulation of scar tissue in the liver leading to its irreversible damage.

Cirrhosis of the liver

The toxin produced by (?) can cause blurry vision, muscle weakness, difficulty swallowing, and even death.

Clostridium botulinum

Which of the following plant oils contains the highest amount of saturated fat per tablespoon?

Coconut oil

Paul just had a cholecystectomy. Which of the following dietary modifications should he consider?

Reduce his lipid intake

To conserve the vitamin content of foods, ________.

Stir-fry instead of boil

Which of the following statements is true?

The adult AMDR for carbohydrates is 45 to 65% of total energy intake.

Which of the following statements is true?

The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which chyme enters the small intestine.

If Kara's body weight is 120 pounds, her RDA for protein is approximately 44 g.

True

The label on a bag of salt-free pretzels indicates that the chips are "low-fat." This means the pretzels provide ________ gram(s) of fat or less per serving

3

According to national surveys, approximately ________ of American adults over the age of 20 were either overweight or obese in 2013-2014.

70%

The citric acid cycle is a/an ________ process

Aerobic

Which of the following cooking methods can result in major losses of water-soluble vitamins?

Boiling in a saucepan of water

________ refers to a condition in which people with type 1 diabetes manipulate their body weight by skipping insulin injections or using less insulin than prescribed.

Diabulimia

Three days after eating an undercooked hamburger patty at a picnic, Grace experienced intestinal cramps and bloody diarrhea. When Grace became too weak to walk, her roommate took her to the emergency room of a hospital. Grace required treatment for kidney failure. Based on this information, which of the following food-borne pathogens was most likely responsible for Grace's serious illness?

E. coli O157:H7

In their efforts to avoid regaining the weight they have lost, members of the National Weight Control Registry tend to

Eat breakfast daily

It is not necessary for humans to consume sources of water-soluble vitamins daily, because most of them are stored in the liver.

False

chemical pathway that enables muscle cells and liver to store glucose as glycogen.

Glycogenesis

Ashley's BMI is 23.7. Based on this information, her weight is in the ________ range.

Healthy

Which of the following measurement techniques is a convenient, practical, and inexpensive way to determine if a person has an unhealthy distribution of body fat?

Measuring the person's waist circumference

Which of the following foods is NOT a good source of thiamin?

Whole milk

Esther would like to gain weight, but despite eating regular meals and having no disordered eating practice or eating disorder, her BMI dropped from 19.0 to 16.2 in 1 year. According to this information, Esther's physician will need to ________.

determine whether Esther has cancer or another chronic disease

The process of pasteurization involves the use of ________.

heat to kill pathogens

The body uses cholesterol to make ________.

steroid hormones

Julio wants to cook chicken and bake a pie made with eggs and milk for his roommates. Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he ________.

wipes the knife used to cut up the raw chicken on a hand towel before using the knife to cut up the salad vegetables