Interpersonal communication final

As her job responsibilities grow and her mother becomes ill, Rosario has less time to go for coffee with her coworkers. This friendship is experiencing stress from:

Competing demands

Which of the following statements is NOT related to the principles of conflict?

Conflict can only tear a relationship apart

Which of the following statements is NOT related to the principles of conflict?

Conflict can only tear a relationship apart.

"I just feel he belittled me all night and ruined the whole party," complained Tuan. Tuan's statement is an example of:

Counterfeit emotional language

Check My Work Duane is upset about flunking his Chemistry class. His girlfriend wants to console him over dinner, but Duane chooses to go bowling with his buddies. Duane is opting to receive what kind of support?

Distraction

Which of the following is an example of nonverbal communication substituting for verbal communication?

Dolly smiles and winks at her mother when she asks if Dolly will be home for dinner.

Stephanie sees her roommate taking Stephanie's iPod. Stephanie convinces herself that because it was an old one and she was already planning on replacing it, she's shouldn't say anything to her roommate. Stephanie is showing:

neglect response

T or F: Attributions are a way of helping us select and organize our perceptions

False

T or F: Cognitive complexity can lead to confusing and jumbled interpretations of others' behavior.

False

T or F: Kwon shows a self-serving bias when he blames himself for his group's poor class project.

False

T or F: Micah, an artist, believes scientists aren't much fun. They don't have a sense of humor, they don't know how to relax, and they think they're smarter than other people. Micah is applying a personal construct.

False

T or F: The process of perception includes selecting, organizing, and interpreting information in three distinct and separate steps.

False

T or F: The words we use to describe others are unimportant as long as we're speaking clearly.

False

T or F: When Tatina just can't understand why her friend would rather visit with her family than go shopping with Tatina, she is demonstrating person-centeredness.

False

T or F: When we automatically say "bless you" after someone sneezes, we are responding according to a prototype

False

Siboan and David both got D's on their recent chemistry tests. Siboan believes David's grade is poor because he doesn't pay attention in class and failed to study adequately, while her own grade is due to her hectic work schedule. This is an example of:

Fundamental attribution error

which of the following reasons to communicate is related to our self esteem needs?

our desire to value and respect ourselves and to be valued and respected by others

Expectations

our expectations affect what we notice

Adam tells his new coworker that their supervisor is nice enough, but sometimes too quick to call people out, especially at the end of the month when the financial reports are due. Adam is following which guideline?

Indexing

Check My Work When Tatianna's car breaks down and she misses her job interview, she feels frustrated when her boyfriend doesn't listen to her story and instead goes right outside to work on her car. "He's just not supportive at all," she thinks to herself as she dials her girlfriend's number. What Tatianna doesn't realize is that her boyfriend is showing:

Instrumental suppor

As Jose begins to feel restless in his relationship with Alyssa, he finds himself increasingly bothered by Alyssa's habits that a year Aho he thought were cute. Jose is likely in which of the following deterioration processes:

Intrapsychic

Four factors that are key for building and sustaining healthy relationships are:

Investment, commitment, trust, and comfort with relational dialects

Which statement best describes the relationship between our perceptions of the world and the way in which we communicate?

It is reciprocal

People from collectivist cultures may say, "There is strength in numbers," while people from individualist cultures are more likely to say, "Lead, follow, or get our of the way." This is an example of how:

Language and culture reflect each other

Which of the following definitions refers to literal listening?

Listening only for content and ignoring relationship meaning

before she came to this country, Irina grew up believing single women should not interact with single men. In fact, she was shocked when she first saw guys posting comments on photos shared by her girlfriends. Now, However, She's becoming more comfortable with the idea. This is an example of how:

Social media can teach us about what's acceptable in a society

Before she came to this country, Irina grew up believing single women should not interact with single men. In fact, she was shocked when she first saw guys posting comments on photos shared by her girlfriends. Now, however, she's becoming more comfortable with the idea. This is an example of how:

Social media can teach us about what's acceptable in a society.

