IC Quiz 5

Technically speaking, which of the following is a factual claim? a. "Candidate L is the best choice for our future." b. "Candidate C accepted illegal bribes." c. "Candidate C has impeccable morals." d. "Electing Candidate L would be a mistake."

"Candidate C accepted illegal bribes."

The use of a "thumbs-up" gesture to symbolize the statement "good luck" a. illustrates that meaning can be conveyed without the use of words.- b. does not qualify as a form of language. c. involves a specific meaning that is culturally understood. d. All the answers are correct.-

All the answers are correct

Which of the following is NOT one of the criticisms that have been levied against the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis? a. It is unclear whether language produces thought or thought produces language. b. Children who grow up in a bilingual family experience a great deal of cognitive dissonance because of the conflicting languages. c. Just because people in a culture don't have a word to describe an experience doesn't mean they don't have that experience. d. People who have cognitive deficiencies for learning language can still engage in thought, despite their language limitations.

Children who grow up in a bilingual family experience a great deal of cognitive dissonance because of the conflicting languages.

Which of the following examples illustrates the idea of reclaiming a phrase? a. politicians limiting their use of the word "poor" when describing citizens of lower economic status b. homosexual men referring to one another as "queer" c. a white speaker using only the term "African American" when referring to black audience members d. the NAACP holding a ceremonial funeral for the "n-word"

Homosexual men referring to one another as "queer".

Which of the following statements would be true according to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis? a. If a culture does not have a word for an emotion, its members will not be able to experience that emotion. b. Regardless of the language that individuals from different cultures might speak, people see the world in basically the same way. c. The culture that you are raised in determines the languages you will speak in your lifetime. d. The distinction between nouns and verbs does not exist in most languages.

If a culture does not have a word for an emotion, its members will not be able to experience that emotion.

The word set has nearly 200 discrete meanings in the English language. Imprecise use of set illustrates which of the following statements about language? a. Language is often confusing because of multiple connotations. b. Language can be unclear because of multiple meanings for the same word. c. Languages around the world do not have a clear definition of referents for words. d. Language symbols are arbitrary and hard to define.

Language can be unclear because of multiple meanings for the same word.

Regarding defamation, which of the following is true? a. Slander concerns statements made either aloud or in print. b. Whether or not a statement is true is only relevant to slander, not libel. c. Libel is more common than slander in interpersonal interaction. d. Libel involves only statements made in print.

Libel involves only statements made in print.

Words that evoke strongly positive or strongly negative connotations are known collectively as a. emotion language. b. trigger words. c. loaded language. d. hot-button words.

Loaded language

According to research, women who take their husbands' name when they marry differ in some ways from women who keep their birth name. Which of the following statements is true? a. Name-keepers have higher self-esteem than name-changers. b. Name-changers report having more power in their marriages than name-keepers. c. Name-changers score higher than name-keepers on reports of feminist attitudes. d. Name-keepers say their personal concerns are more important than their relationships.

Name-keepers say their personal concerns are more important than their relationships.

What type of language rule deals with the correct pronunciation of words? a. phonological b. syntactic c. semantic d. pragmatic

Phonological

When Jesse first met Nicolette, he extended his hand and said warmly, "Nice to meet you." In response, Nicolette sighed, rolled her eyes, and simply said, "Yah," in a very sarcastic tone. Jesse inferred that Nicolette was not excited about meeting him, based on her reaction. On which rule of language did Jesse likely base his decision? a. phonological rule b. syntactic rule c. semantic rule d. pragmatic rule

Pragmatic rule

Which of the following statements about slang is FALSE? a. Slang is closely related to jargon. b. Slang can help people identify individuals that belong to their social network. c. Slang is neither inherently good nor inherently bad. d. Slang is an exception to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

Slang can help people identify individuals that belong to their social network.

Which of the following terms is onomatopoetic? a. good-natured b. water c. mumquall d. splash

Splash

Which of the following is true about I-statements? a. They ignore the problem. b. They allow us to shift the blame. c. They allow us to claim ownership of our thoughts and feelings. d. They shift responsibility for one's own thoughts or feelings to the listener.

They allow us to claim ownership of our thoughts and feelings.

Which of the following statements about smoking is the best example of an appeal to pathos? a. When you add it all up, smoking costs a person almost $7,000 a year. b. Smoking is the number one cause of emphysema. c. Most employers can legally discriminate against smokers. d. Think about how many lives you're ruining by continuing to smoke.

Think about how many lives you're ruining by continuing to smoke.

The claim that "4 out of 5 doctors prefer" a certain medication for a headache is an example of which kind of statement? a. an equivocal statement b. weasel words c. a red herring d. an allness claim

Weasel words

Which of the following statements about language and culture is true? a. When people speak more than one language, their language use has no effect on their cultural identity. b. When people speak more than one language, their language use might have a small effect on their cultural identity, but the result is too small to be noticed. c. When people speak more than one language, their language use is often accompanied by a shift in cultural values. d. None of these statements is true.

When people speak more than one language, their language is often accompanied by a shift in cultural values.

According to research, a joke must contain what in order to be considered funny? a. a put-down b. an expectancy violation c. at least one funny-sounding word d. All the answers are correct.

an expectancy violation

Which persuasion strategy takes advantage of the speaker's credibility? a. appeal to logos b. appeal to ethos c. appeal to pathos d. None of the answers is correct.

appeal to ethos

The literal, "dictionary" definition of a word is its ________ meaning. a. denotative b. connotative c. abstract d. referent

denotative

Saying that someone has been "let go" instead of "fired" is an example of which language behavior? a. hate speech b. slang c. euphemism d. profanity

euphemism

Which of the following linguistic features was NOT identified in the textbook as affecting a speaker's credibility? a. use of clichés b. a speaker's dialect c. incorrect diction d. equivocal statements

incorrect diction

To an American, the phrase "How are you today?" sounds correct, whereas the phrase "Today you are how?" sounds incorrect. The second phrase violates which rule of language? a. phonological b. syntactic c. semantic d. pragmatic

syntactic