Information Systems Applications
Data Model
Representation of a real world situation about which data is to be collected and stored in a database ⦁ Depiction of the dataflow and logical interrelationships among different data elements ⦁ See Conceptual Data Model ⦁ See Logical Data Model ⦁ See Physical Data Model
Schedule Model
Representation of the plan for executing the project's activities including durations, dependencies, and other planning information, used to produce a project schedule along with other scheduling artifacts (PMBOK)
Physical Data Model
Represents how the model will be built in the database; shows all table structures, including column name, column data type, column constraints, primary key, foreign key, and relationships between tables. Features of a physical data model include: ⦁ Specification all tables and columns. ⦁ Foreign keys are used to identify relationships between tables. ⦁ Denormalization may occur based on user requirements. ⦁ Physical considerations may cause the physical data model to be quite different from the logical data model
SDLC Phase: Maintain
Responsibility for sustaining the product becomes the responsibility of the eventual technical support team
Walkthrough
Review in which participants step through an artifact or set of artifacts with the intention of validating the requirements or designs, and to identiy requriements or design errors, inconsistencies, omissions, inaccuracies, or conflicts
Risk Mitigation
Risk response strategy whereby the project team acts ot reduce the probability of occurrence or impact of a risk
Risk Avoidance
Risk response strategy whereby the project team acts to eliminate the threat or protect the project from its impact
Risk Acceptance
Risk response strategy whereby the project team decides to acknowledge the risk and not take any action unless the risk occurs
Risk Transference
Risk response strategy whereby the project team shifts the impact of a threat to a third part, together wih ownership of the response
Record
Row in a table [that] contains organized details about a person, a location, or some other realworld entity (Microsoft)
Opportunity Sharing
Strategy of allocated somre or all al the ownership of an opportunity to a 3rd party who is best able to capture the opportunity for the benefit of the project
Opportunity Exploitation
Strategy that seeks to eliminate the uncertainty associated with a particular upside risk by ensuring the opportunity definitely happens
Opportunity Enhancement
Strategy used to increate the probability and/or positive impacts of an opportunity
Process Map
Structural analysis of a process flow by distinguishing how work is actually done from how it should be done, and what functions a system should perform from how the system is built to perform those functions (Business Dictionary)
Referential Integrity Constraint
System of rules used to make sure that relationships between records in related tables are valid, and that they do not accidentally delete or change related data
Methodology
Systems of practices, techniques, procedures, and rules used by those who work in a discipline.
PMBOK
The PMBOK® Guide—Fifth Edition is the preeminent global standard for project management. It provides project managers with the fundamental practices needed to achieve organizational results and excellence in the practice of project management. ⦁ See Project Management Institute
Skill
The ability to do something well; expertise
Change
The act of transformation in response to a need
Submission
The action of presenting a proposal, application, or other document for consideration or judgment (Oxford Dictionaries)
Participation
The action of taking part in something (Oxford Dictionaries)
Collaboration
The action of working with someone to produce something (Oxford Dictionaries)
Outputs
The power, energy, or other results supplied by a device or system (Oxford Dictionaries
Plagiarism
The practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own (Oxford Dictionaries)
Scope
The sum of the products, services, and results to be provided as a project
Project Scope
The work performed to deliver a product, service, or result with the specified features and functions
Value
The worth, importance, or usefulness of something to a stakeholder within a context
MS Word
Word Processing Product
Work Package
Work defined at the lowest level of the WEB for which cost and duration can be estimated and managed
Project Management Institute
World's leading not‐for‐profit professional membership association for the project, program and portfolio management profession. PMI advances careers, improves organizational success and further matures the profession of project management through its globally recognized standards, certifications, resources, tools, academic research, publications, professional development courses, and networking opportunities.