Which of the following statements does not apply to the similarities between verbal and nonverbal communication?

both are continuous

The phrase, "owning your feelings," refers to:

Using "I" statements to explain your emotions and behaviors to others

Someone who believes conflict is destructive to a relationship and should be avoided at all costs is showing:

a lose-lose orientation to conflict

Stephanie sees her roommate taking Stephanie's iPod. Stephanie convinces herself that because it was an old one and she was already planning on replacing it, she shouldn't say anything to her roommate. Stephanie is showing:

a neglect response

Duane is upset about flunking his Chemistry class. His girlfriend wants to console him over dinner, but Duane choose to go bowling with his buddies. Duane is opting to receive what kind of support?

distraction

A counterproposal will lead to a more productive conflict outcome than a contract a compromise.

false

A person's accent is not a form of nonverbal communication

false

All relationships, even very healthy ones, experience moments of criticism and anger. Relationships can handle these moments as long as there are three times as many positive interactions as negative.

false

Anna has learned it is wrong to feel happiness at another's misfortune. Yet, she is secretly delighted when her friend fails a history test. Anna finds herself pretending to be sorry about her friend's poor grade. Anna is engaging in "deep acting."

false

Because loud voices tend to fade into the background, we are much more likely to notice people who speak in quiet voices

false

Buber would agree that "seeming" is a more intimate form of communication than "being"

false

Couples who cohabit before marrying are more likely to divorce

false

Dante confides in Tessa his concern about missing assignments because he's been gaming online far too much. By saying, "Don't worry. Everybody screws up now and then" Tessa is giving Dante a confirming message.

false

Unproductive statements and behaviors in conflict reflect an excessive preoccupation with the other person.

false

We forget two-thirds of a message within four hours of a conversation

false

We use verbal communication to express the relationship level meaning and nonverbal communication to express the content meaning.

false

We're more likely to express our true emotions online if we're logged in under our name than if we're anonymous

false

When Juan Pablo is aware that he is talking too much, and he reminds himself to just be quiet and let the other person speak for a while, he is showing that language allows for hypothetical thought.

false

When Tatina just can't understand why her friend would rather visit with her family than go shopping with Tatina, she is demonstrating person-centeredness

false

When it comes to relationship satisfaction, an equal sharing of household chores is second only to financial security

false

When listening for information, taking notes will distract you from retaining the information.

false

When we automatically say "Bless you" after someone sneezes, we are responding according to the prototype.

false

When we communicate responsively with our professor, we are indicating we like her

false

When we discuss the symbolic nature of language, we mean that words are arbitrary, assigned, and absolute.

false

When we use metacommunication, we tend to make the convo more confusing for both ourselves and the other person

false

When we use the term "loaded language" we are describing words that have been used for thousand of years.

false

Women and men do not differ in how likely they are to maintain long-distance friendships, provided they're from the same social class.

false

Women are more likely than men to express anger

false

Women experience a stronger physical and psychological reaction to conflict than men

false

a win-lose approach to conflict is efficient, practical, and productive.

false

among linear, interactive, and transactional models of communication, interactive models most accurately represent the dynamic nature of communication

false

an inspiring teacher or coach helps us to meet our belonging needs

false

anonymous online feedback is a good source of information about how others see us

false

attributions are a way of helping us select and organize our perceptions

false

because Marcos consciously decided to not respond to his sisters text, he did not communicate with her

false

because the self is formed through social interaction, it is easily changed and improved.

false

cultural values that shape our identity, such as gender roles, for instance, are universal standards we should carefully follow

false

expectations rarely impact what we notice

false

females are less likely to use social media to discuss their thoughts about gender roles and other cultural values

false

interpersonal communication can solve any problem

false

lack of care and understanding for oneself does not undermine the motivation to change and even the belief that change is possible

false

little girls tend to play games that have a lot of rules and little talk.

false

online communication has created new words, such as blog. But it hasn't led to new definitions of existing words

false

online communication is often less polite than f2f communication so there is no responsibility to make ethical choices in digital interactions.

false

pointing out someone else's mistake is more typical of a collectivist culture such as Japan than an individualistic culture such as the United States.

false

semantic noise refers to the way we might be distracted by someone else's appearance

false

the first human bonds we form have little impact on our expectations for later relationships

false

the formation of self is a process that begins at birth and is fixed by the age of 5.

false

the process of perception includes selecting, organizing, and interpreting information in three distinct and separate steps.

false

the term "electronic footprint" refers to the number of technology devices we own.

false

words are neutral. its how we say them that make them positive or negative

false

cognitive complexity can lead to confusing and jumbled interpretations of others' behavior

falser

paraphrasing shows the listener is:

focused on understanding the speaker

Siboan and David both got D's on their recent Chemistry tests. Siboan believes David's grade is poor because he doesn't pay attention in class and failed to study adequately, while her own grade is due to her hectic work schedule. This is an example of:

fundamental error of attribution

After many years of being alienated from her father, Leah decided to forgive him for his violent outbursts that had been fueled by his alcoholism. Leah demonstrated:

grace

In the deterioration stage of romantic relationships, the _____________ process we try to make sense of why it failed

grave dressing

Which of the following is NOT one of the investments we make when building and maintaining friendships?

