Infection Control NCLEX

Test for lead poisoning in a child

18 months; The nurse should start screening a child for lead poisoning at age 18 months and perform repeat screening at age 24, 30, and 36 months. High-risk infants, such as premature infants and formula-fed infants not receiving iron supplementation, should be screened for iron-deficiency anemia at 6 months. Regular dental visits should begin at age 24 months.

A 4-month-old with meningococcal meningitis has just been admitted to the pediatric unit. Which nursing intervention has the highest priority? A. Instituting droplet precautions B. Administering acetaminophen (Tylenol) C. Obtaining history information from the parents D. Orienting the parents to the pediatric unit

A. Instituting droplet precautions

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The nurse is aware that health care professionals are required to report communicable and infectious diseases. Which of the following illustrate the rationale for reporting? (Select all that apply): A. Planning and evaluating control and prevention strategies B. Determining public health priorities C. Ensuring proper medical treatment D. Identifying endemic disease E. Monitoring for common-source outbreaks

A. Planning and evaluating control and prevention strategies B. Determining public health priorities C. Ensuring proper medical treatment E. Monitoring for common-source outbreaks

A child is undergoing remission induction therapy to treat leukemia. Allopurinol is included in the regimen. The main reason for administering allopurinol as part of the client's chemotherapy regimen is to: A. Prevent metabolic breakdown of xanthine to uric acid B. Prevent uric acid from precipitating in the ureters C. Enhance the production of uric acid to ensure adequate excretion of urine D. Ensure that the chemotherapy doesn't adversely affect the bone marrow

A. Prevent metabolic breakdown of xanthine to uric acid

Ms. Smith is admitted for internal radiation for cancer of the cervix. The nurse knows the client understands the procedure when she makes which of the following remarks the night before the procedure? A. She says to her husband, "Please bring me a hamburger and french fries tomorrow when you come. I hate hospital food." B. "I told my daughter who is pregnant to either come to see me tonight or wait until I go home from the hospital." C. "I understand it will be several weeks before all the radiation leaves my body." D. "I brought several craft projects to do while the radium is inserted.

B. "I told my daughter who is pregnant to either come to see me tonight or wait until I go home from the hospital."

A young adult is being treated for second and third degree burns over 25% of his body and is now ready for discharge. The nurse evaluates his understanding of discharge instructions relating to wound care and is satisfied that he is prepared for home care when he makes which statement? A. "I will need to take sponge baths at home to avoid exposing the wounds to unsterile bath water." B. "If any healed areas break open I should first cover them with a sterile dressing and then report it." C. "I must wear my Jobst elastic garment all day and can only remove it when I'm going to bed." D. "I can expect occasional periods of low-grade fever and can take Tylenol every 4 hours."

B. "If any healed areas break open I should first cover them with a sterile dressing and then report it."

While working in a pediatric clinic, you receive a telephone call from the parent of a 10-year-old who is receiving chemotherapy for leukemia. The client's sibling has chickenpox. Which of these actions will you anticipate taking next? A. Teach the parents regarding contact and airborne precaution. B. Administer varicella-zoster immune globulin to the client. C. Prepare the client for admission to a private room in the hospital. D. Educate the parent about the correct use of acyclovir (Zovirax).

B. Administer varicella-zoster immune globulin to the client.

A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who is being admitted to the facility with a suspected diagnosis of pertussis. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply): A. Place the client in a room that has negative air pressure of at least six exchanges per hour B. Wear a mask when providing care within 3 feet of the client C. Place a surgical mask on the client if transportation to another department is unavoidable D. Use sterile gloves when handling soiled linens E. Wear a gown when performing care that may result in contamination from secretions

B. Wear a mask when providing care within 3 feet of the client C. Place a surgical mask on the client if transportation to another department is unavoidable E. Wear a gown when performing care that may result in contamination from secretions

The nurse in charge is evaluating the infection control procedures on the unit. Which finding indicates a break in technique and the need for education of staff? A. The nurse aide is not wearing gloves when feeding an elderly client. B. A client with active tuberculosis is asked to wear a mask when he leaves his room to go to another department for testing. C. A nurse with open, weeping lesions of the hands puts on gloves before giving direct client care. D. The nurse puts on a mask, a gown, and gloves before entering the room of a client on strict isolation.

C. A nurse with open, weeping lesions of the hands puts on gloves before giving direct client care.

You are caring for a newly admitted client with increasing dyspnea and dehydration who has possible avian influenza (bird flu). Which of these prescribed actions will you implement first? A. Administer the first dose of oseltamivir (Tamiflu). B. Obtain blood and sputum specimens for testing. C. Provide oxygen using a non-rebreather mask. D. Infuse 5% dextrose in water at 75ml/hr

C. Provide oxygen using a non-rebreather mask.

Patrick, a healthy adolescent has meningitis and is receiving I.V. and oral fluids. The nurse should monitor this client's fluid intake because fluid overload may cause:

Cerebral Edema

You are caring for four clients who are receiving IV infusions of normal saline. Which client is at highest risk for bloodstream infections? A. A client who has a midline IV catheter in the left antecubital fossa. B. A client with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line in the right upper arm. C. A client with an implanted port in the right subclavian vein. D. A client who has nontunneled central line in the left internal jugular vein.

D. A client who has nontunneled central line in the left internal jugular vein.

A nurse is caring for a client who presents with linear clusters of fluid-containing vesicles with some crusting. Which of the following should the nurse suspect? A. Allergic reaction B. Ringworm C. Systemic lupus erythematous D. Herpes Zoster

D. Herpes Zoster

You are the charge nurse on the pediatric unit when a pediatrician calls wanting to admit a child with rubeola (measles). Which of these factors is of most concern in determining whether to admit the child to your unit? TA. here are several children receiving chemotherapy on the unit. B. The infection control nurse liaison is not on the unit today. C. The unit is not staffed with the usual number of RNs. D. No negative-airflow rooms are available on the unit.

D. No negative-airflow rooms are available on the unit.