Immunity and Oncology PrepU
A patient with brain tumor is undergoing radiation and chemotherapy for treatment of cancer. Of late, the patient is complaining of swelling in the gums, tongue, and lips. Which of the following is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
Stomatitis Explanation: The symptoms of swelling in gums, tongue, and lips indicate stomatitis.
When caring for a client who is receiving external beam radiation, which is the key point for the nurse to incorporate into the plan of care?
Inspect the skin frequently.
For a client newly diagnosed with radiation-induced thrombocytopenia, the nurse should include which intervention in the care plan?
Inspecting the skin for petechiae once every shift Explanation: Because thrombocytopenia impairs blood clotting, the nurse should inspect the client regularly for signs of bleeding, such as petechiae, purpura, epistaxis, and bleeding gums.
Which of the following is a growth-based classification of tumors?
Malignant
When the client complains of increased fatigue following radiotherapy, the nurse knows this is most likely to be related to which factor?
Radiation can result in myelosuppression.
A nurse is administering daunorubicin (DaunoXome) to a patient with lung cancer. Which situation requires immediate intervention?
The I.V. site is red and swollen. Explanation: A red, swollen I.V. site indicates possible infiltration. Daunorubicin is a vesicant chemotherapeutic agent and can be very damaging to tissue if it infiltrates.
A client has received several treatments of bleomycin. It is now important for the nurse to assess
Lung sounds Explanation: Bleomycin has cumulative toxic effects on lung function.
A client with cancer stage T4,N3,M1 is ordered morphine sulfate 4 mg, subcutaneous every 3 to 4 hours. Two hours after the last injection, the client rings the call bell to report a pain scale of 9. Which is the appropriate action by the nurse?
Notify the physician of the breakthrough pain in an attempt to obtain additional orders.
The nurse at the clinic explains to the patient that the surgeon will be removing a mole on the patient's back that has the potential to develop into cancer. The nurse informs the patient that this is what type of procedure?
Prophylactic
The nurse evaluates teaching as effective when a female client states that she will
Use sunscreen when outdoors.
The nurse working on a bone marrow unit knows that it is a priority to monitor which of the following in a client who has just undergone a bone marrow transplant?
Monitor the client closely to prevent infection.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a platelet count of 30,000/mm3. Which statement by the client indicates a need for additional teaching?
"I floss my teeth every morning."
A young female client has received chemotherapeutic medications and asks about any effects the treatments will have related to her sexual health. The most appropriate statement by the nurse is
"You will need to practice birth control measures."
What intervention should the nurse provide to reduce the incidence of renal damage when a patient is taking a chemotherapy regimen?
Encourage fluid intake to dilute the urine.
The nurse is teaching a healthy lifestyle class to a group of adolescents. The nurse recommends
Exercising at least 60 minutes per day doing moderate to vigorous activties at least 5 days per week
According to the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification system, T0 means there is which of the following?
no evidence of primary tumor
A client receiving external radiation to the left thorax to treat lung cancer has a nursing diagnosis of Risk for impaired skin integrity. Which intervention should be part of this client's care plan?
voiding using soap on the irradiated areas Explanation: Because external radiation commonly causes skin irritation, the nurse should wash the irradiated area with water only and leave the area open to air.
Which of the following is a sign or symptoms of septic shock?
Altered mental status
Which of the following is a term used to describe the process of programmed cell death?
Apoptosis Explanation: Apoptosis is the innate cellular process of programmed cell death.
The nurse is evaluating bloodwork results of a patient with cancer who is receiving chemotherapy. The patient's platelet count is 60,000/mm3. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action?
Avoiding use of products containing aspirin
Which of the following does a nurse thoroughly evaluate before a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) procedure?
Blood studies
Which oncologic emergency involves the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space?
Cardiac tamponade
A cancer client makes the following statement to the nurse: "I guess I will tell my doctor to forego the chemotherapy. I do not want to be throwing up all the time. I would rather die."Which of the following facts supports the use of chemotherapy for this client?
Chemotherapy treatment can be adjusted to optimize effects while limiting adverse effects.
The nurse is caring for a patient undergoing an incisional biopsy. Which of the following statements does the nurse understand is true about an incisional biopsy?
It removes a wedge of tissue for diagnosis.
Which primary cancer treatment goal is prolonged survival and containment of cancer cell growth?
control