humor

When Tatianna's car breaks down and she misses her job interview, she feels frustrated when her boyfriend doesn't listen to her story and instead goes right outside to work on her car. "He's just not supportive at all," she thinks to herself as she dials her girlfriend's number. What Tatianna doesn't realize is that her boyfriend is showing:

instrumental support

Mind reading is related to which of the following?

internal listening obstacle

what does it mean to say "interpersonal communication is not a panacea"

interpersonal communication cannot solve all problems

over time, Jon and Dave have developed some key terms for referring to their favorite band. this is an example of how interpersonal communication is

a process that encourages the development and sharing of personal knowledge

when a group of people share a set of norms about how to use language, they are called:

a speech community

To adopt a win-win orientation toward conflict, we should:

a. Recognize our emotions. b. Use I-language. c. Make an effort to see the other person's needs.

When Agit tells James that he, Agit, would like to begin saving for an expensive car, James responds with, "Don't be silly. You're never going to stick to a plan that would take so long." This is an example of what kind of disconfirmation:

acknowledgement

______________ kind of love is generous and selfless

agape

Claires mother is bothered by how much she and Claire have been arguing lately. She decides to talk to Claire about the way they're communicating to one another. this is an example of:

metacommunication

Clark doesn't even answer the phone when he sees it's his boss calling. "She's just going to want me to come in and work again," He tells his friends. Clark is guilty of:

mindreading

Clark doesn't even answer the phone when he sees it's his boss calling. "She's just going to want me to come in and work again," he tells his friends. Clark is guilty of:

mindreading

Before expressing and sharing your feelings with someone, you should:

monitor your own emotional state and make sure you're calm enough

When Ho doesn't challenge his friend even though Ho saw him flirting with Ho's girlfriend, Ho decides to preserve the harmony in their relationship. Ho is showing:

A loyalty response

The early stages of a developing conflict are critically important to determining whether it will take a productive or unproductive path. This early stage usually lasts:

3 minutes

Willingness to invest, emotional closeness, acceptance, trust, and support are what?

5 basic expectations of friendships

O'Brien just cannot believe that Adil spent an hour Skyping with his parents in Egypt. Now they'll be late for the movie! "How selfish," thinks O'Brien to himself. This friendship is experiencing:

An internal tension

The term "kinesics" refers to:

posture, eye contact, and facial expression

________________ type of love involves a calculating and strategic inventory about how compatible a potential partner might be

pragma

This pattern has been going on for a while now: As Christina shops for groceries, Igor watches the soccer game. Christina arrives home, puts away groceries, and begins to prepare meals for the upcoming week while Igor naps. The next morning, Igor wonders why Christina is always so irritable. The problem here is:

there is a lack of equity in the relationship

It's a good idea to change our listening style in different contexts and situations.

true

Like verbal communication, nonverbal communication is symbolic.

true

Listening is psychological while hearing is physiological

true

Luigi and Estelle both have dry mouths and butterflies in their stomachs before delivering their speeches, yet it's possible for Luigi to "feel" excited and Estelle to "feel" nervous

true

Men tend to pay attention to content message of a conversation while women notice additional information such as contextual features

true

we are often communicating two kinds of meaning when we relate to others, content meaning and relationship meaning

true

we can improve the accuracy of our perceptions.

true

when teachers praise us and tell us we are smart, they are influencing our self by giving us a direct definition of ourselves

true

A burst of anger will subside in about two hours

false

Which of the following statements about silence is true?

- It can be used to soothe and comfort someone -Its a type of nonverbal communication -It can be used to punish and hurt someone -ALL OF THESE ARE CORRECT!

Stella and Dan have been together for 14 years. They regularly share meals together and help each other with career decisions. Stella visits DAn's mother every week, and Dan often goes out of his way to pick Stella up at work so she doesn't have to take the bus. Still, they don't want to get married. This relationship is:

-Lacking commitment -A blend of mania and eros -In the deterioration phase NONE OF THESE ARE CORRECT

Armand has pointed out to Clarissa that she frequently behaves as if she thinks she's better than others. Clarisse can choose to respond constructively to this criticism by:

-Seeking input from others to see if they agree with Armand -Reflecting on the specific examples Armand cited to see if he was right -Thanking Armand for helping her to row in self-awareness and improve herself ALL OF THESE ARE CORRECT

Which of the following statements is an example of abstract language?

-She is just unbelievable! -You're not a good fit for our organization -im having a bad day ALL OF THESE ARE CORRECT!