Teaming Agreement
Written agreement binding members of a team to work cooperatively to deliver the best product
Relationship
[In MS Access, an] association between tables or queries that uses related fields and can be one‐to‐one, one‐to‐many, many‐to‐one, or many‐to‐man (Microsoft)
Rubric
a title or set of instructions written in a book, an exam paper, etc. (Oxford Dictionaries
Logistics
the things that must be done to plan and organize a complicated activity or event that involves many people (Merriam‐Webster)
Artifact
• An object made by a human being, typically one of cultural or historical interest (Oxford Dictionaries) • Something observed in a scientific investigation or experiment that is not naturally present but occurs as a result of the preparative or investigative procedure (Oxford Dictionaries
Acknowledgement
• Recognition or favorable notice of an act or achievement (Merriam‐Webster) • A letter confirming receipt of something (Oxford Dictionars)
Assessment
• The action of assessing someone or something (Oxford Dictionaries) • Evaluate or estimate the nature, ability, or quality of (Oxford Dictionaries
Schedules, Registers, Matrices
⦁ 2‐D arrays used to track a variety of project‐related information, like risks & issues, roles & responsibilities, stakeholders, change requests, etc. ⦁ Tools, frequently using MS Excel, used to track lists of people, activities, deliverables, etc
Team
⦁ A group of people with a full set of complementary skills required to complete a task, job, or project. ⦁ Team members ⦁ operate with a high degree of interdependence, ⦁ share authority and responsibility for self‐management, ⦁ are accountable for the collective performance, and (4) work toward a common goal and shared rewards(s). ⦁ A team becomes more than just a collection of people when a strong sense of mutual commitment creates synergy, thus generating performance greater than the sum of the performance of its individual members.
Business Strategy
⦁ A method or plan chosen to bring about a desired future, such as achievement of a goal or solution to a problem ⦁ The art and science of planning and marshalling resources for their most efficient and effective use. The term is derived from the Greek word for generalship or leading an army. See also tactics
Deliverable
⦁ A thing able to be provided, especially as a product of a development process ⦁ See Software Development Life Cycle ‐ Deliverable
Incentive
⦁ A thing that motivates or encourages someone to do something (Oxford Dictionaries) ⦁ A payment or concession to stimulate greater output or investment (Oxford Dictionaries)
Requirement
⦁ A usable representation of a need ⦁ A condition or capability that is required to be present in a product, service, or result to satisfy a contract or other formally imposed specification
Procedure
⦁ An established or official way of doing something ⦁ A series of actions conducted in a certain order or manner
As‐Is Artifacts/Documents
⦁ Artifacts and/or documents showing the state of an object before any changes are introduced ⦁ Process maps, requirements definitions, data models, etc. describing the system as it currently is; that is, as it exists at the beginning of the project
Prerequisite
A thing that is required as a prior condition for something else to happen or exist
Product
A [product], idea, method, information, object or service created as a result of a process and serves a need or satisfies a want. It has a combination of tangible and intangible attributes (benefits, features, functions, uses) that a seller offers a buyer for purchase. (Business Dictionary)
Communications Matrix
A collection of arrays capturing information about stakeholders, their relationship to a project and the means and methods the project team will use to communicate with each stakeholder, including: ⦁ Stakeholder Register ⦁ ARCI Matrix ⦁ Communications Goals/Methods
Information System
A combination of hardware, software, infrastructure and trained personnel organized to facilitate planning, control, coordination, and decision making in an organization.
