HWorld History: Chapter 13 Test
what is Louis XIV famous for saying and why does he say it
"I am France" because he was emphasizing his place as an absolute, divine right monarch
what does Louis XIV refer to himself as
"Sun King"
how old is Louis XIV when Cardinal Mazarin dies
23 years old
dynasty that rules France for as long as they have a dynasty
Bourbon dynasty
what dynasty does Henry IV start
Bourbon dynasty
who had Cardinal Richelieu trained and recommended as his replacement when he died
Cardinal Jules Mazarin
who replaces Cardinal Richelieu once he dies
Cardinal Jules Mazarin
who does Anne of Austria chose to keep as chief minister
Cardinal Mazarin
who does Marie de Medici appoint as the chief minister to the king
Cardinal Richelieu
fights against the Holy Roman Empire and Martin Luther in the First German Religious War
Charles V
Holy Roman emperor who is the grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella and becomes king of Spain
Charles V (Hapsburg)
says that because rulers are ordained by God, then they answer only to God
Divine Right of Kings
edict that made the Huguenot Church illegal in France and finished the destruction of the Edict of Nantes
Edict of Fountainbleu
what edict did Louis XIV issue
Edict of Fountainbleu
clergyman who comes up with a theory called the Divine Right of Kings
Father Jacques Bossuet
who gains control of the Holy Roman Empire after Charles V gives it up
Ferdinand
when the sea dogs return to defend England, who are they led by
Francis Drake
revolt led by the French masses when Cardinal Mazarin tried to raise taxes
Fronds
who are rulers answerable to under the Divine Right of Kings
God
countries ruled by the Hapsburg family that encircled France
Hapsburg ring
what surrounded France
Hapsburg ring
what name does Henry of Navarre adopt
Henry IV
Huguenot who was in line to become the next king of France
Henry of Navarre
increased the revenue of the France government but couldn't control the king's spending
Jean Baptiste Colbert
makes the French economy prosperous and brought in huge amounts of tax money to the government
Jean Baptiste Colbert
who is the first in France to spend government money improving roads and building new ones
Jean Baptiste Colbert
who builds the French palace in Versailles
Louis XIV
what does one faith, on king mean
Louis XIV believed his people could only be united behind him if they were all a part of the same religion
who is the heir of Louis XIII and how are they related
Louis XVI was his 5 year old son
what lead up to the Fronds
Mazarin tries to raise taxes on the French masses, so the nobles lead the Fronds
controls the Netherlands, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, and a few other German states
Philip II
who gains control of Spain after Charles V gives it up
Philip II
who was involved in the Thirty Years War at first (2)
Protestants and Catholics in the German states of the Holy Roman empire
what does Henry IV proclaim to be the official religion of France
Roman Catholic
largest fleet assembled in this time in history
Spanish Armada
what does Philip II put together to invade England (2)
Spanish Armada and 30,000 soldiers
what side does Cardinal Richelieu ally with during the Thirty Years War
Sweden
began as a civil war between Protestants and Catholics, but grew as countries in Europe took sides
Thirty Years War
begins in the German states of the Holy Roman empire because some of the princes wanted to worship in the Calvinist Church
Thirty Years War
treaty that ends the Thirty Years War
Treaty of Westphalia
what helped the English defeat the Spanish Armada
a hurricane that destroys 1/3 of the fleet
a king or queen rules with total power
absolute monarchy
what 3 things does the Treaty of Westphalia do
allows the German princes to choose between Calvinist, Lutheran, and Catholic, dissolved the Holy Roman empire, and broke the Hapsburg ring around France
what does Cardinal Richelieu do that makes the middle class very loyal to the king
appoints them as local government officials
why does Philip II decide to invade England (3)
because Elizabeth I refused to court him, she refused to punish the sea dogs from stealing Spanish treasure, and she sent aid to the Dutch in their revolt against Spain
why did Louis XIV refer to himself as the Sun King
because he believed everything revolved around him
why couldn't Jean Baptiste Colbert balance the budget
because he couldn't control Louis XIV's spending
why does Louis XIV make it illegal for Huguenots to leave France
because he did not want them going to Canada and continue practicing their religion
why does Louis XIV not appoint a new chief minister when Mazarin dies
because he governs France himself
how is Jean Baptiste Colbert able to convince French industrialists to sell luxury goods
because of the large numbers of furs coming into France
why does Cardinal Richelieu ally with Sweden
because they are Calvinists and against the Catholic Hapsburgs
how does Jean Baptiste Colbert try to movitiate the French poor to move the Canada
by paying a bounty of 50 francs to any Frenchman who moved
what does Henry of Navarre's mom convince him to do and why
convert to Roman Catholic so that the French people will accept him as king
urban poor in France
couriers d'bois
who ends up moving to Canada when Jean Baptiste Colbert motivated
couriers d'bois
who established the French fur trade with the Indians
couriers d'bois
Louis XIV was successful in his ___________ policy but failed in his __________ policy