Social Media and Perception

-choices of media shape our perceptions -content of our digital media influenced by our cultural memberships -our sense of time and space altered by social media

Cognitive Abilities

-cognitive complexity: the number of personal constructs used, how abstract they are, and how elaborately they interact to shape perceptions -person-centeredness: the ability to perceive another as a unique individual

Which of the following actions illustrates how we use technology to disconfirm people in our environment?

-conducting a purchase with the assistance of a cashier while talking to someone on our phone -pretending to be checking for messages on our phone while waiting for class to begin -wearing ear buds at the gym or on the bus to avoid interacting with others ALL OF THESE ARE CORRECT

Someone who believes conflict is destructive to a relationship and should be avoided at all costs is showing:

A lose-lose orientation to conflic

When Della wants to speak to Sanjay about her roommate problems, he decides to mute his TV. Sanjay has:

-eliminated the noise that could distract him from listening -practiced selective listening by focusing on Della -practiced mindful listening NONE OF THESE ARE CORRECT

Self

-implicit personality theory: a collection of unspoken and sometimes unconscious assumptions about how various qualities fit together in human personalities -EX: a person speaking very loudly to a person who is blind

Which of the following statements about social media and digital communication is NOT true?

-it is easier to disengage from conflict when communicating online. -It is easier to attack other online. -It is important to check our perceptions when communicating online. NONE OF THESE ARE CORRECT!

4 Dimensions of Attribution

-locus: person's actions to internal factors or external factors -stability: explains actions as the result of stable factors that won't change over time or unstable factors what may or will be different at another time -specificity: explains behavior in terms of whether the behavior has global implications that apply in most or all situations or specific implications that apply only in certain situations or under certain conditions -responsibility: we're more likely to hold people responsible for behavior that we think they can control

we will be more successful in making positive changes in our self-concept is we:

-make conscious choices about who to hang out with -become aware of both our strengths and weaknesses. -practice self-compassion ALL OF THE ABOVE

Which of the following is an obstacle that you need to address in order to listen mindfully:

-message overload -message complexity -noise ALL OF THE CHOICES ARE CORRECT

when listening to support others, a good listener will:

-pay attention to the relationship level meaning in addiction to the content -provide his or her honest feedback even if it contradicts the speaker's point of view -occasionally use phrases that will encourage the speaker to continue -express support for the speaker ALL OF THESE ARE CORREC

Human Perception Process

-perception is the active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing, and interpreting people, objects, events, situations -3 stages: Selection, Organization, Interpretation

Influences on Perception

-physiology -expectations -age -culture -cognitive abilities -self

Cognitive Schemata

-prototype: the most representative example of a category -personal construct: a bipolar, mental yardstick we use to measure people and situations -stereotype: predictive generalization about individuals and situations based on the category in which we place them -script: guide to action in particular situations

To adopt a win-win orientation toward conflict, we should:

-recognize our emotions -use I-language -make an effort to see the other person's needs ALL OF THESE ARE CORRECT!

Guidelines for Improving Perception & Communication

-recognize that all perceptions are partial and subjective -avoid mind reading -check perceptions with others -distinguish between facts and inferences -guard against the self-serving bias -guard against the fundamental attribution error -monitor labels

Which of the following statements about intimacy is true?

-regularly adopting a dual perspective can foster intimacy -Intimacy is created and maintained in small and undramatic everyday actions. -mindful listening on a regular basis is important to lasting intimacy ALL OF THESE ARE CORRECT

Culture

-standpoint: a point of view that grows out of political awareness of the social location of a group--the material, social, and symbolic conditions common for member of a social group -roles: both the training we receive to fulfill a role and the actual demands of the role affect what we notice and how we interpret and evaluate the role

Interpretation

-the subjective process of explaining our perceptions in ways that make sense to us -attribution: explanation of why something happened or why someone acts a certain way -fundamental attribution error

Which of the following is NOT an expectation of Western friendship?

-trust -willingness to invest -emotional closeness NONE OF THESE ARE CORRECT

Physiology

-we differ in our sensory abilities and physiologies -tired or stressed, perceive things more negatively

Selection

-we select to attend to certain stimuli based in a number of factors including: -the qualities of the phenomena -self-indication -our motives and needs -culture

Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE)

-we tend to overestimate the internal causes of others' undesirable behaviors and underestimate the external causes; we are likely to underestimate the internal causes of our own misdeeds and failures and overestimate the external causes

we sometimes avoid expressing emotions because:

-we want to avoid hurting other people's feelings -It's not always socially appropriate to share our feelings with higher or lower status people -we tend to follow cultural expectations about which emotions should be expressed ALL OF THESE ARE CORRECT

Three factors that influence our attraction to another person are:

Attractiveness, proximity, and similarity

Vu and Fonda are close cousins. When they agree to get together on Sunday to do the "same ol' thing," they are using abstract language. Which of the following explanation applies to this situation?