Decision
A conclusion or resolution reached after consideration (Oxford Dictionaries)
Profit/Surplus
A financial gain, especially the difference between the amount earned and the amount spent in buying, operating, or producing something (Oxford Dictionaries)
Requirements Traceability Mat
A grid that links product requirements from their origin to the deliverables that satisfy them
Stakeholder
A group or individual with a relationship to the change, the need, or the solution
List
A number of connected items or names written or printed consecutively, typically one below the other (Oxford Dictionaries)
Convention
A way in which something is usually done, especially within a particular area or activity
Component
A part or element of a larger whole, especially a part of a machine or vehicle (Oxford Dictionaries)
Peer
A person of the same age, status, or ability as another specified person (Oxford Dictionaries
Attribute
A piece of information that determines the properties of a field or tag in a database or a string of characters in a display (Oxford Dictionaries)
Strategy
A plan of action or policy designed to achieve a major or overall aim (Oxford Dictionaries)
Proposal
A plan or suggestion, especially a formal or written one, put forward for consideration or discussion by others (Oxford Dictionaries)
Issue
A point or matter in question or in dispute, or a point or matter that is not settled and is under discussion or over which there are opposing views or disagreements (PMBOK)
Form
A printed [or electronic] document with blank spaces for information to be inserted (Oxford Dictionaries)
Need
A problem of opportunity to be addressed
Query
A query is an instruction to retrieve information that is in a set of row (MS Access supports select, parameter, action, crosstab and SQL‐specific queries) (Microsoft
Office Support Systems
A set of related computer programs and the data required to assist office staff in the performance of their normal duties (Oxford Dictionaries)
Decision Support Systems
A set of related computer programs and the data required to assist with analysis and decision‐making within an organization (Oxford Dictionaries)
Solution
A specific way of satisfying one or more needs in a context
Model
A system or thing used as an example to follow or imitate (Oxford Dictionaries
Assignment
A task or piece of work allocated to someone as part of a job or course of study (Oxford Dictionaries)
Stakeholder Analysis
A technique of systematically gathering and analyzing quantitative and qualitative information to determine whose interests should be taken into account throughout a project (PMBOK)
Project
A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result
Objective
A thing aimed at or sought (Oxford Dictionaries
Executive Information Systems
Abbreviated as EIS, Executive Information System is a reporting application targeted for use by executives (Webopedia)
Prioritization
Act of ranking requirements to determine their relative importance to stakeholders
ARCI/RACI Matrix/Diagram
Also know as a RACI Diagram or a Responsibility Assignment Matrix, the ARCI Matrix establishes clear ownership of project tasks by making 1 individual responsible for its successful completion and multiple individuals (perhaps) accountable to doing the work, available for consultation, and/or informed about progress
User Story
An Agile requirement, stated as a sentence or two of plain English
Resource
An economic or productive factor required to accomplish an activity, or as means to undertake an enterprise and achieve desired outcome. Three most basic resources are land, labor, and capital; other resources include energy, entrepreneurship, information, expertise, management, and time. (Business Dictionary)
Business
An organization or economic system where goods and services are exchanged for one another or for money. Every business requires some form of investment and enough customers to whom its output can be sold on a consistent basis in order to make a profit. Businesses can be privately owned, not‐for‐profit or state‐owned.
Project Management Office (
An organizational structure that standardizes the project‐related governance processes and facilitates the sharing of resources, methodologies, tools and techniques (PMBOK) ⦁ Organization authorized to expend resources to define & enforce project standards ⦁ Frequently given authority to approve project expenditures up to a certain amount
Syllabus
An outline of the subjects in a course of study or teaching (Oxford Dictio
Schedule
An output of a schedule model that presents linked activities with planned dates, durations, milestones and resources (PMBOK)
Risk
An uncertain event or condition that, if it occurs, has a positive or negative effect on one or more project objectives ⦁ Negative risks may be Avoided, Transferred, Mitigated and/or Accepted ⦁ Positive risks may be Exploited, Enhanced, Shared and/or Accepted (PMBOK)
Entity
Any singular, identifiable and separate object [and may refer] to individuals, organizations, systems, bits of data or even distinct system components that are considered significant in and of themselves (tecopedia)
Property
Applies to a particular field in a table and defines one of the field's characteristics or an aspect of the field's behavior (Microsoft)
Lean Canvas
Ash Maurya's adaptation of Alexander Osterwalder's Business Model Canvas providing a 1‐ page summary of the critical features of a business
