Immunization Quiz!

Hepatitis B virus

Causes dark urine, fever, fatigue, jaundice, N/V, clay colored stools

DTaP vaccine

!! Not for children over 7 years of age. !! DO NOT GIVE TO/IF: -pt has had a severe rxn to a previous dose -allergies to any part of vaccine -has been in a coma or had long repeated seizures within 7 days of a dose of DTaP - has had Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) - if there was severe pain/swelling after previous dose of vaccine

varicella

- a very contagious viral disease. -usually mild, but it can be serious in infants under 12 months of age, adolescents, adults, pregnant women, and people with weakened immune systems. - causes an itchy rash that usually lasts about a week. - It can also cause: fever, tiredness, loss of appetite, headache - More serious complications can include: skin infections, infection of the lungs (pneumonia), inflammation of blood vessels, swelling of the brain and/or spinal cord coverings (encephalitis or meningitis), blood stream, bone, or joint infections - Some people who get this virus get a painful rash called shingles years later. _ can spread easily from an infected person to anyone who has not had the virus or the vaccination against the virus

influenza

- virus that is spread mainly by coughing, sneezing, and close contact. -Anyone can get this virus. - Strikes suddenly and can last several days. - Symptoms vary by age, but can include: • fever/chills • sore throat • muscle aches • fatigue • cough • headache • runny or stuffy nose - can also lead to pneumonia and blood infections, and cause diarrhea and seizures in children. - If you have a medical condition, such as heart or lung disease, flu can make it worse. - Infants and young children, people 65 years of age and older, pregnant women, and people with certain health conditions or a weakened immune system are at greatest risk

Meningicoccal

-Caused by a bacterium -can lead to meningitis (infection of the lining of the brain and spinal cord) and infections of the blood. -disease often occurs without warning—even among people who are otherwise healthy. - disease can spread from person to person through close contact (coughing or kissing) or lengthy contact, especially among people living in the same household

pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

-Caused by bacteria that can spread from person to person through close contact. It can cause ear infections, and it can also lead to more serious infections of the: Lungs (pneumonia), Blood (bacteremia), and Covering of the brain and spinal cord (meningitis) -Pneumococcal meningitis can cause deafness and brain damage, and it kills about 1 child in 10

Hepatits B vaccine

-Injection given to prevent infection caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) -Virus spread through bodily fluids (blood, semen, vaginal secretions)

Polio

-disease caused by a virus. - It is spread mainly by person to-person contact. -It can also be spread by consuming food or drinks that are contaminated with the feces of an infected person. - Most people infected have no symptoms, and many recover without complications. - But sometimes people develop paralysis (cannot move their arms or legs). Can result in permanent disability! - Can also cause death, usually by paralyzing the muscles used for breathing.

Hepatitis a virus

-serious liver disease. -It is caused by the a virus (HAV). -spread from person to person through contact with the feces (stool) of people who are infected, which can easily happen if somone doesn't wash hands -You can also get the virus from food, water, or objects contaminated with HAV. -Symptoms can include: fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and/ or joint pain, severe stomach pains and diarrhea (mainly in children), or jaundice (yellow skin or eyes, dark urine, clay-colored bowel movements). -cause liver failure and death, although this is rare and occurs more commonly in persons 50 years of age or older and persons with other liver diseases

pertussis

AKA whooping cough Bacteria that causes coughing spells so bad that it makes it hard for infants to eat, drink, or breathe. It can cause seizures, pneumonia, brain damage, death.

At risk increased risk for HBV

Babies born to mothers infected with HBV IV drug users Sex partners with someone who has HBV Men & men sex partners healthcare workers

Diptheria

Bacteria that can cause breathing problems, paralysis, and heart failure

tetanus

Bacteria that causes painful tightening of the muscles. It can cause "locking" of the jaw so opening to mouth to swallow is prohibited.

Haemophilus influenzae B

Bacterial infection that is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis among children under 5 years of age. Can cause pneumonia, severe swelling in the throat making it hard to breathe, infections of the blood, joints, bones, covering of the heart and can lead to death. Meningitis is an infection of the lining of the brain and spinal cord, can lead to brain damage, deafness, death.