Because they have a shared history of what this phrase means to them, it makes them feel closer to each other

When Aileen asks Chaz to talk about their relationship, he asks her if they can do it while they weed the garden together. Which of the following statements is most accurate?

Chaz is showing openness because he feels closer to Aileen when they're doing something together

"Hey, Tim, you seemed really quiet last night. Was it my imagination or was something bothering you?" Texts Alicia to one of her friends. Alicia is improving the accuracy of her perceptions as demonstrated by her efforts to:

Check perceptions with others

Conflict is always best addressed as soon as an issue arises rather than delaying the inevitable.

D

Dr. Harrison and Tony are discussing Tony's most recent test grade- a disappointing D. Tony tells Dr. Harrison the test seemed harder than the pervious ones. Dr. Harrison responds with: "I don't think you should be telling me tests are unfair!" Dr. Harrison is showing what kind of listening?

Defensive listening

A counterproposal will lead to a more productive conflict outcome than a contract or compromise

F

Donald doesn't express his anger when Shelly comes home with yet another pair of shoes, which they've already agreed she wouldn't do. Instead, he goes for a walk, smokes a cigarette, and then goes to bed. He has successfully avoided conflict. T/F

F

It's useful to focus on the content-level meaning, or the problem in an argument, and overlook the relationship-level meaning.

F

Sophia and Antonio argue often and loud. With this kind of behavior, it's clear the relationship is in trouble. T/F

F

Unproductive statements and behaviors in conflict reflect an excessive preoccupation with the other person. T/F

F

Women experience a stronger physical and psychological reaction to conflict than men. T/F

F

Close relationships that develop online are not considered friendships until the individuals have met f2f. T/F

FALSE

Ginger is friends with both Jay and Pat, and she believes they will be great friends with each other, so she finds a way to get them together. Ginger is adopting a dual perspective. F/T

FALSE

Sexual attraction is considered to be a source of internal tension in a friendship between a heterosexual man and woman, but not in a friendship between two gay men. T/F

FALSE

The phrase "friends of the heart versus friends of the road" pertains to the relationships we're born into versus the ones we make as we gro T/F

FALSE

Women and men do not differ in how likely they are to maintain long-distance friendships, provided they're from the same social class. T/F

FALSE

In online dating, women are more likely than men to misrepresent relationship goals.

False

Which of the following types of nonverbal communication refers to the way we use touch:

Haptics

Cameron doesn't know whether he should "unfriend" his former girlfriend on Facebook or not. Cameron's dilemma is an example of:

How social media is making it necessary to develop new rules for communication

Buber believes we can interact with another person in a way that conveys respect and encourages honesty. He describes this form of interaction as:

I-thou

Which of the following statements about love styles is NOT true?

Mania involves falling in love quickly and deeply for a long time.

which of the following statements about perception is NOT true?

Perception is passive and partial

Which of the following statements about perception is NOT true?

Perception is passive and partial.

Which of the following actions is NOT something a couple would do as part of building their relational culture?

Questioning whether their goals and values are compatible

It's essential to manage conflict constructively in committed romantic relationships to:

Reduce the risk of relationship violence

Erin believes she should win the MVP award because it was her good fielding that got the final out. She's not really thinking about how she struck out seven times. This is an example of:

Self-serving bias

Carolyn has confided in Emily about her plans to drop out of school, a decision Emily thinks is a mistake since Carolyn is a B+ student and only needs three courses to graduate. To be a truly supportive friend, Emily should:

Share with Carolyn why it seems like a poor decision to Emily and encourage her to give it more thought.

A win-lose approach to conflict is efficient, practical, and productive. T/F

T

Bracketing is a communication technique used in constructive conflict.

T

Passive-aggressive conflict often involves the playing of games. T/F

T

When Neil doesn't reply to Indira's email because he's insulted and indignant, he's using the exit response to conflict. T/F

T

Both less attractive and very attractive adolescent females are targets of cyberbullying T/F

TRUE

In an established friendship, interacting online maintains closeness just as effectively as f2f interaction. T/F

TRUE

Most friendships end suddenly, usually because one person perceives the other has committed a serious breach of trust T/F

TRUE

Trust is an important expectation of friendship among Western people. T/F

TRUE

Women build emotional closeness through conversation, while men build emotional closeness through shared activities. T/F

TRUE

O'Brien and Adil have had similar problems in the past. They seem to differ greatly on how much time and importance to give to their families. Which of the following statements is true?