Skills Assessment
Assessment of individual skills (self‐based)
Exam
Assessments based on formal examinations of the material presented
Deliverable‐based Assessment
Assessments based on project deliverables (Client Project)
Macro
Automated input sequence that imitates keystrokes or mouse actions
Functional Requirement
Capability that a solution must have in terms of the behavior and information the solution will manage
Probability & Impact Matrix
Grid for mapping the probability of each risk occurrence and its impact on project ovjectives if that risk occurs
Requirements Attribute
Characteristic or property of a requirement used to assist with requirements management
Log
Chronological record of an activity or event
SDLC Phase: Analyze
Client requirements are elicited, documented, verified & prioritized
SDLC Phase: Accept
Client tests that the product performs as designed and agrees to move the product into production
MS Office 365
Cloud offering of MS Office products plus storage
Requirements Artifact
Contains information about requirements such as a diagra, matrix, document or model
Table
Database object used to store data about a particular subject [which] consists of records and fields (Microsoft)
Risk Appetite
Degree of uncertainty an entity is willing to take on an in anticipation of a reward
Risk Tolerance
Degreee, amount, or volume of risk that an organizaiton or individual will withstand
Work Product
Deliverable or outcome (such as a training course or a building) that must be produced to complete a project and achieve its objectives (Business Dictionary)
MS Access
Departmental and Small Business DBMS
Logical Data Model
Describes the data in as much detail as possible, without regard to how they will be physically implemented in the database. Features of a logical data model include: ⦁ Includes all entities and relationships among them. ⦁ All attributes for each entity are specified. ⦁ The primary key for each entity is specified. ⦁ Foreign keys (keys identifying the relationship between different entities) are specified. ⦁ Normalization occurs at this level.
Business Model
Description of means and methods a firm employs to earn the revenue projected in its plans. It views the business as a system and answers the question, "How are we going to make money to survive and grow?" Types For‐Profit ⦁ Organizations providing services with no intention of accruing a surplus of revenue over expense Not‐for‐Profit ⦁ Organizations with the expressed intention of delivering products and services at a price that exceeds the cost of goods sold Public Sector Organizations charted to act on behalf of the state
Communications Goals/Metho
Description of the goals of stakeholder communications and the means & methods by which those goals will be accomplished
PMI Standards
Developed under a process based on the concepts of consensus, openness, due process, and balance, PMI standards provide guidelines for achieving specific project, program and portfolio management results.
Context Diagram
Diagram showing the system under consideration as a single high‐level process and the relationship that the system has with other external entities (systems, organizational groups, external data stores, etc.)
MS Visio
Diagramming and vector graphics application and is part of the Microsoft Office family (Wikipedia
Normalization
Dividing data between two or more tables and then defining relationships between the tables{}The purpose of normalization is to isolate data so that additions, deletions, and modifications can be made in one table{}The additions, deletions, and modifications are then propagated through the rest of the database by using defined relationships.{}The different stages of normalization are referred to as normal forms. (Microsoft)
Charter
Document defining the scope of an undertaking and authorizing a designated project manager to expend organization resources to achieve its goals & objective
Project Management Plan
Document that describes how the project will be executed, monitored, and controlled See Communications Matrix See Risks/Issues Register See Scope Baseline See Work Plan and Gantt Chart
Work Breakdown Structure Dic
Document that provides detailed deliverable, activity and scheduling information about each component in the WBS (PMBOK)
User Requirements Document
Document that specifies what the user expects the software to be able to do and frequently consists of: ⦁ As‐Is Artifacts/Documents (see As‐Is Artifacts) ⦁ Conceptual Data Model (see Conceptual Data Model) ⦁ Requirements Traceability Matrix (see Requirements Traceability Matrix
Standard
Document, established by consensus and approved by a recognized body, which provides for common and repeated use, rules, guidelines or characteristics for activities or their results, aimed at the achievement of the optimum degree of order in a given context (PMBOK)
Elicit(ation)
Evoke or draw out (a reaction, answer, or fact) from someone (Oxford Dictionaries)
Change Requests
Formal stakeholder request for a change in the scope of a project
Flowchart
Formalized graphic representation of a logic sequence, work or manufacturing process, organization chart, or similar formalized structure. The purpose of a flow chart is to provide people with a common language or reference point when dealing with a project or process.
