Instruments Part III

Define Approach Control Facility

- A terminal ATC facility that provides approach control in a terminal area - Air traffic control service provided by an approach control facility for arriving and departing VFR/IFR aircraft and, on occasion, en route aircraft

Current departure weather conditions may be obtained through:

- ATIS (Automatic Terminal Information System) - Ground Control - AWOS or ASOS (Automated Weather/Surface Observing Station) - Control Tower

What does AR 95-1 say about the use of Dual Minimum VOR's?

- Army Aviators are allowed to use dual VOR minima, even if the aircraft is equipped with only one VOR receiver - Off-tuning from the approach NAVAID is authorized

*You are located at Dothan Rgnl airport planning a flight from Dothan (KDHN) to Enterprise (KEDN)* Upon arrival IFR at KEDN what would be the minimum ceiling and visibility that would allow you to initiate the VOR approach?

0 - 0

What does AR 95-1 say about Arrival Procedures?

1) Acceptance of a charted approach clearance is not mandatory 2) Only an approved procedure will be flown 3) An approach may be initiated or continued regardless of ceiling and visibility

*You are located at Dothan Rgnl airport planning a flight from Dothan (KDHN) to Enterprise (KEDN)* Who is your first source for obtaining a weather brief for your destination, KEDN? Phone Number?

26th OWS 866-223-9328 (found in the FIH pg C-3)

*You are located at Dothan Rgnl airport planning a flight from Dothan (KDHN) to Enterprise (KEDN)* What minimum rate of climb should you maintain until reaching the altitude calculated in the last question at 90 knots ground speed?

300 FPM (use E6B 90 kts g/s, 200 FPNM= 300 FPM)

*Use Figure 2 on PE Lost Commo Situation: "You are on an IFR flight from Dothan to Tallahassee. You are cleared direct RRS, V-7, SZW, climb and maintain 3000, expect 4000 at OALDY intersection"* If commo is lost 2 miles prior to OALDY and you are IMC, what altitudes would you fly for the remainder of the flight?

3000' until OALDY then 4000'

*You are located at Dothan Rgnl airport planning a flight from Dothan (KDHN) to Enterprise (KEDN)* What would be the minimum ceiling and visibility at ETA plus 1 hour to file IFR to KEDN?

500 - 1/2 for VOR, and 300 - 1/2 for GPS

*You are located at Dothan Rgnl airport planning a flight from Dothan (KDHN) to Enterprise (KEDN)* What minimum ceiling and visibility must exist at Cairns AAF, (KOZR), to allow you to use KOZR as an alternate?

600 - 1 1/4 if planning for the ILS RWY 6

You are at Crestview (Bob Sikes KCEW) with a mission to Pensacola INTL (KPNS). After climb out and reporting passing CEW (Crestview VORTAC), you have lost commo. What instrument approach can you expect?

Any approach at the destination airport

*Use figure 1 on PE for ATC Facilities and Clearances* Which ATC facility would you call to request your IFR clearance at the airport shown on the figure?

Clearance Delivery

What is the tower at high density airports used to relay ATC instructions to aircraft?

Clearance Delivery

On your 175 flight plan, the ETE is 0+40. The current time at takeoff is 1200Z. You arrive at your IAF, PENSI 1338, two minutes before your ETE. Do you continue to the destination or hold? What if you arrive at PENSI at 1225Z?

Continue because you are within 2 minutes of the ETE; Hold at the IAF as close to the ETE as possible

What is the only ATC facility that can clear you for takeoff and landing?

Control Tower

*Houston Center acknowledges your call with "Roger 12345 the local altimeter 30.01". You acknowledge Houston* When is your next call due?

Eaton VORTAC

*You are now located at Defuniak Springs, FL with a static display and are tasked with taking the Aircraft to Hattiesburg Laurel Rgnl (KPIB)* What is the name of the ATC facility to which you are to call for a clearance?

Eglin RAPCON

All airfields in the DOD FLIP that have a "tower" also have a clearance delivery service established to handle IFR clearances. True or False?

False, only at many busy airports

*Use figure 1 on PE for ATC Facilities and Clearances* Hover/Taxi instructions are received from JAX Approach Control because they have radar. True or False?

