INFSYS MOD2 Cybersecurity

Who performs probable maximum loss calculations?

A company's cybersecurity analysts

To get to the bottom of the odd computer problems she was having, Priya listed these symptoms: files mysteriously disappearing, system configurations unexpectedly altered, and two icons showing up for applications she did not download. What malware could have been installed on Priya's computer?

A rootkit

What is the correct definition of a cybersecurity exploit?

A tool or technique for taking advantage of a cybersecurity vulnerability to break into a system and cause harm.

When employers deactivate former employees' username and passwords, they are using which tool that ensures confidentiality? More than one answer may be correct.

Access control Authentication

Which of the following are areas covered by state-specific cybersecurity laws? More than one answer may be correct

Addressing security needs of smart devices. Ensuring state and local governments are protected from cybersecurity threats. Protecting elections from cyber threats.

From the following list, select all the examples of internal threats to cybersecurity.

An attack by an authorized user The leakage of sensitive information An accidental erasure of data

Which of the following statements explain why a computer virus is so named? More than one answer may be correct.

An invaded computer inadvertently plays host to the malware. Computer viruses have the ability to reproduce themselves within a system.

Who are the prime targets of MitM attacks? More than one answer may be correct.

Anyone who logs in to shop online Anyone who uses online financial applications Software as a source (SaaS) businesses

Which of the following is an example of data in transit? More than one answer may be correct.

At home, a person sends a photo taken on their smartphone to display on their smart TV. A person uses an app on their smartphone to check their bank balance.

Select all options that describe the goals of the Respond (RS) function of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework.

Be able to quickly analyze a detected cybersecurity issue Establish procedures that enable action in the event of a cybersecurity incident Be prepared to swiftly mitigate harm caused by a cybersecurity event

______ are cybersecurity breaches that make a computer or online service unavailable to its users.

DDOS attacks

Which of the following are reasons why states are making cybersecurity measures a high priority? More than one answer may be correct.

Data and technology continue to be at risk from cyber threats. New technologies continue to advance at a rapid rate.

What is the "DE" function in the National Institute of Standards Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework?

Detect function

Which of the following is an example of a task that might be completed during the planning stage of the plan-protect-respond cycle? More than one answer may be correct.

Determine the degree of vulnerability that exists. Having an authorized user attempt to hack into the system to determine vulnerabilities. Determine what security flaws exist.

Remote employees of a corporation are required to log into their company's virtual private network (VPN) before accessing files on the corporation's shared drive where corporate data are unreadable to unauthorized users. This is an example of which of the following tools that ensure confidentiality? More than one answer may be correct.

Encryption Authentication Access control

What is the goal of the protect stage in the plan-protect-respond cycle? More than one answer may be correct.

Ensure uninterrupted delivery of vital services. Limit the impact of a security breach.

Select all options that describe the goals of the National Institute of Standards Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework.

Help organizations develop appropriate policies and procedures to mitigate data breaches Give guidance to organizations who wish to understand potential security breaches Create an atmosphere where organizations can effectively discuss cybersecurity risks internally and with those outside of the organization

Which function of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework involves an organization gaining deeper understanding of cybersecurity management in the context of their business needs and resources?

Identify (ID) function

Which of the following are considered cybersecurity breaches? More than one option may be correct.

Impersonation Distributed Denial of Service (DDOS) Viruses Spyware

The five categories of the Respond (RS) function of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework include planning, analysis, and mitigation. From the list below, select the remaining two categories.

Improvements to cybersecurity response plans Communication

Which of the following are assets that can be impacted by a cybersecurity threat? Select all the correct options.

Information Software Hardware

How does a rootkit pose a cybersecurity threat? More than one answer may be correct.

Installed on a computer's operating system, a rootkit bypasses security functions. A range of malicious actions is possible because the invader has the same access as the computer's owner or user.

Which of the following is prohibited by the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act? More than one answer may be correct

Intentionally destroying a computer Cyber blackmail

Which of the following surveillance technologies relies on how data are entered into a system?

Keyloggers

Select all options that describe standards set forth by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) for compliance by companies who handle individuals' data.

Make collected data anonymous Notify citizens of data breaches Hire a data protection officer

Which of the following statements refer to programs known as spiders, web crawlers, and bots? More than one answer may be correct.

Malicious bots create security risks by compromising a user's control of the computer. "Good bots" have diverse functions and do not pose security risks. Internet robots are used for both legitimate and malicious purposes.

Applying for credit or even a mortgage online is a straightforward process. After creating an account with a unique user name and password, a customer reads a privacy statement, reviews the security policy, and accepts the terms of use. Then they proceed to log in and fill out an application, answering detailed questions about household income, employment, and more. What cybersecurity risk is particularly relevant to this process?

Man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack

From the following list, select all types of events and conditions that are considered cybersecurity threats.