Microsoft (MS)
Founded in 1975 by Bill Gates and Paul Allen, Microsoft is a multinational computer technology corporation with the expressed mission to "Empower every person and every organization on the planet to achieve more"
Risk Category
Group of potential causes of risk
Work Breakdown Structure
Hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work to be carried out by the project team to accomplish the project objectives and create the required deliverables (PMBOK)
Requirements Traceability
Identifies and documents the lineage of each requirement
Conceptual Data Model
Identifies the highest‐level relationships between the different entities. Features of conceptual data model include: ⦁ Includes the important entities and the relationships among them. ⦁ No attribute is specified. ⦁ No primary key is specified.
Visual Basic for Applications
Implementation of Microsoft's event‐driven programming language, Visual Basic, and its associated integrated development environment (IDE)
Assessment Project
In CIS2334, the Assessment Project is used during all formal exams to assess the student's understanding of project work and deliverables
Objects
In MS Access, includes Tables, Queries, Forms and Reports
Switchboard
In MS Access, programmable, multi‐tiered system of buttons for making product functions and features selectable by the end user
Project Team
In the context of CIS2334, responsible for working with a real client to develop a real solution to a real problem by building a MS Access application meeting the minimum Project Requirements
Technical Forum
In the context of CIS2334, the members of a Technical Forum are responsible for working together to research, share information & solve complex problems in a particular field of study (specifically, there is a field of study associated with each of the defined Project Team Roles
Revenue
Income, especially when of a company or organization and of a substantial nature. A state's annual income from which public expenses are met (Oxford Dictionaries)
International Institute of Busin
Independent non‐profit professional association serving the growing field of business analysis (iiba.org)
End‐User
Individual(s) who interact with a software application
Project Manager
Individuals authorized to expend resources required to complete an approved project
Authorizing Agents
Individuals with authority to expend organizational resources; typically, PMs, PMOs & Sponsors
SDLC Phase: Define
Initial work is undertaken to better understand the viability of a proposed project
SDLC Phase: Test
Integration, systems, security, etc. tests are conducted and defects are identified and corrected
Structured Query Language (S
International standard for database manipulation
Chen, Peter
Inventor of the Relational Model
Chamberlin, Donald and Boyce
Inventors of SQL
Relational Model
Method of structuring data using relations, which are grid‐like mathematical structures consisting of columns and rows ⦁ See Entity ⦁ See Functional Dependency ⦁ See Join, Inner Join, Outer Join ⦁ See Normalizastion ⦁ See Relation ⦁ See Codd, E.F.