Their differing perspectives about family is not the source of their problem; it is the way O'Brien is interpreting Adil's behavior that is causing the tension.

O'brien and Adil have had similar problems in the past. They seem to differ greatly on how much time and importance to give to their families. Which of the following statements is true?

Their differing perspectives about family is not the source of their problem; it is the way O'brien is interpreting Adil's behavior that is causing the tension.

Which of the following statements about emotions and social media use is NOT true?

Things posted online are less hurtful than when spoken f2f

Stan separately tells two of his emplyees, Danielle and Emil, they must work on Saturday evening. With Danielle, his voice is cold, and his eye contact is fleeting. with Emil, Stans voice is warmer, he makes extended eye contact and his body is relaxed. Which of the following statements describes this situation?

This is an example of the content meaning being the same, but the relationship being different

You wait three months for an appointment with a particular hairstylist. Understanding phonemics, it would be fair to say:

This must be one of the best hairstylists in the area

"Whatever," sneers Justine under breath to her boss, who is just out of earshot. This verbal message may seem simple, but the way Justine delivers it shows that:

Tone communicates scorn more emphatically than words.

Because symbols are arbitrary, word meanings can change over time.

True

Even though they consider themselves to be good friends, Kaya and Tajeen would never think to call each other on the phone because they've just always communicated online or through text. This is an example of a relationship rule. T/G

True

T or F: Age, culture and gender are three factors that influence how we perceive others

True

T or F: Self-fulfilling prophecies are related to our expectations of ourselves and others

True

T or F: We can improve the accuracy of our perceptions.

True

which of the following items relates to the way we organize information?

We put people and events into categories created in our mind

Which of the following items relates to the way we organize information?

We put people and events into categories created in our mind.

Sometimes we need to listen for information, and sometimes we need to listen to support others. Which of the following statements is true in regard to these differing goals?

When listening for information, we should attend to the content-level meaning, but when listening to support others, we should attend to the relationship-level meaning

Self-Serving Bias

a bias toward ourselves and our interests; take responsibility when we produce a positive outcome, but avoid responsibility when we produce a negative outcome

Joel's mother is quick to blame herself when things are challenging for Joel. For example, she feels guilty that Joel is not able to come home to a quiet house to study because she is teaching piano lessons. She believes a good mother shouldn't cause such hardships. Her feelings represent:

a feeling rule

Raul and Jade are just friends, but Raul wishes they were romantically involved. He knows Jade has a boyfriend, so he doesn't want to reveal his feelings to her. Instead of kissing her good night, he simply waves and walks away. according to Mead, Raul is:

allowing the Me to rule the I

O'brien just cannot believe that Adil spent an hour Skyping with his parents in Egypt. Now they'll be late for the movie! "How selfish," thinks O'brien to himself. This friendship is experiencing:

an internal tension

A quality that sets committed romantic relationships apart from other close friendships is

assumed permanence

Than and Kim are arguing over their Thanksgiving plans. Than wants to celebrate with just the two of them as a couple, while Kim wants to get together with their extended family members. They are experiencing dialectical tension along which dimension:

autonomy/connectedness

Janelle and Letisha are arguing over household chores such as doing dishes, vacuuming, and doing laundry. When the subject of laundry comes up, Janelle accuses Letisha of wearing Janelle's clothes without permission. "Look, we can talk about that one later," says Letisha. "For now, let's just figure out who's going to do what chores when." Letisha is demonstrating:

b. Bracketing

Janelle and Letisha are arguing over household chores such as doing dishes, vacuuming, and doing laundry. When the subject of laundry comes up, Janelle accuses Letisha of wearing Janelle's clothes without permission. "Look, we can talk about that one later," says Letisha. "For now, let's just figure out who's going to do what chores when." Letisha is demonstrating:

bracketing

"Hey, Tim, you seemed really quiet last night. Was it my imagination, or was something bothering you?" texts Alicia to one of her best friends. Alicia is improving the accuracy of her perceptions as demonstrated by her efforts to:

check perceptions with others

Carolyn notices she is feeling nervous about giving her speech and begins to dread the whole thing. After a little reflection, she realizes she is also feeling a little excited about it and begins to dread it a little less. This is an example of:

cognitive labeling

Age

compared with a person of 20, a 60 year old has a more complex fund of experiences to draw on in perceiving situations and people

