Human Nutrition Test #1
Articles that appear in the Journal of the American Medical Association are reliable sources of health information because the editors
have other scientist review and react to the content of articles before publishing them
A person claim his newly invented device treats cancer without surgery, medication, or other forms of conventional medical therapy. However, people who have used the device report that it was not helpful, and it may have harmed them. According to this information, the inventor's claims and his devices are
Quackery
Tamika's 52-year-old father died as a result of a condition that is the leading cause of death in the U.S. Based on this information, Tamika's father died from
heart disease
The Tolerable Upper Limit for a nutrient is the
highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily.
________is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living cells.
Metabolism
Which of the following nutrients is a source of energy?
Protein
Which of the following substance is a nutrient that doesn't supply any energy for the human body?
Vitamin C
Which of the following nutrients is the most essential for life?
Water
Derek consumes a protein-rich drink before and after his workouts. He told his workout partner that he became 200% stronger within a couple of months after he added the drink to his diet, His report about the positive effects of the special drink is an example of a(an)
anecdote
Which of the following substances is secreted by the human stomach?
bile
A primary function of the digestive system is the
breakdown of food into nutrients
Which of the following conditions is a leading cause of death in the U.S that's related to dietary practices?
cancer
Which of the following foods is energy dense?
leaf lettuce
Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome usually includes making dietary changes and
learning ways to manage stress effectively.
Small amounts of food move from the back of the mouth and through the esophagus by involuntary muscular movements called
peristalsis
According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010,_______are the unhealthy and should be consumed in limited amounts.
trans fats
Which of the following statements are true?
The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which chyme enters the small intestine.
The_______is the smallest living functional unit in an organism.
cell
The primary function of the cardiovascular system is
circulation of blood throughout the body.
Which of the following organs is not an accessory organ of the digestive system?
colon
Carter has had ulcerative colitis for 10 years. Based on this information, he has a higher than average risk of developing
colon cancer.
After attending a summertime picnic, 24-year-old Samantha developed severe diarrhea. Which of the following treatments should she us to treat her condition?
consume watery fluids that contain sodium, potassium, and simple sugars
An essential nutrient
must be supplied by your diet
The brain and spinal cord are structures of the_______system.
nervous
Which of the following groups of foods is not a major food group of MyPlate?
oils
A (An)________is a body structure composed of tissues that have related functions.
organ
Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of vitamin C on the human immune system. The study involves providing pills that contain vitamin C to the group of human subjects and pills that do not contain the vitamin are
placebos
A team of scientists determines than 50% of healthy women who are between 19 and 30 years of age need 40 of a vitamin to prevent developing the vitamin's deficiency disorder. Based on this information the,
scientists can determine the RDA for the vitamin.
What is the primary source of energy ("energy currency") for your cells?
ATP
Which of the following statements is true?
Acid reflux often results when the gastroesophageal sphincter fails to close properly.
Which of the following groups of Americans is most at risk of undernutrition?
Alcoholics
A nutrition scientist wants to develop a nutritionally complete formula diet for adults who are healthy but need to avoid solid food or awhile. Based on this information, she is likely to refer to ______
DRIs when developing the new formula.
Which of the following microbes is associated with an increase risk of developing peptic ulcers?
H. pylori
Which of the following statements is true?
Humans are omnivores
Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of phytochemicals?
Grapes
According to Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010, Americans should limit their cholesterol intake to________mg/day.
300
Which of the following nutrients provides energy for humans?
Carbohydrates
A serving of food supplies 18 g protein, 20 g carbohydrate, 7 g fat, 8 mg vitamin E, 2 mg iron, and 100 g water. Which of the following statements is true about a serving of the food?
Carbohydrates provides the most food energy
Which of the following nutrients is a micro nutrient?
Iron
Rose has a disease that weakened her esophagus. As a result of this condition, Rose probably
has difficulty swallowing food.
Chyme moves from the stomach into the
duodenum
Glands that secrete hormones are organs of the________system.
endocrine
The _______helps form feces by absorbing excess water and some minerals from chyme.
large intestine
Chewing food is an example of
mechanical digestion.
The process of digesting foods begins in the
mouth.
The bladder and kidneys are organs of the_______system.
urinary
Diet refers to a person's
usual pattern of food choices
A serving of food contains 15 g carbohydrates, 3 g protein, 5 g fat, 5 mg of vitamin C, and 4 ounces of water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies
117 kcal
Which of the following foods is the most energy dense per serving?
4-ounce chocolate doughnut
Which of the following substances is a nutrient that provides energy for humans?
Fat
A serving of food supplies 25 g carbohydrate, 15 g fat, 18 g protein, and 100 g water. Which of the following statements is true about a serving of the food?
Fat provides the most food energy
The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
Mariele purchased a box cereal that had the following claim on the label: "Eat one bowl of this cereal a day for a month, and your skin with be healthier." Mariele is skeptical about the honesty of the claim. She should report her concern about the claim to the
Food and Drug Administration
Which of the following statements is true?
Nutritional needs of healthy people vary during different life stages, such as infancy and pregnancy.
According to numerous scientific studies, low levels of physical activity are associated with increased chances of developing excess body far and type 2 diabetes. Based on this information, lack of physical activity is a
Risk factor
Which of the following menu items is referred to as an "empty-calorie" food?
Sugar-sweetened soft drinks
Hillary consumed 3 servings of an orange-flavored sugar-sweetened soft drink that provided 140 kcal/serving. According to MyPlate, these drinks should be classified as
empty calories.
Which of the following structures normally prevents swallowed food from entering the larynx and trachea?
epiglottis
The primary function of the respiratory system is the
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Which of the following behaviors is a risk factor for heart disease?
smoking cigarettes
Salivary glands secrete an enzyme that enables a minor amount of ________to be digested in the mouth.
starch
Actress Lotta Talent appears in commercial endorsing an herbal product for weight loss. Her endorsement is an example of
testimonial
An Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is
the amount of a nutrient that meets the 50% of healthy people in a particular population.
A nutrient requirement is
the smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a particular level of nutritional health.
Metabolism is
the total of all chemical changes that occur in cells