Informatics Exam 3

Confidential information in a secure network is most typically breached by: -People 'hacking' in from outside the network. -Viruses or cookies that enter from email. -Unauthorized use by authorized users. -None of the above

Unauthorized use by authorized users.

Assigning passwords to employees so that they can access the secure network is known as __________. -biometrics -authentication -integrity -fair use

authentication

Organizations are able to monitor who is using the organizational network and what files that user has accessed, because any use of an electronic network ________. -constitutes fair use. -protects against spam. -leaves a digital footprint. -all of the above

leaves a digital footprint.

When healthcare agencies provide access to health information on web sites they -are essentially practicing medicine -expect people to follow the advice -are responsible for actions that people take as a result -must adhere to responsible information standards

must adhere to responsible information standards

A cognitive walkthrough -observes the steps users are likely to take to use the interface to accomplish typical tasks -detects problems early in the design process -is least expensive method -All of the above

observes the steps users are likely to take to use the interface to accomplish typical tasks

Variation occurs when workers -perform the same function in different ways. -initiate flaws in the way a process was originally designed. -lack knowledge about the process. -all of the above

perform the same function in different ways.

New technologies in digital communications, electronic health records and telehealth raise issues related to: -comprehensiveness of care -the digital divide -justice and fidelity -privacy and confidentiality

privacy and confidentiality

The main goal of any ethical decision is to: -promote professionalism -generate knowledge -reach a rational justifiable decision -promote trust

reach a rational justifiable decision

Workflow is a term used to describe -the action or execution of a series of tasks in a prescribed sequence. -a progression of steps (tasks, events, interactions) that comprise a work process, involve two or more persons, and create or add value to the organization's activities. -A and B -none of the above

A & B

The main difference between a data warehouse and a data mart is that: -A data mart is larger than a data warehouse -A data mart is a subset of data from a data warehouse -A data warehouse is available for data mining while a data mart is not able to be mined -None of the above

A data mart is a subset of data from a data warehouse

The central source for collecting patient demographic information and communicating it to the other types of healthcare information systems including clinical and business systems is the: -Case Management Information System (CMIS) -Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) system -Data Mart -Admission, Discharge ant Transfer system (ADT)

Admission, Discharge ant Transfer system (ADT)

Video conferencing technology -Is easy to use -Allows nurses to communicate more effectively and frequently with in-home patients -Must be used for telehealth -None of the above

Allows nurses to communicate more effectively and frequently with in-home patients

All of the following are advantages of technology mediated care except: -Smart pump technology provides maximum dose safeguards -Effective use of technology helps to improve clinical workflow. -CDSS technology reminds clinicians of critical interventions that have not yet been implemented. -Assessment technology provides a complete and objective picture of the patient experience.

Assessment technology provides a complete and objective picture of the patient experience.

Clearing the mind of pre-conceived notions and expectations based on a patient's diagnosis is known as: -Centered caring -Bracketing -Active listening -Healing consciousness

Bracketing

A __________________ identifies resources, patterns and variances in care to prevent costly complications related to chronic conditions and enhances the overall outcomes for patients with chronic illnesses. -Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) system -Case Management Information System (CMIS) -Picture Archiving and Storage System (PACS) -Database Management System (DBMS)

CMIS

Which if the following statements best describes caring as defined by Watson's Theory of Human Caring? -Caring is cognitive energy focused on changing data into knowledge in a patient encounter. -Caring is conscious awareness of one's strengths and limitations in a patient encounter. -Caring is healing consciousness and intentionality to care and promote healing. -Caring is the focus of the energy on efficient completion of assessment and diagnosis in a patient encounter.

Caring is healing consciousness and intentionality to care and promote healing.

Monetary incentives are available to those who implement EHR systems that meet the specified standards. The following people can receive these incentives. -Administrators and Boards of Directors -Clinicians and facilities -Patients -All of the above

Clinicians and facilities

_____________enhance administrative tasks within healthcare organizations and provide the framework for reimbursement, support of best practices, quality control, and resource allocation. -Core business systems -Communication systems -Patient Tracking systems -None of the above

Core business systems

What is the human-technology interface? -Hardware and software that support humans interacting with technology. -Software being designed to make technology work faster. -Hardware designed to facilitate its software. -Educating users on the use of the system.

Hardware and software that support humans interacting with technology.

Task analysis examines -The number of tasks involved -How the user approaches the task in order to accomplish it -What the needed output is -All of the above

How the user approaches the task in order to accomplish it

Telehealth interfaces allow patients to -Interact with a virtual clinician (actually a computer program) -Have tailored educational programming developed -Interact when they want to -All of the above

NOT Interact with a virtual clinician (actually a computer program)

Surveys of potential or actual users -That observes the steps users are likely to take to use the interface to accomplish typical tasks -that encourages the evaluator to examine the fit between each two of the components: user and technology, task and technology, and user and task -who were asked their preferences for a number of design characteristics such as display color, menu buttons, text, photo size, icon metaphor, and layout by selecting, on a computer screen, their preferences for each item from two or three options. -Who revealed several problems with the decision rules used to tailor content to users that were corrected prior to implementation.

NOT That observes the steps users are likely to take to use the interface to accomplish typical tasks

The functions of a scheduling system are: -To coordinate staff, services, equipment, and allocation of patient beds. -To monitor patient acuity levels and equipment needed. -To track resources within a facility while managing the frequency and distribution of those resources. -Both A and C

NOT To coordinate staff, services, equipment, and allocation of patient beds.