As her job responsibilities grow and her mother becomes ill, Rosario has less time to go for coffee with her coworkers. This friendship is experiencing stress from:

competing demands

The Andrade family frequently talks about both personal matters and social issues. In fact, their discussions are often characterized by heated disagreement. But at the end of the day, they tend to come back to a central and somewhat traditional point of view. Their family communication pattern can be described as:

consensual

Organization

constructivism: we organize and interpret experience by applying cognitive structures called cognitive schemata

When it comes to investing in family relationships:

contributions can be unequal for a while, as long as they even out over time

"there's only one way to do things in this house, and that's my way. I pay the bills, so I make the decisions," says Aaron angrily. Aaron's disconfirming statement is an example of:

control

Before automatically "liking" a facebook post or retweeting a message, what should we do?

critically consider the qualifications and motives of the message source

Delfina rarely speaks up and objects when Tom behaves inconsiderately. She is showing too much:

deference

Marta and Amanda are parents to twin girls in first grade and a third-grade boy. Their family is a busy one with school, sports, worship, and household responsibilities for the children, not to mention Marta's and Amanda's professional demands. This family is in which stage?

developing

When Sari is passed over for a promotion, she feels ashamed and too embarrassed to tell even her parents. But after some time, Sari begins to feel angry, knowing the promotion was offered to her less experienced male coworker. Sari has been involved in:

emotion work

In the ____________ stage of family development, children learn to be less dependent on their families

encouraging independence

Arnold wants to improve his communication competence in order to help him in his customer service job. Whenever he makes a sales call, he makes a point to see the situation from his customer's point of view, to pay careful attention to their nonverbal messages to better understand their feelings and emotions, and to ask questions so his customers will share more details. Arnold is working on:

engaging in dual perspective

Family life cycle stages: which stage involves the addition of children

enlarging a family

After many years of being alienated from her father, Leah decided to forgive him for his violent outbursts that had been fueled by his alcoholism. Leah demonstrated:

f. Grace

"I" language signifies self-centeredness, while "you" language signifies person centeredness

false

"I" statements are not effective in expressing emotions because they put too much focus on the speaker.

false

Deidre is becoming bored with the daily routine of her life with Josh and overwhelmed by the financial pressures of owning their first home. Nonetheless, she waits up for him on Tuesday nights after his night class. Deidre is showing relationship intimacy.

false

Ginger is friends with both Jay and Pat, and she believes they will be great friends with each other, so she finds a way to get them together. Ginger is adopting a dual perspective

false

Hyla never swears in front of her parents, but she frequently does so with her friends. This is an example of how language use is not guided by rules.

false

In a confirming climate, messages are often categorized by strategy, while in a disconfirming climate, they are characterized by spontaneity

false

In a traditional marriage, partners are highly autonomous

false

In the African American political caucus meeting, people tend to speak up even when others are still talking. This shows poor listening skills.

false

In the navigation phase of relationships, couples finalize and complete once and for all the work of dealing with dialectical tensions such as autonomy and connection.

false

In western culture, we are comfortable socializing with others in a range of 2-4 feet

false

It is not possible to experience more than one emotion at a time

false

It's useful to focus on the content-level meaning, or the problem in an argument, and overlook the relationship-level meaning.

false

Kwon shows a self-serving bias when he blames himself for his group's poor class project.

false

Less than 15% of people in the United States live alone

false

Micah, an artist, believes scientists aren't much fun. They don't have a sense of humor, they don't know how to relax, and they think they're smarter than other people. Micah is applying a personal construct.

false

Most friendships end suddenly, usually because one person perceives the other has committed a serious breach of trust

false

Nonverbal communication accounts for roughly half the meaning in an interaction, while verbal communication makes up the other half.

false

Now that he's unemployed, Henry is more likely to help with the child care and household responsibilities

false

Only women are targets of violence and abuse in romantic relationships

false

Passion in a committed romantic relationship refers to sexual excitement, while intimacy refers to spiritual and emotional excitement. intimacy refers to feelings of emotional closeness.

false

Relational dialectics refers to the strain that occurs in a relationship when it is in trouble

false

Relationship climates are either confirming or disconfirming. there is seldom any middle ground

false

Sexual attraction is considered to be a source of internal tension in a friendship between a heterosexual man and woman, but not in a friendship between two gay men

false

Sophia and Antonia argue often and loud. With this kind of behavior, it's clear the relationship is in trouble.

false

Starlet shows selective listening when she occasionally looks in the teacher's direction during his lecture even though she's checking her email

false

The first step in effective listening is to interpret what the other person is saying.

false

The internet allows partners to monitor each other's actions, so one advantage of digital technology is there is less opportunity to cheat.