HIB Vaccine

Contraindications include: - Age over 5 (unless otherwise indicated) - pt younger than 6 weeks

contraindications for varicella vaccine

DO NOT GET IF: -pregnant, or might be pregnant. - Women should avoid getting pregnant for at least 1 month after getting vaccine. - Has a weakened immune system due to disease (such as cancer or HIV/AIDS) or medical treatments (such as radiation, immunotherapy, steroids, or chemotherapy). - Has a parent, brother, or sister with a history of immune system problems. -Is taking salicylates (such as aspirin). -People should avoid using salicylates for 6 weeks after getting vaccine. -Has recently had a blood transfusion or received other blood products. You might be advised to postpone vaccination for 3 months or more. Has tuberculosis. -Has gotten any other vaccines in the past 4 weeks. Live vaccines given too close together might not work as well.

hepatitis b vaccine

DO NOT GIVE TO/IF: any allergies to any part of the vaccine allergies to yeast Okay to administer to pregnant women!

contraindications for MMR vaccine

DO NOT GIVE TO/IF: - pregnant, or could be pregnant. - Women should avoid getting pregnant for at least 1 month after getting MMR vaccine. - weakened immune system due to disease (such as cancer or HIV/AIDS) or medical treatments (such as radiation, immunotherapy, steroids, or chemotherapy). - Has a parent, brother, or sister with a history of immune system problems. -Has ever had a condition that makes them bruise or bleed easily. -Has recently had a blood transfusion or received other blood products. You might be advised to postpone MMR vaccination for 3 months or more. - Has tuberculosis. -Has gotten any other vaccines in the past 4 weeks. Live vaccines given too close together might not work as well

PCV13 vaccine (pneumococcal conjugate)

Do not administer if: life-threatening allergic reaction to a dose of this vaccine, to an earlier pneumococcal vaccine called PCV7, or to any vaccine containing diphtheria toxoid (for example, DTaP), should not get PCV13.

rotavirus vaccine

First dose must be administered before 15 weeks of age and last dose by 8 months of age. DO NOT GIVE TO/IF: allergies to any part of vaccine if baby has severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) if baby has suffered from bowel blockage "intussusception" if baby has weakened immune system due to HIV/AIDS if baby is on steroid regimen

IM 5 doses! 1st @ 2 mo 2nd @ 4 mo 3rd @ 6 mo 4th @ 15-18 mo 5th @ 4-6 yrs

How many DTaP vaccines are administered?

4 doses administered IM 1st @ 2 mo 2nd @ 4 mo 3rd @ 6 mo 4th @ 12-15 mo

How many HIB vaccines?

Administered SubQ SubQ! Children should get 2 doses usually: - First dose: 12 through 15 months of age - Second dose: 4 through 6 years of age - Infants who will be traveling outside the United States when they are between 6 and 11 months of age should get a dose of MMR vaccine before travel. ADULTS: Adults might also need MMR vaccine. Many adults 18 years of age and older might be susceptible to measles, mumps, and rubella without knowing it. A third dose of MMR might be recommended in certain mumps outbreak situations.

How many MMR vaccines administered?

Administered IM OR SUBQ SubQ or IM 5 doses! Children: Doses of IPV are usually given at 2, 4, 6 to 18 months, and 4 to 6 years of age. Adults: some adults are at higher risk and should consider this vaccination, including: people traveling to certain parts of the world, laboratory workers who might handle the virus, and health care workers treating patients who could. These higher-risk adults may need 1 to 3 doses of IPV, depending on how many doses they have had in the past

How many Polio vaccinations are administered?

3 doses 1st dose @ birth 2nd dose @ 1-2mos 3rd dose @ 6-18mos

How many injections for the Hepatitis B vaccine?

Administered via IM injection Two doses are routinely recommended for adolescents. - 11 through 18 years old: -- the first dose at 11 or 12 years old, with a booster dose at age 16. -Some adolescents, including those with HIV, should get additional doses

How many meningicoccal vaccines are administered?

Administered IM OR SUBQ --given to children at 2, 4, 6, and 12-15 months of age. --recommended for children and adults 2 to 64 years of age with certain health conditions, and for all adults 65 years of age and older

How many pneumococcal conjugate vaccines administered?

Administered via IM injection ( inactivated (killed) vaccine) - 2 doses for long-lasting protection. -- doses should be given at least 6 months apart. -Children are routinely vaccinated between their first and second birthdays (12 through 23 months of age). -Older children and adolescents can get the vaccine after 23 months. - Adults who have not been vaccinated previously and want to be protected against can also get the vaccine.