False, receive it from Ground Control

What is the required information to be transmitted to approach control when you execute a missed approach?

Report approach has been missed and request clearance for a specific action; i.e. to an alternate airport, another approach, etc

*Refer to Figure 1 in PE Lost Commo* You have lost commo West of Pensacola NAS. What NAVAID could you possibly tune in for ATC instruction?

Saufley VOR

What is the single most important precept in pilot-controller communications?

Understanding

a. What is the lost commo procedure when the clearance limit is NOT a fix from which an approach begins? b. What are your actions if an EFC time has not yet been received?

a. Leave the clearance limit at the EFC time if one has been received b. Proceed to a fix from which an approach begins and commence descent and approach as close as possible to the ETA as calculated from the filed flight plan or as amended with ATC

What altitudes could be used as the minimum IFR altitude?

a. MEA b. MSA c. Feeder route altitude d. MOCA e. OROCA

What publication would you use to complete a DD for 175 flight plan?

GP chapter 4

*Use figure 2 on PE for ATC Facilities and Clearances* What is the name of the ATC facility you would contact at Marianna Municipal to report hazards weather?

Gainesville FSS

In any case of lost commo, what are pilots expected to exercise?

Good Pilot Judgement

What is the abbreviation for the fuel required for an IFR flight?

R- Run-up E- En-route A- Approach R- Reserve (30 minutes) A- Alternate (if needed)

What does AR 95-1 say about Destination Weather Planning?

- Destination weather must be forecast to be equal or greater than the published weather planning minimums for the approach procedure to be flown at ETA through 1 hour after ETA - Use Weather Forecast (Terminal Area Forecast (TAF)) -Published Weather Planning Minimums: a) Helicopters may reduce Destination and Alternate CAT A vis minimums by 50% but not less than 1/4 miles b) Vis reduction of COPTER approaches is not authorized c) Vis reduction of approaches labeled "Visibility Reduction NA" is Not Authorized - Adjust planning minimums for INOP components - Area forecast (use when TAF is unavailable)

How do you determine if non-standard takeoff procedures are applicable to your departure aerodrome?

- Refer to the TLA Table of Contents - Look for the "T negative Symbology" symbol in Pilot Briefing Section of IAP chart

What does AR 95-1 say about weather briefings?

- Weather information will be obtained from a U.S. military weather facility - Weather forecasts will be void 1 hour and 30 minutes after weather briefing time if aircraft has not departed - The crew SHOULD update weather briefing information on stopover flights

Write the information required to be reported when reaching a holding fix or point to which cleared when not in radar contact.

Aircraft ID, Time, Altitude reaching fix or point to which is cleared

What is the VFR exception per AR 95-1 and how do you calculate?

1) An airfield may be selected as an alternate when the worst weather condition for that airfield is forecast for ETA through one hour after ETA to be equal or greater than 2) The VFR minimums and descent from en route minimum altitude for IFR operation, approach, and landing can be made in VFR conditions (Allows an approach to be used as an alternate, even if the alternate airfield selection requirements cannot be met) How to calculate? 1. Identify MIA or MEA 2. Subtract airport elevation 3. Add the VFR cloud clearance (below) 4. Round up to the next 100 feet

To operate an aircraft in controlled airspace under Instrument Flight Rules, you must have what?

1) Filed an IFR Flight Plan 2) Received appropriate ATC clearance

Arrange in proper sequence the full IFR position report that you would make. (FIH pg. B-6)

1. Facility ID (ATC DEP/CTR) 2. ID A/C 3. Position 4. Time 5. Altitude 6. Estimate to next compulsory reporting point. If a compulsory reporting point exists 7. Name of succeeding compulsory reporting point. If a compulsory point exists 8. Pertinent remarks

Arrange the following in the proper sequence for a Full IFR position report. You are at Marianna en-route to Lowe AHP via direct Wiregrass, direct Cairns, landing Lowe. a)R12345 b) Estimating Wiregrass at 1255 c) 5000 d) Jacksonville Center e) Marianna f) Cairns g) 1235 (time) h) Landing, Lowe, AHP

1. Jacksonville Center 2. R12345 3. Marianna 4. 1235 (time) 5. 5,000 6. Estimating Wiregrass at 1255 7. Cairns 8. Landing, Lowe, AHP

What minimum altitudes would you fly during lost commo?

