Immune Questions

The nurse is teaching the client newly diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematous about the condition. Which statement by the client indicates teaching was effective? "My energy level will gradually increase over time." "I do not need to make any changes in my diet." "My medications will ultimately correct my problem." "I should avoid prolonged sun exposure."

"I should avoid prolonged sun exposure."

A client with early stage rheumatoid arthritis asks the nurse what to do to help ease the symptoms of the disease. What would be the best response by the nurse? "The health care provider could prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs." "The health care provider could prescribe antipyretic drugs." "The health care provider could prescribe antineoplastic drugs." "The health care provider could prescribe antihypertensive drugs."

"The health care provider could prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs."

The nurse is teaching a client about rheumatic disease. What statement best helps to explain autoimmunity? "You have inherited your parent's immunity to the disease." "Your symptoms are a result of your body attacking itself." "You have antigens to the disease, but they do not prevent the disease." "You are not immune to the disease causing the symptoms."

"Your symptoms are a result of your body attacking itself."

When preparing a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for discharge to home, the nurse should be sure to include which instruction? "Put on disposable gloves before bathing." "Sterilize all plates and utensils in boiling water." "Avoid sharing such articles as toothbrushes and razors." "Avoid eating foods from serving dishes shared by other family members."

Avoid sharing such articles as toothbrushes and razors."

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The client wants to know when medication for the disease will begin. What is the nurse's best response? If the client has a CD4 T-cell count less than 350 cells/mm3. When the client is coinfected with hepatitis C. If the client is diagnosed with HIV-associated liver disease. After the client has been cured of Kaposi's sarcoma.

If the client has a CD4 T-cell count less than 350 cells/mm3.

A client with rheumatoid arthritis reports joint pain. What intervention is a priority to assist the client? Opioid therapy Ice packs Surgery Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

NSAIDs

The nurse knows that a patient who presents with the symptom of "blanching of fingers on exposure to cold" would be assessed for what rheumatic disease? Ankylosing spondylitis Raynaud's phenomenon Reiter's syndrome Sjögren's syndrome

Raynaud's phenomenon

The nurse has four clients that come to the clinic for healthcare. Which client has the highest risk factor for HIV infection? a 46-year-old female who has been in a monogamous relationship for 9 years a 22-year-old heterosexual male who has had one relationship for 2 years a 34-year-old female who has donated blood on several occasions a 26-year-old inmate who receives tattoos in prison

a 26-year-old inmate who receives tattoos in prison

Other than abstinence, what is the only proven method of decreasing the risk of sexual transmission of HIV infection? Consistent and correct use of condoms Vaginal lubricants Birth control pills Spermicides

condoms

A nurse is managing the care of a client with osteoarthritis. What is the appropriate treatment strategy the nurse will teach the about for osteoarthritis? administration of opioids for pain control. administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) administration of monthly intra-articular injections of corticosteroids. vigorous physical therapy for the joints.

NSAIDs

A client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has the classic rash of lesions on the cheeks and bridge of the nose. What term should the nurse use to describe this characteristic pattern? Butterfly rash Papular rash Pustular rash Bull's eye rash

butterfly rash

A physician orders corticosteroids for a child with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The nurse knows that the purpose of corticosteroid therapy for this child is to: combat inflammation. prevent infection. prevent platelet aggregation. promote diuresis.

combat inflammation.

A client asks the nurse what the difference is between osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Which response is correct? "OA is a noninflammatory joint disease. RA is characterized by inflamed, swollen joints." "OA and RA are very similar. OA affects the smaller joints and RA affects the larger, weight-bearing joints." "OA affects joints on both sides of the body. RA is usually unilateral." "OA is more common in women. RA is more common in men."

"OA is a noninflammatory joint disease. RA is characterized by inflamed, swollen joints."

A client suspected of having systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is being scheduled for testing. The client asks which of the tests ordered will determine positivity for the disorder. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate? "You should discuss that matter with your health care provider." "The diagnosis won't be based on the findings of a single test but by combining all data found." "SLE is a very serious systemic disorder." "Tell me more about your concerns about this potential diagnosis."

"The diagnosis won't be based on the findings of a single test but by combining all data found."

A client is to receive intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). The infusion is started at 10 a.m. The nurse would be alert for signs and symptoms of an anaphylactic reaction during which time frame? 10:30 to 11:00 a.m. 11:00 to 11:30 a.m. 11:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. 12:30 p.m. to 1:30 p.m.

10:30 to 11:00 a.m. When administering IVIG, anaphylactic reactions typically occur 30 to 60 minutes after the start of the infusion. Therefore, the time frame would be 10:30 to 11:00 a.m.

A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) comes to the clinic reporting difficulty swallowing. The client says, "It hurts so much when I swallow." Inspection reveals creamy white patches in the client's mouth. What will the nurse suspect? Candidiasis Wasting syndrome Cryptococcus neoformans Clostridium difficile diarrhea

Candidiasis The client's complaints and physical examination suggest oral candidiasis. Wasting syndrome involves involuntary weight loss greater than 10% of the client's baseline body weight and either chronic diarrhea for more than 10 days or chronic weakness and documented intermittent or constant fever in the absence of any concurrent illness that could explain these findings. Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal infection that affects the neurologic system. Clostridium difficile is a common cause of chronic diarrhea in clients with AIDS.

During a routine checkup, a nurse assesses a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for signs and symptoms of cancer. What is the most common AIDS-related cancer? Squamous cell carcinoma Multiple myeloma Leukemia Kaposi's sarcoma

Kaposi's sarcoma