Implicit Bias(based on slide)

HOW TO REDUCE IMPLICIT BIAS?

. Meditation • Adjust our perspective • Education

3. Cultural Bias(e.g. white- wash in Hollywood, portrayal of characters from other cultures as exotic/evil/, such as ...

1. Operates when the belief that one's cultural heritage is superior to that of other groups and the superior culture is normalized as society's institutional practices. 2. subsumes elements of both individual and institutional bias but is more far reaching. Culture is to humans as water is to aquatic life. We are so immersed in it we are often unaware of its presences or effects.

LEVELS OF BIAS

1.Individual Bias 2. Institutional Bias 3.Cultural Bias

When do bias happen? 1.RACIAL STEREOTYPES

1.RACIAL STEREOTYPES 2.GENDER STEREOTYPES 3.LEGAL SYSTEM 4. IN HIRING

• Discrimination is primarily, which of the following?

A. A thought B. A desire C. An Action D. A feeling

• Prejudice from a psychological perspective encompasses what three components?

A. Affective, Cognitive, Behavioral B. Affective,Behavioral,Social C. Cognitive, Psychological, Behavioral D. Affective, Psychological, Social

• Which of the following is not true of stereotypes?

A. Stereotypes are traits associated with social groups B. Stereotypes can be accurately applied to all members of a social identity group C. Stereotypes are information we carry about known social roles that social group more often than not occupy D. Stereotypes represent social perceptions about qualities presumed to be by all members of social group

• Displaced Aggression is thought to be a cause for prejudice?

A. True B. False

The terms Othering and Belonging are synonyms (have the same meaning)?

A. True B. False

explicit bias

Consist in overtly discriminatory beliefs, actions, or institutional policies, implicit bias often consists of unconscious tacit attitudes and unintentional actions towards a group which may be in direct conflict with a person's explicit beliefs and values.

implicit bias

Implicit bias is a subtle and pervasive form of bias against members of a group merely in virtue of their membership in that group.

- SOCIAL CULTURAL INFLUENCES

Influences from media, culture, and your individual upbringing can also contribute to the rise of implicit associations that people form about the members of social outgroups. Media has become increasingly accessible, and while that has many benefits, it can also lead to implicit biases. The way TV portrays individuals, or the language journal articles use, can ingrain specific biases in our mind.

2. Institutional Bias(e.g Redlining Asian American Students in college admission process, holding them to a higher standard)

Is a by-product of institutional practices that restricts the access of some groups' members to social benefits such as education and employment. One indicator that institutional bias exist is unequal outcomes for different groups over time.

HOW TO REDUCE IMPLICIT BIAS? 1. Meditation

Meditation - Practicing mindfulness is one potential way, as it serves to reduce the stress and cognitive load that otherwise leads to relying on such biases.

-WE LIKE TO TAKE SHORTCUTS

Mental shortcuts make it faster and easier for the brain to sort through all of the overwhelming data and stimuli we are met with every second of the day. And we take mental shortcuts all the time. Rules of thumb, educated guesses, and using "common sense" are all forms of mental shortcuts.

The harm of implicit bias

Most implicitly biased actions are performed by people who are not even aware that their actions are biased. Even the most well-meaning and conscientious people have implicit biases. Implicit biases have a negative impact on targets of such bias and on society writ large

HOW TO REDUCE IMPLICIT BIAS? 2. Adjust our perspective

Perspective taking - looking beyond your own point of view, so that you can consider how someone else may think or feel about something.

How does IAT work?

The IAT requires participants to categorize negative and positive words together with either images or words. Tests are taken online and must be performed as quickly as possible, the faster you categorize certain words or faces of a category, the stronger the bias you hold about that category.

1.Individual Bias (e.g Micro aggression toward people of different race, gender, culture)

The outcomes of individual level bias is expressed as a negative attitude about an entire group resulting in behavior that directly discriminates against a person in that group.

HOW TO REDUCE IMPLICIT BIAS? 3. Education

a.Understanding what implicit biases are, how they can arise, how, and how to recognize them in yourself and others are all incredibly important in working towards overcoming such biases. b. Learning about other cultures or out groups and what language and behaviors may come off as offensive are critical as well. 3. Education is a powerful tool that can extend beyond the classroom, through books, media, and conversations. On the bright side, implicit biases in the United States have been improving.

- WE SEEK PATTERNS

our brains have a natural tendency to look for patterns and associations in order to make sense of a very complicated world.

What does IAT include?

• There are numerous IATs (over 90) that assess implicit biases across a wide range of characteristics, including race, disability, sexuality, age, gender-career, religion, and weight.

What is IAT? The Implicit Association Test (IAT)

• is one of the most well- known, popular, and widely used tools for measuring one's implicit biases, and has been responsible for introducing the concept of implicit bias to the public.

Is IAT useful?

• The IAT predicts behavior

When do bias happen? 2. racial STEREOTYPES

- Black men as violent, and as a result, they may cross the street at night when see they see a Black man walking in their direction, without even realizing why they are crossing the street.

When do bias happen? 2. gender STEREOTYPES

- Gender biases are the ways in which we judge men and women based on traditional feminine and masculine assigned traits.

CAUSES OF IMPLICIT BIAS

- WE SEEK PATTERNS -WE LIKE TO TAKE SHORTCUTS - SOCIAL CULTURAL INFLUENCES

When do bias happen? 4. in hiring

- White names such as Emily. and Greg, received 50% more callbacks than the stereotypically Black names, such as Lakesia and Jamal, regardless of the industry or occupation

When do bias happen? 3. law enforcement

- law enforcement is the shooter bias - the tendency among the police to shoot Black civilians more often than White civilians, even when they are unarmed.