ICEV Study Guide

Totipotency is the unique ability of plant cells to 1)________, grow and differentiate into new cells which hold the same 2)________ identity as the 3)_______ cell.

1) divide 2) genetic 3) mother

1) Solanum Tubersum 2) Zea Mays 3) Malus domestica

1) potatoes 2) corn 3) apples

Which of the following plants does well in below freezing temperatures?

Carrots

Which of the following vegetables are NOT a warm season crop?

Carrots

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) Where is rough endoplasmic reticulum located?

Cytoplasm

Rusts are classified as which of the following?

Fungus

Which two main phases comprise the cell cycle in plants?

Interphase and mitosis

Which of the following nutrients tends to be less mobile in the plant, leading to a deficiency?

Iron

Which of the following is the correct order of the taxonomic hierarchy?

Kingdom, division, class, order, family, genus, species

How many farms in Massachusetts produce organic crops?

More than 300

In which of the following states is corn often grown for silage?

Vermont

Roots absorb which of the following?

Water and nutrients

Which of the following is the total value of the food crops exported annually from Vermont?

$3.8 million

-Vacuole -Chloroplast -Cell Wall -Nucleus

- maintains the shape of the cell -converts light and carbon dioxide to usable energy - provides structural support and protection - controls functions of the cell

1) are mainly made up of organisms from the Fungi and Monera kingdom 2) are mainly made up of organism from the Plantae kingdom 3) are mainly made up of organisms from the Animalia kingdom

1) Decomposers 2) Producer 3) Consumers

1) Monocots consist of one cotyledon, have floral parts in fours or fives and have parallel leaf veins. 2) Cotyledons are the seed plants produced by the embryo. 3) Native plants have a positive impact on the surrounding environment and ecosystem.

1) False 2) False 3) True

1) transports sucrose, other organic compounds, and some ions 2) provides a protective covering for the plant 3) specializes in storage, photosynthesis and support

1) Phloem tissue 2) Dermal tissue 3) Ground tissue

1) tiny insects which use sharp mouth parts to damage plants, leaving clumps of small black waste on areas they live and feed 2) commonly a nuisance to fruit plants 3) small and slender insects which use sharp mouth parts to pierce plant parts; can produce sticky honey dew 4) classified as a sucking insect

1) Thrip 2) Maggot 3) Aphid 4) Spittlebug

1) the area of the root where root cells lengthen and roots begin to differentiate 2) produces new root cap cells and new root cells 3) protects the apical meristem, lubricates the passage of the root through the soil and controls the direction the root grows 4) known as the root hair zone, is the only region of the root where absorption occurs

1) Zone of elongation 2) Meristematic Zone 3) Root Cap 4) zone of differentiation

Hypotonic solution indicates the solute 1________ is lower outside of the cell than inside. When a plant cell is placed in a 2______ solution, it takes up water and begins to swell, but the cell wall prevents it from bursting. The plant cell has become 3______, meaning it has a high water potential and pressure in the cell has increased. The 4_______ inside the cell rises until it is equal to the pressure outside. The turgor pressure prevents further 5________ intake of water and is important, as it allows plants to remain 6______ and stable.

1) concentration 2) Hypertonic 3) turgid 4) pressure 5) net 6) rigid

Which of the following crops are primarily grown to provide feed for livestock?

Forage Crops

In the 1940s, scientists discovered plants grow taller or shorter based on another plant hormone called __________.

Gibberellin

Which of the following products is NOT made using fiber crops?

Grocery Bags

Which of the following is the result of high temperatures?

Heat stress

Which of the following is NOT a nutrient required by plants?

Hydrogen

Which plant hormone is known as the stress hormone?

Abscisic acid

Healthy plants are usually a medium to dark green color due to chlorophyll absorption and reflection of which color of light?

Absorption of red and blue light; reflection of green light

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) Which of the following is NOT a function of the stem in plants?

Anchor the plant in the ground

Which of the following best describes a dichotomous key?

Identifies plants by a series of choices between pairs of alternatives

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) Which type of flower is missing either the pistil or the stamen?

Imperfect

Which of the following is a true statement about photosynthesis?

In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water react with light energy to form photosynthates and release oxygen as a byproduct

Which of the following is the most common plant part used to identify plants?

Leaves

Which plant structure is most involved in photosynthesis?

Leaves

Which factor of light has proven to be the most critical to floral development?

Length of uninterrupted dark periods

Which of the following is NOT an important factor related to plant quality?

Life span

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) Which of the following describes the ovule of a flower?

Located in the ovary and carries the female sex cells

Which of the following mitosis phases involve the centrosomes completely migrating to the poles and the chromosomes aligning in the middle of the cell known as the equator?

Metaphase

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) Which cell structure has a double membrane surrounding it?