1. Last assigned 2. Minimum altitude for IFR along route 3. Last expected

*You are located at Dothan Rgnl airport planning a flight from Dothan (KDHN) to Enterprise (KEDN)* What are your take-off minimums for departure at KDHN?

100 - 1/4

What is the transponder code used during VFR flight unless directed otherwise by ATC?

1200

*You are located at Dothan Rgnl airport planning a flight from Dothan (KDHN) to Enterprise (KEDN)* Using only the VOR RWY 5 IAP, what minimum ceiling and visibility would allow you to file IFR to KEDN and not need an alternate?

2200 - 3 (VFR option using the feeder route MEA)

*You are located at Dothan Rgnl airport planning a flight from Dothan (KDHN) to Enterprise (KEDN)* On departure from KDHN when should you normally turn from your takeoff heading?

710 ft MSL (400' AGL + airport elevation)

What is the proper transponder code for a situation where communications are lost?

7600

What is the transponder code used to indicate two-way radio failure?

7600

What is the transponder code used to indicate an emergency?

7700

*Use figure 1 on PE for ATC Facilities and Clearances* What are the two ways you can receive terminal information for JAX (while on the ground)?

ATIS and Jacksonville Approach Control

What is the facility established to provide air traffic control service to aircraft operating on IFR flight plans within controlled airspace and principally during the en route phase of flight?

Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC)

What are the items of your initial call to Departure Control upon takeoff from Cairns (KOZR)?

Aircraft ID and Altitude

You make your initial contact to Eglin and they respond with: "R12345 Roger Radar Contact off Defuniak Springs climb and maintain 6000 contact Jacksonville Center upon reaching 6000". What does your initial contact to Jacksonville Center consist of?

Aircraft ID, Altitude

*Your instructions from ATC: "Army 12345 cleared to Hattiesburg Laurel Rgnl (KPIB) Direct Crestview VORTAC, V241, Semmes VORTAC, V552, Mindo Intersection, V114, Eaton VORTAC, climb and maintain 4000. Contact Eglin Approach on 124.05, Squawk 2134."* What does your initial call consist of on climb out?

Aircraft ID, Position, Altitude, Name of and ETA to next reporting point

Ref question before: A short time later, Cairns Departure says, R12345 Contact Montgomery Approach Control 127.6. What would your initial contact to Montgomery consist of?

Aircraft ID, Position, Altitude, Name of and ETA to next reporting point

*Use figure 3 on PE for ATC Facilities and Clearances* What is the name of the ATC facility you would receive your IFR clearance from at Dothan Airport (DHN)?

Dothan Ground Control

What are the air traffic facilities which provide pilot briefing, en route communications and VFR search and rescue services, assist lost aircraft and aircraft in emergency situations, relay ATC clearances, originate notices to airmen, broadcast aviation weather and NAS information, receive and process IFR flight plans, and monitor NAVAIDS?

FAA Flight Service Stations (FSS)

*Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 on PE IFR Communications. Situation: In the upper left queadrant of Figure 1 is Hattiesburg Laurel Rgnl (KPIB), just North of Eaton VORTAC. You have been there all weekend on static display and you are now preparing a flight to Stennis Intl.* What Flight Service Station operates in the same area?

Greenwood

*Use the IFR Supplement for questions 18 and 19* Which ATC facility could a flight plan be filed with?

Greenwood FSS

*Use figure 1 on PE for ATC Facilities and Clearances* If clearance delivery is not operational, which is the next logical choice of ATC facility at JAX to call for your IFR clearances?

Ground Control

Who do you contact for clearance if Clearance Delivery is unavailable?

Ground Control

*Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 on PE IFR Communications. Situation: In the upper left queadrant of Figure 1 is Hattiesburg Laurel Rgnl (KPIB), just North of Eaton VORTAC. You have been there all weekend on static display and you are now preparing a flight to Stennis Intl.* What ARTCC facility controls the airspace in this area?