HTML Editing
Modifying the hypertext markup language used to define the way web pages are rendered
SDLC Phase: Support
New versions & requested enhancements are developed and integrated into the product
MS Office
Office productivity suite
Functional Dependency
Relationship that exists when one attribute uniquely determines another attribute ⦁ Serves as a constraint between two sets of attributes ⦁ Important part of relational database design and contributes to normalization
Requirements Management
Planning, executing, monitoring, and controlling any or all of the work associated with requirements elicitation and collaboration, requirements analysis and design, and requirements life cycle management
Appropriate Use
Policy adopted by the University of Houston governing the proper use of University owned or supplied computer equipment
MS PowerPoint
Presentation Product
Report
Presents the data from a table or from a query in a preformatted and useful manner (Microsoft)
Publish
Print (something) in a book or journal so as to make it generally known (Oxford Dictionaries
Decomposition (Functional)
Process of taking a complex process and breaking it down into its smaller, simpler parts. ⦁ Breakdown of a list of items into classifications or groups on the basis of the function each item performs or is used for
Change Management Process
Process used to plan, organize & control changes in project scope
Maintenance
Processes used to ensure that a software prodcut continues to perform as designed
SDLC Phase: Design
Product functions & features are formalized, documented & verified
SDLC Phase: Build
Product is built & unit tested
SDLC Phase: Deploy
Product is transitioned from a development/testing environment into a production environment
MS Project
Project management software program developed and sold by Microsoft, which is designed to assist a project manager in developing a plan, assigning resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads (Wikipedia)
SDLC Phase: Plan
Project obtains a clear & unambiguous scope; time, resources & costs are estimated; and the team's approach to managing & controlling all work is formalized
Acceptable Use
See Appropriate Use
Grading
See Assessment
Functional Decomposition
See Decomposition
IS
See Information System
PMI & PMI CERTIFICATIONS
See Project Management Institute
PMO
See Project Management Office
Software Development Life Cycle
See SDLC
Acceptance Phase
See SDLC Phase: Accept
Build Phase
See SDLC Phase: Build
Construction Phase
See SDLC Phase: Build
Definition Phase
See SDLC Phase: Define
Deployment
See SDLC Phase: Deploy
Deployment Phase
See SDLC Phase: Deploy
Planning Phase
See SDLC Phase: Planning
Support Phase
See SDLC Phase: Support
Matrix, Matrices
See Schedules, Registers, Matrices & Logs
Register
See Schedules, Registers, Matrices & Logs
Forum
See Teams - Technical Forum
WBS Dictionary
See Work Breakdown Structure Dictionary
Scheduling
See Work Plan
Process Model
Set of diagrams and supporting information about a process and factors that could influence the process
Database Management System
Software that handles the storage, retrieval, and updating of data in a computer system (Oxford Dictionaries)
Template
Something that serves as a model for others to copy
MS Excel
Spreadsheet Product
Context
The circumstances that influence, are influenced by, and provide understanding of the change
Statement of Scope
The description of the project scope, major deliverables, assumptions & constraints (PMBOK)
Product Scope
The features and functions that characterize a product, service, or result
Inputs
The information put into a computer [or system] (Oxford Dictionari
Peer Evaluation
The making of a judgment about the amount, number, or value of something; assessment
Import/Export
To bring data into or take data out of a DBMS
Approve Requirements
To obtain agreement on and approvla of requirements and designs for business analysis work to continue and/or solution construction to proceed
Data Flow Diagram
Two‐dimensional diagram that explains how data is processed and transferred in a system (Business Dictionary)
Non‐Functional Requirement
Type of requirement that describes the performance or quality attributes a solution must meet
Transaction Processing System
⦁ Automated systems used to capture and report on business transactions (sales/purchases, hires/terminations, capital expenditures, etc.) ⦁ Different systems may record different types of transaction ⦁ Order Entry systems typically capture new orders and sales ⦁ Accounts Receivable records sales for which the company will be paid at a later date ⦁ Accounts Payable systems record purchases that will be paid at a later date ⦁ Payroll systems record employee salary & expense transactions
BABOK
⦁ Business Analysis Body of Knowledge: essential standard to help practitioners and their stakeholders deliver business value and create better business outcomes (iiba.org) ⦁ See International Institute of Business Analysis
Gantt Chart
⦁ Commonly used in project management, is one of the most popular and useful ways of showing activities (tasks or events) displayed against time (Gantt) ⦁ Scheduling chart which relates tasks & durations to a timeline
Information