How many vaccine administrations for HAV?

2-3 doses (depends on brand) Administered orally!! 1st dose @ 2 mo 2nd dose @ 4 mo 3rd dose (if needed) @ 6 mo

How many vaccines administered for rotavirus?

Administered as an IM injection - given at 11 or 12 years of age (but it may be given beginning at age 9 years through age 26 years.) - Most adolescents 9 through 14 years of age should get vaccine as a two-dose series with the doses separated by 6-12 months. -People who start HPV vaccination at 15 years of age and older should get the vaccine as a three-dose series with the second dose given 1-2 months after the first dose and the third dose given 6 months after the first dose.

How many vaccines are administered with the HPV series?

Administered SubQ SubQ -Children 12 months through 12 years of age should get 2 doses of chickenpox vaccine, usually: --First dose: 12 through 15 months of age --Second dose: 4 through 6 years of age -People 13 years of age or older who didn't get the vaccine when they were younger, and have never had chickenpox, should get 2 doses at least 28 days apart. --A person who previously received only one dose of chickenpox vaccine should receive a second dose to complete the series. The second dose should be given at least 3 months after the first dose for those younger than 13 years, and at least 28 days after the first dose for those 13 years of age or older.

How many varicella vaccinations are administered?

recommended every flu season. Children 6 months through 8 years of age may need two doses during the same flu season. Everyone else needs only one dose each flu season

How often do you get the influenza vaccination?

HIB Vaccine

Indicated for pts over the age of 5 if: but may be indicated for older children or adults with asplenia or sickle cell disease, before splenectomy surgery, or following a bone marrow transplant indicated for pts 5-18 yrs with HIV/AIDs

PCV13

Mild RXN: drowsy after the shot, had a temporary loss of appetite, or had redness or tenderness where the shot was given, had swelling where the shot was given, had a mild fever, 1 in 20 had a fever over 102.2°F. Up to about 8 out of 10 became fussy or irritable. Adults have reported pain, redness, and swelling where the shot was given; also mild fever, fatigue, headache, chills, or muscle pain.

hepatitis b vaccine

Mild problems to look for after vaccine administration: soreness @ injection site & possible fever of 99.9F

HIB Vaccine

Mild rxn: redness, warmth, fever, swelling @ injection site

rotavirus vaccine

Mild rxns after admin: fussy, irritability, mild and temporary vomiting/diarrhea after first dose More severe rxns after admin: intussuscption

DTaP vaccine

Mild vaccine RXN: redness, soreness, swelling, tenderness. Fever, fussiness, tiredness, poor appetite and vomiting are common 1-3 days after admin. More severe vaccine RXN: seizures, non-stop crying for 3 or more hours, high fever (greater than 105F). Rare vaccine RXN: swelling of entire arm/leg after 4th or 5th admin. Long term seizures, coma, lowered consciousness, permanent brain damage

contraindications for the influenza vaccination

NOT FOR: If you ever had Guillain-Barré Syndrome (also called GBS). Some people with a history of GBS should not get this vaccine

MMR vaccine

S&S RXN: - Minor events: Sore arm from the injection, Fever, Redness or rash at the injection site, Swelling of glands in the cheeks or neck If these events happen, they usually begin within 2 weeks after the shot. They occur less often after the second dose. -Moderate events: Seizure (jerking or staring) often associated with fever, Temporary pain and stiffness in the joints, mostly in teenage or adult women, Temporary low platelet count, which can cause unusual bleeding or bruising, Rash all over body -Severe events occur very rarely: deafness, Long-term seizures, coma, or lowered consciousness, Brain damage

Varicella vaccine

S&S RXN: -Minor events: Sore arm from the injection, Fever, Redness or rash at the injection site If these events happen, they usually begin within 2 weeks after the shot. They occur less often after the second dose. --More serious events following vaccination are rare. They can include: Seizure (jerking or staring) often associated with fever, Infection of the lungs (pneumonia) or the brain and spinal cord coverings (meningitis), Rash all over the body A person who develops a rash after vaccination might be able to spread the vaccine virus to an unprotected person. Even though this happens very rarely, anyone who gets a rash should stay away from people with weakened immune systems and unvaccinated infants until the rash goes away.

