Immanuel Kant's Moral Philosophy

For the utilitarian, the shoe keeper is:

Acting morally because his actions are doing the most good for that situation.

Why, according to Kant, do you have to be autonomous in order for you to be able to act morally?

Because you need autonomy to be able to act out of good will/duty.

For Kant, which of the following is permissible in determining what moral choice to make?

Determining whether the maxim of the contemplated action can be made into a universal law.

According to Kant, only rational beings can suspend/overrule their desires in order to:

Do what is moral

True or False: For the utilitarian, you must put your well-being ahead of the well-being of others

FALSE

True or False: I am acting morally if and only if I put the well-being of others first

False

to follow the command of the categorical imperative:

I must make sure that the maxim of my moral action can be made into a universal law.

In Kant's moral philosophy, it is permissible to consider/factor in:

Neither the possible outcome nor how I feel about the action (meaning I must not consider either).

The golden rule commands that we do unto others as we would have them do unto us. Is the golden rule the same as the categorical imperative?

No, because the categorical imperative would not, for example, allow us to disregard the dignity of others just because we would like others to disregard our own dignity.

In Kant's moral philosophy, to make a moral decision, is it permissible to consider the consequences of the contemplated moral action? In other words, is it okay for me to choose an action as the moral one for a given situation just because of the possible outcome of the action?

No. If duty (goodwill) alone was not sufficient motivation for the action, then no matter how beneficial or laudable the action may be, it was not a moral act.

True or False: For the utilitarian, the main goal of life is to maximize overall well-being

TRUE

True or False: I am able to act morally if and only if I have rationality and autonomy.

TRUE

True or False: I am acting morally if and only if the maxim of my action can be made into a universal law

TRUE

If a shoe keeper is being fair to his customers because doing so is good for business, Kant would say:

That the shoekeeper is NOT acting morally because his motivation is not good will.

Which of the following statements is the most accurate?

The categorical imperative governs only those actions that require making a moral choice.

Define categorical imperative:

The categorical imperative is the command to act always as if by our action the act would become a universal law.

When I choose to work hard and make an "A", only so I would get admission to the law school of my choice. I am following which imperative?

The hypothetical imperative

Choosing to commit suicide because it's the choice with the most desirable outcome for one and one's loved ones would be judged immoral in Kant's moral philosophy because:

The person is using himself as a mere means to achieve an outcome.

Which of the following statements is the most accurate in Kant's moral philosophy?

You treat a person as an end when you treat him or her with dignity that all rational beings deserve.

Define a maxim:

a rule that the intention of the moral action is based on. Ex: If I borrow money on false promises, the maxim of that act would be: it is acceptable to make false promises to secure a loan.

the hypothetical imperative governs only

those practical day-to-day actions that do not require a moral choice.

According to Kant, what is the singularly unique function for which we are equipped with reason?

to be able to formulate a conception of what is morally right and wrong