Case based ethical reasoning that considers the facts of a case in a sound, logical and ordered or structured manner is known as: -principlism -case-based ethics -casuistry -bioethical decision making

NOT casuistry

The intent of HIPAA was to -curtail healthcare fraud and abuse and enforce standards for health information -guarantee the security and privacy of health information -assure health insurance portability for employed persons -all of the above

NOT guarantee the security and privacy of health information

A hardware security tool that helps protect an organization against security breaches by issuing masks to protect the identity of a corporation's employees who are accessing the World Wide Web is a ___________. -proxy server -firewall -anti-virus program -masking program

NOT masking program

Anne is feeling overwhelmed with her personal issues and the complexity of the patients she cares for. She decides to keep a personal journal to provide her with insights into her patient experiences, and help her get back to her caring roots. This strategy is known as: -Reflective practice -Meta-physical creativity -Cognitive centering -Caritas processing

Reflective practice

Anne has a very busy personal life and is worried about her parents who live 100 miles away and are in failing health. She works on a medical oncology unit in a metropolitan hospital. She is the primary nurse for 6 patients today, one more than the ideal staffing pattern of 5. Before entering the room of a particularly anxious patient, Anne takes a few moments to breathe deeply, clear her mind, and review the patient's EHR on the WOW. She moves the workstation into the room and pushes it aside. She moves toward the patient and smiles, making eye contact, and greeting the patient by name. She sits at the bedside and chats with the patient for a brief moment and then performs her assessment. Anne is practicing: -Transcendent presence -Physical presence -Carative presence -Cognitive presence

Transcendent presence

Ethics is best described as: -a revolution in healthcare brought on by technologic change. -ever changing principles that guide decision making. -a goal-oriented approach to answering questions that potentially have multiple acceptable answers. -paradigmatic changes that involve rhythmic processes central to the healthcare system.

a goal-oriented approach to answering questions that potentially have multiple acceptable answers.

The Bioethical standard of fidelity emphasizes: -confidentiality -privacy -truthfulness -adhering to promises

adhering to promises

Developing a national HIT infrastructure is an enormous and extremely complex undertaking that requires -financial -technological -human resources -all of the above

all

Organizational financial systems are used to: -Manage the expenses and revenue for providing healthcare. -Report the fiscal outcomes in order to track them against the organizational goals of an institution. -Help to determine the strategic direction for an organization. -All of the above

all

Organizations can ensure information integrity in a network by developing policies to: -Specify how data is actually inputted -Indicate who has the authorization to change such data -To track how and when data are changed and by whom. -All of the above

all

Safe offsite use of portable devices can be accomplished by -a virtual private network (VPN) to encrypt data -limiting the information carried outside the secure network. -installing software to perform a remote data wipe -all of the above

all

The HIT infrastructure supports the use and exchange of information in order to -improve health care quality , reduce the cost of health care and better secure patient health information -improve people's health by promoting prevention, early detection and management of chronic diseases -protect public health by fostering early detection and rapid response to infectious diseases, bioterrorism, and other situations -all of the above

all

The acuity system calculates the nursing care requirements for individual patients based on: -severity of illness -specialized equipment and technology needed -intensity of nursing interventions -All of the above

all

The process of data mining helps administrators and researchers to: -sort through databases in order to discover important patterns in data -discover or uncover previously unidentified relationships among the data in a database -conducts exploratory analyses looking for hidden patterns in data -All of the above

all

Which of the following are examples of human-technology interfaces? -EMR -PCA pump -Telephones -All of the above

all

Formal usability -observes the steps users are likely to take to use the interface to accomplish typical tasks -detects problems early in the design process -is least expensive method -None of the above

detects problems early in the design process

The IOM report suggests to improve care delivery and minimize error, one of the most important tools to employ is -electronic records and information systems to provide point of care decision support and automation. -medication administration methodologies that provide care decision support and automation at the point of care. -bar coding for patient care activities to provide access to information and automation at the point of care. -computer systems that track nursing activities at the point of care automation.

electronic records and information systems to provide point of care decision support and automation.

The HIT infrastructure also supports the use and exchange of information in order to -facilitate clinical research and reduce health disparities -fine entities who do not comply -A and B -none of the above

facilitate clinical research and reduce health disparities

How would you best describe a non-value added activity -one that ultimately brings the process closer to completion or changes the product or service for the better. -steps in a process that are necessary for regulatory or compliance reasons but do not bring the process closer to completion or changes the product or service for the better. -one that enhances the process and moves it closer to completion or changes the product or service for the better. -A and C

steps in a process that are necessary for regulatory or compliance reasons but do not bring the process closer to completion or changes the product or service for the better.

An ethics approach that was applied to relatively homogenous societies where beliefs were similar and the majority of societal members shared common values is known as: -the Hippocratic tradition -a casuist approach -principlism -antiprinciplism

the Hippocratic tradition

Optimization is -the process of moving conditions past their current state and into more efficient and effective method of performing tasks. -maintaining the patient's health through the use of new and innovative methods at the point of care. -A and B -all of the above

the process of moving conditions past their current state and into more efficient and effective method of performing tasks.

Two ethics approaches that emphasize considerations for human needs and responsibility to meet needs are: -virtue and care ethics -bioethics and casuistry -beneficence and care ethics -principlism and antiprinciplism

virtue and care ethics