domestic; foreign
what does the Edict of Nantes temporarily do
end religious fighting in France
who does Louis XIV put his domestic policy under
finance minister Jean Baptiste Colbert
what 4 things does the Edict of Nantes do to bring a temporary end to the religious struggles in France
gave Huguenots freedom of worship in areas of France where they were the majority, gave Huguenots equal political rights with Catholics, allowed Huguenots to have fortified towns/cities where they could go if religious persecution broke out, and proclaimed the Roman Catholic faith to be the official religion of France
what happens between Louis XIII, Marie de Medici, and Cardinal Richelieu when Louis XIII is 16 years old
he becomes involved in a power struggle with his mom and Richelieu and he banishes them from Paris
what does Charles V do when the strain of running both the Holy Roman Empire and Spain becomes too much
he gives control of the Holy Roman Empire to his brother Ferdinand and control of the rest to his nephew Philip II
what happens to Henry IV that makes the throne pass to his son
he is assassinated
how does Jean Baptiste Colbert bring in huge amounts of money
he placed tariffs on foreign made goods to promote the growth of French industry
how does Philip II try to stop the Dutch from revolting against the Inquisition
he sends in large numbers of soldiers, but the war drags on
name 4 reasons Louis XIV builds such a large and luxurious palace
he wanted a palace big enough so he could hold court with all the nobles he suspected of plotting against him, to intimidate the representatives of foreign governments, to intimidate his own people to keep them from revolting, and because he wanted Versailles to be the cultural and socially center of the world
who receives the throne when Henry IV is killed
his 9 year old son, Louis XIII
who was appointed as regent for Louis XVI
his mother, Anne of Austria
regent for Louis XIII
his mother, Marie de Medici
what does Jean Baptiste Colbert spend government money on
improving bridges, canals, and roads and making new ones
members of the growing middle class in France
intendants
who does Cardinal Richelieu replace the nobles in the local government offices with
intendants
name 3 things Louis XIV does against the Huguenots
issued the Edict of Fountainbleu (made the Huguenot Church illegal in France and destroyed the Edict of Nantes), made it illegal for Huguenots to leave France, and destroyed all the Huguenot schools and churches
what do the French industrialists begin to sell and who is it designed to sell to
luxury goods designed to sell to the upper class
how does Cardinal Richelieu take power from the nobles (4)
make it illegal for them to have armies, uses the king's army to destroy their castles, takes away their power to tax people on their land, and removed them as the local government officials
what does Philip II do to try and manipulate England back into the Roman Catholic Court
marries Mary Tudor, who had just becomes Queen Mary I of England
what does Cardinal Richelieu make the officer ranks in the army based on
merit instead of family connections
what did Louis XIV believe in
one faith, one king
what does the Divine Right of Kings say a king/queen's power is limited by
only the rules of acceptable conduct in Scripture
what does Elizabeth I refuse to do
punish the sea dogs for stealing Spanish treasure
how does Cardinal Richelieu cut into the power of the Huguenots (2)
repealed the parts of the Edict of Nantes that gave the Huguenots fortified towns and cities and gave them equal political rights
money brought in
revenue
what does Elizabeth I offer to the sea dogs and what must they do
she offers them a pardon if they return to defend England
how does Elizabeth I react to Philip II's efforts to court her
she turns away his efforts
what happens when Philip II sends the Inquisition to the Netherlands
since half the Dutch were Protestant, they revolted
what started the Thirty Years War
some of the princes in the German states of the Holy Roman empire wanted to worship as Calvinists but were not allowed to under the Peace of Augsburg
tax on imports
tariff
who does Elizabeth I begin to send aid to and why
the Dutch because she was Protestant and supported their revolt
Cardinal Richelieu more than doubled the size of _________ in France
the army
what does Cardinal Richelieu control once he returns from banishment from Paris and for how long
the government for the rest of Louis XIII's reign
what does Louis XIV build in Versailles
the largest and most luxurious palace in the world
who does Cardinal Richelieu identify as the 2 groups he needs to take power from
the nobles and the Huguenots
what does Cardinal Mazarin restore after the Fronds
the power the king had lost
what does Philip II do when Mary Tudor dies
the throne passed to her sister, Elizabeth I, and Philip begins to court her
why did the nobles led the Fronds
they saw a chance to cut into the king's power
what is the goal of the Edict of Nantes
to bring temporary end to the religious struggles in France
Henry IV's first action as king
to issue the Edict of Nantes
why does Jean Baptiste Colbert build new bridges, roads, and canals
to make it faster to transport goods from factories to people
what are Cardinal Richelieu's 2 goals
to make the king supreme in France and France supreme in Europe
after what happens does England grow stronger and Spain weaker
when England defeats the Spanish Armada