HUSH Ch 26

The ghost dance

spiritual dance Indians would do to get rid of whites and bring back the buffalo

Sand Creek

1864 Sand Creek, Colorado, Colonel J.M. Chivington's militia massacred over four hundred Indians who apparently thought they had been promised immunity. Women and children were shot, braves were tortured. 400 Indians massacred.

Reservations

Land set aside for Indians

J.M. Chivington

Led sand creek

Helen Hunt Jackson

Massachusetts writer of children's literature, wrote a Century of Dishonor about the government and indians, Romona a love story about discrimination against california Indians

Sooners

They had to be evicted repeatedly by federal troops, who on occasion would shoot the intruders' horses.

Custer

Youngest general in the union Colonel Custer's 7th Cavalry tried to suppress the Indians and return them to the reservation. • were up against a force of 2,500 armed warriors along the Little Bighorn River, the "White Chief with Yellow Hair" and about 250 officers and men were completely wiped out in 1876 • Indian victory

Buffalo soldiers

What Indians called african americans

Chief Joseph

Who said "I will fight no more forever"?

Buffalo Bill Cody

William Cody, telescope eyed with a crack shot, killed over 4,000 animals in 18 months while employed by the Kansas specific, Performed shows

Donner party

a group of American pioneers led by George Donner and James F. Reed who set out for California in a wagon train. Delayed by a series of mishaps and mistakes, they spent the winter of 1846-47 snowbound in the Sierra Nevada. Some of the migrants resorted to cannibalism to survive.

Wounded Knee

army stamped out the "Ghost dance" that had spread to the Dakota Sioux • estimate of 200,000 indians men, women, and children killed

Sitting Bull

holy man who led his people as a tribal chief during years of resistance to the united states policies; he was hunkpapa lakota; leadership inspired his people to a major victory

Carlisle Indian School

in Pennsylvania, Native Americans were taught english and white values and customs • "Kill the indian and save the man"

Dawes Act

land set aside for Indians was allowed to families instead of tribes Gave title to land on a piece of paper • Misguided attempt to reform governments Native American policy. • Goal was to assimilate native Americans into the mainstream American life by dissolving tribes as legal • Took away their lands

Morrill Act

land/$$ for agricultural colleges

Chief Joseph

leader of Nezperce Tribe: "Hear me, my Chiefs. I am tired; my heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever." Surrendered 1877.

Geronimo

leader of apache; surrendered 1866

Little Bighorn

result of the Fetterman massacre, one of the few Indian triumphs in the plains wars