Mitochondria

_______ are embryos with a single cotyledon and ______ are embryos with two cotyledons. (ANATOMY - PLANTS)

Monocots; dicots

Which of the following is the value of crops produced per year in the United States?

More than $150 billion

Caterpillars are the larval form of which of the following insects?

Moths

Which of the following is NOT a type of tissue found in plants?

Non-living

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) How many primary roots are in a taproot system?

One

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) In alternate leaf patterns, how many leaves are produced at each node?

One

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of plants?

Organisms which feed on dead organisms or waste from living organisms

__________ are found in the roots, leaves and stems of plants.

Parenchyma cells

Which of the following fruits are NOT grown in Connecticut?

Peaches

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) Which plant part connects the leaf blade to the stem?

Petiole

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) Which of the following is the female part of the plant?

Pistil

Which of the following is NOT produced by most plants?

Poison

Which of the following is the first stage of mitosis?

Prophase

Which of the following vegetables is a major food crop in Rhode Island?

Pumpkins

Which of the following emerges from the seed and pushes into the soil?

Radicle

Which of the following is NOT true regarding most plants?

Reproduce asexually

The most immediate problem which occurs during heavy rains and flooding is which of the following?

Restriction of nutrients and oxygen to efficiently travel through the plant

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) Which of the following are small organelles found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of a cell?

Ribosomes

The __________ elevates the plant above the soil and includes plant part such as leaves, buds, stems, flowers and fruits.

Shoot system

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the nucleus?

Spherical, rod-shaped organelles

Which of the following organisms is considered beneficial to plants?

Spiders

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) Which of the following is NOT a tissue found in the stem?

Stele

Which of the following is a fruit grown in Rhode Island?

Apples

Which of the following does NOT accurately describe weeds?

Are mainly human inventions which have been selected for particular traits

Which of the following is NOT considered a beneficial insect?

Army worm

In which phase does the cell replicate its DNA?

Synthesis phase

Which of the following is the correct botanical nomenclature for a plant with the genus Bellis and the species perennis?

Bellis perennis

Which of the following is a native species in Connecticut?

Black walnuts

Which of the following is another name for a non-vascular plant?

Bryophyte

Which of the following must occur in order for plants to grow?

The rate of photosynthesis must be greater than the rate of respiration

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) Which of the following is NOT a fruit type?

Complex

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a vacuole?

Contains a nuclei

Which of the following does NOT describe abscisic acid?

Control cell division and elongation, and are used to increase the size of leaves, flowers and fruits

Which of the following crops are NOT a primary crop grown in New Jersey?

Corn

Which of the following is NOT a primary crop in Pennsylvania?

Cotton

(ANATOMY - PLANTS)The seed is made up of which of the following parts?

Cotyledon, Seed coat, Embryo

Plants in the __________ have thick skins and waxy coverings to __________ .

Desert; minimize water loss

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) Which of the following is a list of parts included in the stem tissue?

Epidermis, cortex, xylem, phloem and cambium

Which plant growth regulator is applied to fields of fruit allowing them to ripen at the same time for harvest?

Ethylene

Which of the following is recommended for deer control?

Exclusion

Epidermal cells are found in the vascular tissue of plants.

False

Forage Crops are used to decrease crop yields.

False

Forage Crops are used to decrease soil quality.

False

Respiration involves photosynthesis combining with carbon dioxide to release oxygen and water.

False

The Economic Value of Crops totals to four billion per year.

False

Which of the following crops account for 83 percent of the total United States' economic value of crops?

Field and miscellaneous crops

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) Which part of the flower is the peduncle?

Flower stem

Which of the following describes the structures plants use to reproduce sexually?

Flowers and fruits

Which of the following is a cool season crop?

potatoes

1._______ are known to kill plant leaves and rot them from the inside out if left untreated. This is common in many 2.________ and vegetables. 3._______ are a type of fungal disease which can rot plants. Most often they affect trees and 4.______ with 5.________ features.

1. Blights 2. Fruits 3. Cankers 4. Plants 5. Woody

Which of the following is the percentage of farms in the Northeast which sell products directly to consumers?

12 percent

__________ percent of all prescription drugs come directly from or are derivatives of plants.

25

Which of the following describes cytokinesis?

The cells splits and two daughter cells are created, each with one nucleus

Which of the following best describes vascular tissue?

Transports food, water, hormones and minerals throughout the plant

(ANATOMY - PLANTS) The adventitious root is formed from the shoot tissues and are used when cloning plants from cuttings

True

Economic Value of Crops equals two percent of the total U.S. agricultural products.

True

Forage Crops are used to increase soil fertility

True

Isotonic solution indicates the solute concertation is the same on either side of the cell membrane.

True

Leaves are the main photosynthetic organs of plants.

True

Which of the following plant types makes up about 80 percent of all plants?

Vascular plants