Houston Center

*Houston Center acknowledges your call with "Roger 12345 the local altimeter 30.01". You acknowledge Houston* Houston rogers your transmission at Eaton and instructs you to climb and maintain 5000, report Picayune VOR. Write your report at Picayune.

Houston Center, R-12345, (time) Picayune, 5000

*Your clearance comes back "ATC Clears R-12345 to Stennis INT via direct Eaton VORTAC, V-455, Picayune VORTAC direct Hanco LOM. Maintain 4000, Expect 5000 at Plugg Intersection. Contact Houston Center on Takeoff on 237.8. Squawk 2984, Clearance void if not off by 1700z."* Write your radio call on takeoff?

Houston Center, R-12345, Departing Hattiesburg Laurel, 1000 climbing to maintain 4000, Estimate Eaton at _________

*Houston Center acknowledges your call with "Roger 12345 the local altimeter 30.01". You acknowledge Houston* Write the required radio call.

Houston Center, R-12345, Eaton, 1721, departing 4000 climbing to maintain 5000, No ETA is given b/c to HANCO from Picayuane is a feeder route

*Houston Center acknowledges your call with "Roger 12345 the local altimeter 30.01". You acknowledge Houston* Houston Center contacts you just after Picayune VOR an states R12345 radar contact report HANCO NDB. Write your report at HANCO NDB.

Houston Center, R12345, HANCO NDB

Which approach fix should you use in a lost commo situation?

If arriving at the approach fix before the ETA, hold until the ETA as calculated from the filed flight plan or as amended with ATC: - Arrival Holding Pattern - Holding pattern in lieu of a Procedure Turn - On the final approach course on the Procedure Turn side - On the arrival course

What are the rules governing the procedures for conducting instrument flight? It is also a term used by pilots and controllers to indicate the type of flight plan.

Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)

*Use figure 1 on PE for ATC Facilities and Clearances* What is the name of the ATC facility that has the authority to clear you for a specific approach at JAX International?

Jacksonville Approach Control

*Use figure 1 on PE for ATC Facilities and Clearances* While en route to JAX International, from which ATC facility would you receive approach information?

Jacksonville Approach Control

*Use figure 1 on PE for ATC Facilities and Clearances* What is the name of the ATC facility that has the authority to clear you for takeoff (depart) at JAX International?

Jacksonville Tower

*Refer to Figure 1 in PE Lost Commo* Continuing on with your IFR flight plan without communication with ATC, you now experience VMC conditions. What actions should you take?

Land as soon as practicable and notify ATC

Under what conditions is an alternate airfield required when filing IFR to a destination?

M - Unmonitored NAVAID W- Weather is less than 400 - 1 above weather planning minima R- Radar required

Which of the 3 minimum altitudes during lost commo would you fly to an alternate destination airfield during lost commo?

MIA

What route of flight would you use to your alternate while under lost commo?

Most direct route

*Use the IFR Supplement for questions 18 and 19* Does Hattiesburg Laurel Rgnl (KPIB) have a control tower?

No

If you were told to expect to hold at a fix and have not received an EFC, would you enter holding while under lost commo?

No

You are en route on an IFR flight plan in IMC. Your true airspeed changes from 96 knots to 101 knots. Is a report required?

No

You are on an IFR flight plan and you encounter VMC conditions. Is a report required?

No

What are weather minimums for P* who has logged 50 hours or more in actual weather time as PC? P* who has logged less than 50 hours as PC?

No takeoff minimums; 100 ft ceiling - vis 1/4 mile/ RVR 1200 ft

Is there a requirement for pilots to read back ATC clearances while on the ground?

No there is not (except runway assignment and hold short instructions); However, pilots should clarify any portion of the clearance that is not completely understood; Controllers may request pilot to read back instructions/clearance

Upon initial takeoff from Dothan, will you be in radar contact?

No, controller must state "Radar Contact"

You make your initial call to Cairns and they respond with, roger R12345 maintain 5000. Are you in radar contact?

No, not in radar contact until you hear the words "Radar Contact" from the controller

What publication lists non-standard takeoff minimum requirements?

TLA

In what way can Anniston FSS contact you during lost communications in the vicinity of the EUF VORTAC?

