Identity Formation
Erik Erikson
8 psycho social stages, where each stage represents a task to be masted for healthy development to continue. Young children deal with trust, autonomy, and initiative Adolescents deal with search for their "identity" a sense of who one is and what one stands for
identity diffusion
a state of identity development in which an individual avoids committing to specific beliefs, idelogy, or a specific path due to lack of interest or to avoid an identity crisis
identity foreclosure
a state of identity development in which an individual makes a commitment based on the values of expectations of others rather than personal desire
Identity Crisis
turning point where a person examines his/her values and makes or changes decisions about life roles.
Identity Foreclosure
making a commitment based on the suggestions of others and one that shuts out other possibilities
Moratorium
"I dont know what I want to do when I graduate so I will apply to college and for jobs"
Gender and Ethnicity in Identity Formation
Gender and identity formation-former belief that interpersonal relationships were more important than career issues and values. Female- career plans similar to male adolescent; balance of work and home life
Foreclosure
I am going into the military because everyone in my family went to the military
Diffusion
I really have no idea what I;ll do after graduation. I'll just have to see what happens
Identity Development
Identity is accomplished by choosing and developing a commitment to a particular role or occupation in life Experiment with various sense of "selves" in different situations. Important for making commitments and avoiding being dependent on the opinions of others.
Achievement
Im going to start college in the fall and study to become a scientist
identity achievement
a state in identity development in which a person has committed to a specific behavior regarding particular life choices
Identify and describe the four categories of adolescent identity status. Explain how each category helps adolescents deal with identity crises.
Psychologist James Marcia identified four patterns in the way that teenagers cope with the adolescent identity crisis. The four categories of identity status he describes are identity moratorium, identity foreclosure, identity diffusion, and identity achievement. Teenagers experiencing identity moratorium delay making important decisions in order to experiment with a variety of options. Adolescents in the identity foreclosure category quickly make a commitment without exploration. This commitment "forecloses" other possibilities. They may adopt a belief system or plan of action set by authority figures or their peers without considering whether it applies to them. Adolescents who fall under the identity diffusion category make no commitments to personal beliefs or career goals, appearing to lack direction. Teenagers in the identity achievement category have explored their options and committed themselves to an identity and life goals.
Identity Status
Reaction patterns or processes of handling identity crisis
identity moratorium
a state of identity development in which a person delays making a decisions about important issues but actively explores various alternatives
identity crisis
a period of inner conflict during which one examines person values and makes decisions about ones life direction
Identity Achievement
coped with crises and explored options and emerged with life plan
Identity Moratorium
delay making commitments about important questions; time for exploration
identity status
orientations representing identity developmental processes
Ethnicity and ID Formation
prejudice and discrimination contribute to problems; balancing values of 2 cultural heritages
Identity Diffusion
searching for meaning