⦁ Data that is (1) accurate and timely, (2) specific and organized for a purpose, (3) presented within a context that gives it meaning and relevance, and (4) can lead to an increase in understanding and decrease in uncertainty. ⦁ Information is valuable because it can affect behavior, a decision, or an outcome. For example, if a manager is told his/her company's net profit decreased in the past month, he/she may use this information as a reason to cut financial spending for the next month. A piece of information is considered valueless if, after receiving it, things remain unchanged. For a technical definition of information see information theory. (Business Dictionary
Use Case
⦁ Defines interactions between external actors and the system to attain particular goals and includes three basic elements: ⦁ Actors (types of users) ⦁ System (application with which the actors interact) ⦁ Goals (intended outcome of the actor interaction with the system)
Work Plan
⦁ Detailed accounting of how an individual or group proposes going about accomplishing a specific task, approaching a project or pitching a new business concept (Small Business by Diamond Media) ⦁ Ordered listing of all activities required to accomplish an objective ⦁ See MS Project
SDLC
⦁ Framework defining tasks performed at each step in the software development process ⦁ Term used in systems engineering ... and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system
Honest
⦁ Free of deceit; truthful and sincere ⦁ Morally correct or virtuous ⦁ Fairly earned, especially through hard work
Data
⦁ Information in raw or unorganized form (such as alphabets, numbers, or symbols) that refer to, or represent, conditions, ideas, or objects. Data is limitless and present everywhere in the universe. See also information and knowledge. ⦁ Computers: Symbols or signals that are input, stored, and processed by a computer, for output as usable information. (Business Dictionary)
Expense
⦁ Money spent or cost incurred in an organization's efforts to generate revenue, representing the cost of doing business. ⦁ Expenses may be in the form of actual cash payments (such as wages and salaries), a computed expired portion (depreciation) of an asset, or an amount taken out of earnings (such as bad debts)
Sponsor
⦁ Person or group who provides resources and support for the project, program, or portfolio and is accountable for enabling success (PMBOK) ⦁ Individuals authorized to expend resources to complete projects for which they have responsibility up to a certain amount approved by senior management or a capital committee
Business Analysis
⦁ Practice of enabling change in the context of an enterprise by defining needs and recommending solutions that deliver value to stakeholders ⦁ Investigation into the operations of a business to expose the causes behind the results achieved, and the effects of those results on the business
Stakeholder Register
⦁ Project document including the identification, assessment, and classification of project stakeholders (PMBOK) ⦁ Listing of all project stakeholders along with positions, roles, contact information, etc.
As‐Is
⦁ Simulation that represents the current situation as it is, without incorporating any changes or improvements ⦁ See also To‐Be model
Activity
⦁ Smallest unit of work having four characteristics: (1) definite duration, (2) logic relationships with other activities in the project, (3) resource consumption, and (4) an associated cost. Often used as an alternative term for task (Business Dictionary) ⦁ See PM Plan ‐ Scheduling
Process
⦁ Systematic series of activities directed toward causing an end result such that one or more inputs will be acted upon to create one or more outputs ⦁ Set of activities designed to accomplish a specific objective by taking one or more defined inputs and turning them into defined outputs
Scope Baseline
⦁ The approved version of a scope statement, work breakdown structure, and its associated WBS dictionary, that can be changed only through formal change control procedures and is used as a basis for comparison Statement of Scope (See Statement of Scope) WBS (See Work Breakdown Structure) WBS Dictionary (See WBS Dictionary)
Team Dynamics
⦁ The behavioral relationships between members of a group that are assigned connected tasks within a company. Dynamics are affected by roles and responsibilities and have a direct result on productivity. ⦁ A group of people with a set of complementary skills tasked with completing developing a Microsoft Access database application for a 'real' client
Goal
⦁ The object of a person's ambition or effort; an aim or desired result (Oxford Dictionaries) ⦁ Desired future state of being
Management
⦁ The process of dealing with or controlling things or people (Oxford Dictionaries) ⦁ The people managing a company or organization, regarded collectively (Oxford Dictionaries) ⦁ The responsibility for and control of a company or organization (Oxford Dictionaries
Risks & Issues Register
⦁ Typically, projects will track risks and issues separately ⦁ For our purposes, because they are similar, I have combined the two into a single register (see Risks & Issues template) ⦁ Risk & Issues Register tracks risks & issues and includes a unique ID, Name/Title, Brief Description, Date Added, Priority, Owner, Mitigation Strategy (for risks), Data Activated, Resolution, Date Closed