They can talk to you on the EUFALA VORTAC frequency 109.2

*You are located at Dothan Rgnl airport planning a flight from Dothan (KDHN) to Enterprise (KEDN)* How is the weather briefing void time determined? Who should you call if you need the void time extended?

Void 1 hour and 30 minutes after weather briefing time if aircraft has not departed. Forecaster at 26th OWS can update.

a. What is the lost commo procedure when the clearance limit is a fix from which an approach begins? b. What are your actions if an EFC has not been received?

a. Commence descent and approach as close as possible to the EFC if one has been received b. Commence descent and approach as close as possible to the ETA as calculated from the filed or amended ETA

If an alternate airfield is required when filing IFR to a destination, what selection parameters must be met?

Wx- Weather forecast is greater than 400 - 1 above the weather planning minimums G- GPS is not required for the approach R- Radar is not required for the approach A- Does not have a "Alternate Minimums NA" sybmbol in the Pilot Briefing Section M- NAVAIDS are monitored S- Surface-based controlled airspace (B, C, D, or E) is in effect Plus the VFR Exception

If you encounter weather that was not forecasted, is a report required?

Yes

If you lose any navigational or air ground communication capability while in controlled airspace on an IFR flight plan, is a report required if it does not affect your planned flight?

Yes

Would you need to report if you encountered a drone along your route of flight?

Yes

You are cleared VFR conditions On Top. If you change altitude is a report required?

Yes

You are en route on an IFR flight plan in IMC conditions in radar contact and lost use of one of your generators. Is a report required?

Yes

You are enroute with normal communications and reach a fix where you have been cleared to hold, no in radar contact. Is a report required?

Yes

You encounter severe weather on a flight that was forecasted. Is a report required?

Yes

You leave an assigned altitude of 4000 after being cleared for an approach. Is a report required in radar contact?

Yes

You pass the final approach fix (FAF) inbound, not in radar contact. Is a report required?

Yes

You realize you will be 5 minutes early at your next compulsory reporting point. Is a report required?

Yes

*You are located at Dothan Rgnl airport planning a flight from Dothan (KDHN) to Enterprise (KEDN)* If the forecast for KEDN at ETA plus 1 hour is: 4SM -RA FG OVC012, would you need an alternate?

Yes for VOR, No for GPS

*Use figure 4 on PE for ATC Facilities and Clearances* In logical order, what are the ATC facilities you would call or monitor in order to depart from Hanchy AHP on an IFR flight?

a) ATIS (monitor only) b) Cairns clearance delivery c) Hanchey Ground Control d) Hanchey Tower e) Cairns Departure Control

What is the sequence of the items of a detailed initial IFR clearance? (pg 6-12 of the GP)

a) Aircraft ID b) Clearance Limit c) Departure procedure or SID d) Route of Flight e) Altitude Information f) Holding Instruction g) Remarks or special information h) Frequency information i) ATCRBS -code (Transponder)

Write the three ways that en-route position reporting points are designated

a) Compulsory = solid triangle b) Noncompulsory "on request" = open triangle c) Compulsory = points that define a direct route of flight

No PC may deviate from ATC clearance unless an amended clearance has been obtained. What are the exceptions to this?

a) Emergency b) Canceling IFR c) ATC clearance causes deviation from regulations (ex: hold short of a runway when landing)

What are the weather briefing sources?

a) Face-to-Face U.S. Military Forecaster b) Operational Weather Squadron (OWS) c) Flight Service Station (FSS), when use is authorized by local procedures

*Use IFR Supplement* What type of environment are you taking off into when departing the following airfields? (Radar or non-Radar) a) Dothan, RGNL, AL b) Tri Co, FL c) Montgomery Rgnl, AL d) Cairns AAF, AL e) Defuniak Springs, FL

a) Radar b) Radar c) Radar d) Radar e) Non-Radar

Initial Contact may occur at a given:

a) Time b) Altitude c) Fix d) At that moment

Within what time frames would you consider lost commo on a radar approach: a. Being vectored to final? b. On an ASR final approach? c. On a PAR final approach?

a. 1 minute b. 15 seconds c. 5 seconds

While IMC, you follow route clearance limit rule. List the Routes in order of precedence:

a. Last assigned b. As vectored c. Expected d. As filed