Influenza vaccine

S&S RXN: -Minor problems following a flu shot include: • soreness, redness, or swelling where the shot was given • hoarseness • sore, red or itchy eyes • cough • fever • aches • headache • itching • fatigue If these problems occur, they usually begin soon after the shot and last 1 or 2 days. -More serious problems following a flu shot can include the following: • There may be a small increased risk of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) after inactivated flu vaccine. - Young children who get the flu shot along with pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13) and/or DTaP vaccine at the same time might be slightly more likely to have a seizure caused by fever.

HPV vaccine

S&S RXN: Mild or moderate problems following HPV vaccine: • Reactions in the arm where the shot was given: - Soreness (about 9 people in 10) - Redness or swelling (about 1 person in 3) • Fever: - Mild (100°F) (about 1 person in 10) - Moderate (102°F) (about 1 person in 65) • Other problems: - Headache (about 1 person in 3)

HAV vaccine

S&S RXN: Minor problems following hepatitis A vaccine include: •soreness or redness where the shot was given •low-grade fever • headache •tiredness --- If these problems occur, they usually begin soon after the shot and last 1 or 2 days.---

Meningicoccal vaccine

S&S RXN: mild problems following vaccination, such as redness or soreness where the shot was given. If these problems occur, they usually last for 1 or 2 days.

intussusception

Sign and symptoms include severe, inconsolable crying, baby pulling legs up to stomach, stomach pains

contraindications for HPV vaccination

Tell your doctor if you have any severe allergies that you know of, including a severe allergy to yeast. • HPV vaccine is not recommended for pregnant women. If you learn that you were pregnant when you were vaccinated, there is no reason to expect any problems for you or your baby

Rotavirus

Virus that causes severe diarrhea, fever and vomiting in babies and infants leading to dehydration.

Indications for HAV vaccine

You should get hepatitis A vaccine if you: - are traveling to countries where hepatitis A is common -are a man who has sex with other men -use illegal drugs - have a chronic liver disease such as hepatitis B or hepatitis C - are being treated with clotting-factor concentrates -work with hepatitis A-infected animals or in a hepatitis A research laboratory - expect to have close personal contact with an international adoptee from a country where hepatitis A is common

PCV13

Young children who get this vaccinr along with inactivated flu vaccine at the same time may be at increased risk for seizures caused by fever

DTaP vaccine

combination of diptheria, tetanus and pertussis

MMR

diseases can easily spread from person to person. Measles doesn't even require personal contact. You can get measles by entering a room that a person with measles left up to 2 hours before.`

Rubella

german measles" Rubella virus causes fever, sore throat, rash, headache, and eye irritation. Rubella can cause arthritis in up to half of teenage and adult women. If a woman gets rubella while she is pregnant, she could have a miscarriage or her baby could be born with serious birth defects.

groups at increased risk for developing meningicoccal

increased risk, including: -Infants younger than one year old - Adolescents and young adults 16 through 23 years old -People with certain medical conditions that affect the immune system - Microbiologists who routinely work with isolates of N. meningitidis -People at risk because of an outbreak in their community recommended for certain groups of people: - People with HIV -Anyone whose spleen is damaged or has been removed - including people with sickle cell disease -Anyone with a rare immune system condition called "persistent complement component deficiency" - Anyone taking a drug called eculizumab (also called Soliris®) - Anyone traveling to, or living in, a part of the world where meningococcal disease is common, such as parts of Africa -College freshmen living in dormitories, U.S. military recruits

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

infection with virus (HPV) types that are associated with many cancers, including: •cervical cancer in females, •vaginal and vulvar cancers in females, •anal cancer in females and males, •throat cancer in females and males, and •penile cancer in males and HPV that causes genital warts in men and women.

Mumps

virus causes fever, headache, muscle aches, tiredness, loss of appetite, and swollen and tender salivary glands under the ears on one or both sides. Mumps can lead to deafness, swelling of the brain and/or spinal cord covering (encephalitis or meningitis), painful swelling of the testicles or ovaries, and, very rarely, death

measeles

virus causes symptoms that can include fever, cough, runny nose, and red, watery eyes, commonly followed by a rash that covers the whole body. Measles can lead to ear infections, diarrhea, and infection of the lungs (pneumonia). Rarely, measles can cause brain damage or death.