Identify the components of an enzyme & Describe the general mechanism of enzymatic action. & List the factors that will influence enzyme activity. & What is denaturation and what can cause it? & Differentiate between competitive and noncompetitive inhibit

Identify the components of an enzyme & the general mechanism of enzymatic action

- Proteins "biological catalysts" - speed up chemical reactions but are not themselves consumed, specific for a particular chemical reaction - lower the energy of activation by bringing reactants together at the active site

Factor that influences enzyme activity: pH

- most optimal range for enzymes is neutral - extreme high/low will cause denature

Factor that influences enzyme activity: Temperature

- the activity rate increases with an increasing temperature until the enzyme is denatured (with extremely high temperature) - atoms move faster and collide

What is denaturation and what can cause it?

- the loss of 3D shape = loss of enzyme activity - caused by high temperature, extreme pH, alcohol, heavy metal ions, UV radiation - shape is tied to function

Substrate Concentration

- with increasing concentration of substrate molecules - the rate of reaction increases until the active sites on all the enzyme molecules are filled - more substrate concentration more active sites

Noncompetitive Inhibitors

bind at an alternate or allosteric site, both inhibit enzyme function which inhibits bacterial growth, will bind at alternate site, substrate can't fit

Competitive Inhibitors

fill the active site and compete with normal substrate, goes and blocks active site