Misuse or abuse of IT assets Intentional events Errors, weaknesses, or defects in IT assets Unintentional, accidental, and incidental events Failure of IT assets

Where are data in transit found?

On a cellular network

Which of the following is an example of an event that may occur during the protect stage of the plan-protect-respond cycle? More than one answer may be correct.

Perform routine maintenance on organizational resources. Determine levels of access control. Require all employees to attend training that outlines the different types of security threats their organization faces.

Which of these defining components mitigate cybersecurity threats? Select all the correct options.

Policies and procedures used to protect systems and data. Policies, tools, and strategies used to reduce damage from threats. Security tools and oversight used to identify security threats.

Which function of the National Institute of Standards Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework involves an organization analyzing cybersecurity risk and reducing potential damage to IT infrastructures?

Protect (PR) function

Malware that encrypts the victims data files and then demands that a payment is made to the hacker is called

Ransomware

Which of these threats to cybersecurity can only come from an external source?

Ransomware

From the following list, select all types of cybersecurity vulnerabilities.

Security weaknesses in an operating system or application software Weaknesses or flaws in system security control Weaknesses or flaws in a system's security design Weaknesses or flaws in system security implementation Weaknesses in system security procedures

Which of the following browsing situations may reveal that adware is at work? More than one answer may be correct.

Shortly after you buy and download a writing enhancement program, you begin seeing ads for special keyboards, styluses, and other assistive technology. In searching the term database management, the first item you see in the results list is an ad for a particular online database. You have been looking for a new winter coat, and three out of five ads popping up on your browser currently show the type of coat you have been considering.

Why is MitMo a growing security risk? More than one answer may be correct.

Smartphones and other mobile devices are everywhere. People use mobile devices in many of the same ways they use computers.

Which of the following statements accurately describes spyware? More than one answer may be correct.

Spyware captures private information by monitoring how users interact online. Downloading software or documents from unvetted sources is one way spyware can be installed.

What is the National Institute of Standards Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework?

The NIST Cybersecurity Framework is a voluntary guide that helps organizations understand and protect themselves against cybersecurity risks.

Accessing the communications of an organization without authorization was made a criminal violation by which federal cybersecurity law?

The Stored Communications Act

For a cybersecurity plan to succeed, which of the following must remain confidential? Select all correct answer options.

The logins and passwords of authorized users Private or sensitive data and information The organization's digital or computer systems

Members of a project team at a mid-size company are trained in online safety, and their network is protected by a firewall. But the worst-case scenario has happened: a competitor has obtained protected information, possibly directly from a member's computer. George, the firm's system manager, sees some evidence of a Trojan horse that was engineered to steal passwords. What first steps should he and his security team take to uncover the source? More than one answer may be correct.

They should comb through e-mails with an eye to a message with a clickable link. The security team should examine everyone's activity log, looking for any downloaded files or programs.

What is the goal of the planning phase of the plan-protect-respond cycle?

Understand the steps needed to design effective information security architecture.

What is the overall goal of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?

To ensure EU companies protect the privacy and personal data of EU citizens

Suppose an organization's system is vulnerable to losing information because its automated backup of data is insufficient or substandard. This type of cybersecurity vulnerability is ______.

a weakness in application software

The purpose of spyware is to ______.

capture the user's account data, passwords, key strokes, and more

The essential function of malicious bots is to ______.

control an individual computer by self-replicating and connecting to a central server

A Trojan horse achieves its purposes through ______.

deceptive access

Ransomware basically holds a target hostage because it ___ .

encrypts the victim's data

The main characteristics that define cybersecurity threats are ______.

events that can lead to IT asset loss, conditions that can lead to IT asset loss, and the consequences of such loss

The term "cybersecurity threat mitigation" refers to all of the policies, procedures, and tools used to ______.

guard against threats such as security incidents, data breaches, and unauthorized network access, and reduce any harm they cause

In cybersecurity, the probable maximum loss (PML) is used to______.

help determine spending needed to adequately secure an organization's IT infrastructure

The goal of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework Protect (PR) function is to ______.

help protect an organization's IT infrastructure from security breaches by offering guidelines on IT infrastructure protection

The need to keep sensitive data, information, and systems confidential ______.

is both a major goal and a requirement for cybersecurity

The cybersecurity risks known as Man-in-the-mobile (MitMo) are realized when ______.

malware infects smartphones and other mobile devices

A computer virus is______.

malware that, when executed, adversely affects performance or damages programs

Adware specifically functions to ______.

present advertisements to users based on their browsing behaviors

A keylogger can be accurately described as ______.

technology that captures keyboard input on several types of devices to glean confidential information

A cybersecurity exploit is ______.

the means by which a hacker capitalizes on a cybersecurity vulnerability to gain access to and harm a system

The Identify (ID) function of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework focuses on organizational______.

understanding of how to manage cybersecurity risks