ICC a&p 1 midterm review quiz

On the pH scale, which number has the highest concentration of hydrogen ions?

1

Blood pressure in arteries is higher than the blood pressure in capillaries. Blood flows from arteries to capillaries due to the presence of a

?

How do nutrients reach the epidermis of the skin?

Diffusion transports nutrients from blood vessels in the dermis into the epidermis.

What part of the microscope moves the slide on the stage?

Mechanical stage control

Which of the methods below was used in your lab to obtain cells to view on a microscope slide?

Scrape the inside of the cheek

Which statement is TRUE?

The epigastric region is medial to the right hypochondriac region.

Melanin is produced upon exposure to:

UV radiation

Which of the following persists for life?

articular cartilage

Bone is the most important storehouse in the body for:

calcium

Which connective tissue contains chondrocytes?

cartilage

A nerve cell releases chemical messengers to trigger changes in a nearby muscle cell. This is example of a core principle known as:

cell-cell communication.

Which of the following is the correct sequence, from simplest to most complex, in the levels of structural organization of the human body?

chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level

Which of the following represents an exchange reaction?

AB + CD → AD + BC

What makes cartilage an unusual connective tissue?

Cartilage essentially lacks blood vessels coursing through the cartilage.

Why is cholesterol a critical component of the plasma membrane?

Cholesterol stabilizes the structure of the plasma membrane when the temperature changes.

What statement best describes dense regular collagenous connective tissue?

Dense regular collagenous connective tissue contains bundles of collagen fibers arranged haphazardly

What type of protein fiber, commonly found in the extracellular matrix, is extensible

elastic

What type of protein fiber, commonly found in the extracellular matrix, is extensible?

elastic

Glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products directly into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as:

endocrine

Glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products directly into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as:

endocrine.

Which biological catalyst lowers the activation energy of a reaction?

enzymes

Tommy fell and skinned his knee. The scrape did not bleed. He must have only damaged the:

epidermis

Primary ossification centers develop in long bones in the:

epiphyses

Expiration (breathing out) is how the body removes excessive carbon dioxide from the blood. This is an example of ________.

excretion of metabolic waste

Which of the following is constructed of elastic cartilage?

external ear

What is NOT one of the three main parts of a cell?

extracellular fluid

What is the building block of a lipid?

fatty acid

Through the microscope, you see cells swimming. Each cell has a long tail that moves in a whip-like manner. What type of cellular extension have you observed?

flagellum

The triplet codes in DNA needed to specify a specific polypeptide chain are found in the

gene

Which unicellular gland is responsible for mucus secretion?

goblet cell

The major organs of the cardiovascular system are the ________.

heart and blood vessels

What is the first step of bone repair?

hematoma formation

When you soak dirty dishes in your kitchen sink, you allow the water to break apart the bonds of the food stuck to your plates. This type of reaction is known as:

hydrolysis

Under what conditions would the skin produce sweat and experience cutaneous vasodilation?

increased body temperature

The tRNA molecule binds a start codon of the mRNA molecule during

initiation

Cytosol is also known as:

intracellular fluid (ICF).

What part of the microscope will allow the maximum amount of light to pass through the slide?

iris diaphragm

Which statement is true regarding pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium (PCCE)?

it is only one layer of cells

Which structure is found in the epidermis?

keratinocyte

Thomas is deaf, but can feel the vibrations of music through sensory receptors in his skin called:

lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscles.

The lung is ________ to the heart.

lateral

Where is simple columnar epithelium located?

lining of the small intestine

Thin skin lacks stratum:

lucidum

Why are damaged neurons usually not replaced?

neurons are amitotic

Cells that stall in a state of the cell cycle known as G0 are said to be:

nondividing cells

Within the nucleus, where does ribosome assembly occur?

nucleoplasm

Which is a characteristic of apocrine glands but not eccrine glands?

open into hair follicle

What prompts the closure of the epiphyseal plate around age 18-21?

ossification of the zone of proliferation

Which cells participate in the process of bone deposition?

osteoblasts

The structural units of mature compact bone are called:

osteons

Where is thick skin located?

palms

The periosteum is secured to underlying bone by collagen fibers called

perforating (Sharpey's) fibers.

Cells found associated with connective tissue proper that ingest foreign substances, microorganisms, and dead and damaged cells are:

phagocytes

A fatty acid that contains two or more double covalent bonds is

polyunsaturated.

A mother breastfeeds her infant. As long as the baby suckles his mother's breast, the mother's mammary glands produce milk. Suckling, the stimulus, increases milk production, the response. This scenario is best described as:

positive feedback loop

During which phase of the M phase of the cell cycle does the mitotic spindle form?

prophase

What is the correct order of the phases in the M phase of the cell cycle?

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Amino acids are the monomers for:

proteins

The atomic number represents the number of:

protons in an atom

Which tissue contains only ONE of the protein fibers associated with connective tissue?

reticular connective tissue

What is the major function of the lymphatic system?

return leaked fluids back to the cardiovascular system

Which is NOT a shape found in epithelial cells?

spherical

The main function of the respiratory system is to ________.

supply the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide

The completion of cytokinesis accompanies:

telophase

Which stage of the cell cycle is characterized by the sister chromatids reaching the opposite poles and uncoiling to form chromatin?

telophase

Which of the following is NOT a location of reticular tissue?

tendons

In a negative feedback mechanism ________.

the output opposes or counteracts the stimulus

The ________ body plane of section divides the body into superior and inferior parts.

transverse

The function of yellow bone marrow is:

triglyceride storage

Which two organ systems are involved in directly regulating blood pH?

urinary and respiratory

Which dietary requirement for bone health can be made in response to skin exposure to UV light?

vitamin d

Which statement best describes primary bone?

Primary bone contains abundant osteocytes and little inorganic matrix

What makes RNA a unique nucleic acid?

RNA contains a nitrogenous base known as uracil

In figure (b), the plane of section divides the brain into ________ parts.

Superior and inferior

Which statement it TRUE?

The epigastric region is medial to the right hypochondriac region

Which is the better example of the term medial?

The position of the eyes compared to the ears

Which statement it TRUE?

The ribs are superficial to the lungs.

As total magnification increases, the working distance ________.

decreases

The visceral pleura is ________ to the parietal pleura.

deep

What is a major function of the respiratory system?

deliver oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the body

What is the primary type of tissue is found in the reticular layer of the dermis?

dense irregular connective tissue proper

The ABCDE rule is used to distinguish normal moles from: Group of answer choices

melanoma

Jill is blind and often uses braille (a system of raised dots) to read her school assignments. What cell in the stratum basale of the epidermis helps her discriminate between the textured dots?

merkel cells

What type of secretion involves the release of substances, such as saliva and sweat, in secretory vesicles by exocytosis?

merocrine

What is NOT one of the four core principles related to homeostasis?

metabolism

Two or more atoms of the same element that are chemically combined are known as

molecule

Building blocks of organic molecules are known as:

monomers

How would you calculate total magnification?

multiply magnification of the ocular lens times that of the objective lens

Nail growth occurs at the nail:

nail bed

Which organ system in the patellar reflex coordinates the information about the stimulus and then causes the muscle to contract in response?

nervous