false

The organismic approach to studying emotions emphasizes the context in which we experience an emotion

false

The phenomenon known as pileup occurs when many positive events occur in a short period of time and increase happiness in the family.

false

The phrase "friends of the heart versus friends of the road" pertains to the relationships we're born into versus the ones we make as we grow.

false

The three elements that influence satisfaction in family relationships are words, thoughts, and actions.

false

The three stages of committed romantic relationships identified among Western cultures are growth, maturation, and deterioration

false

The words we use to describe others are unimportant as long as we're speaking clearly

false

The words we use to label our feelings aren't important. What matters more is the physical feeling.

false

There are three primary styles of love: storge, agape, and eros

false

Typically, relationship rules are spoken, so that people can move to the next stage of friendship

false

which statement best describes the relationship between our perceptions of the world and the way in which we communicate?

it is reciprocal

when she's feeling stressed and irritable by all the demands of her legal career, her spouse's illness, and her own mother's failing health, Karin reminds herself that, "This, too shall pass." Karin is able to put things in perspective like this because:

language allows for hypothetical thought

Which of the following statements about family structure in the United States is NOT true?

marriage today is more a necessity than a choice

our self develops as we internalize two forms of communication

messages from particular others such as our family and friends and messages from generalized others such as society's values

"I'm sure there are other ways to prepare lasagna," says Mario, "but if it's ok with you, I'd like to try this recipe tonight." Mario's confirming statement is an example of:

provisionalism

Families with open communication patterns have rooms that are furnished to allow for comfortable conversation and informal discussions. This is an example of what type of nonverbal communication?

proxemics

In the US and other western societies, four cultural features that are emphasized in identity formation are:

race, gender, sexual orientation, and social class

Eliza feels hurt that Theresa has not responded to Elisa's text message, even though there's no way she can be certain Theresa has even received the message. This situation is an example of how social media and technology can cause disconfirmation on what level?

recognition

which of the following statements about responsive communication is true?

responsive communication means we make eye contact and give the other person our full attention.

when we internalize someone's criticism that we are not musical and therefore avoid taking guitar lessons, we are creating a:

self- fulfilling prophecy

understanding the Johari Window can help us begin to grow and improve our:

self-awareness

As Mary gets to know Raul, she begins to feel more comfortable with him, and gradually shares some of her more private memories from childhood. Raul feels honored she's trusting him with this information. This is an example of:

self-disclosure occurring over time

Erin believes she should win the MVP award because it was her food fielding that for the final out. She's not really thinking about how she struck out seven times. This is an example of:

self-serving bias

Chapman identified 5 love languages. Doing chores without being asked describes which one?

service

which of the following is NOT true about self-disclosure? Self-Disclosure:

should be avoided in online relationships

In high-contact cultures, people are likely to bump into one another without apologizing

true

marta and Isabelle argue about their mutual friend Greta. Marta says Greta is selfish and stuck-up and prefers to avoid her, while Isabelle believes Greta can be difficult at times, but only when she's been getting too little sleep. Marta and Isabelle disagree in the way they are explaining the ______________________ of Greta's behavior?

stability

Which of the following criteria is NOT part of the definition of interpersonal conflict?

strong emotions

4 types of voluntary kin: which one fulfills desires and needs not met by biological family?

supplemental

The old cliche line of, "What's your sign?" is an example of invitational communication. recognizing it as such means you would have to pay attention to:

the relationship-level meaning

Interpersonal conflict can occur only between people who perceive themselves as interdependent at the time of the conflict

true

Many parents use communication technology and social media to stay in touch with their children throughout the day and to monitor their activities at night. Though potentially useful, this practice may also present an undesirable outcome. Which of the following statements describes this possibility?

there is a risk that children won't separate from their parents and develop the independence they need in adolescence and beyond

which of the following statements is not true about the systemic nature of interpersonal communication?

there is no noise to distract the communicators

As a friendship deteriorates, which of the following is likely to occur:

there will be a gradual dwindling of investment

As a friendship deteriorates, which of the following is likely to occur:

there will be a gradual-dwindling of investment

which of the following statements is NOT true about messages and comments communicated through social media?

they are not very influential in our self-development

Which of the following is not considered an environmental factor that influences communication?

time

Technology is changing the way in which we perceive:

time and space

technology is changing the way in which we perceive

time and space

a local medical facility no longer treats "addicts." they now treat "patients with addictions." the reason for this is:

to avoid how language and labels can totalize what they're describing

Types of relationships: couple who is highly interdependent, emotionally expressive, and share conventional views

traditional

Among commitment, intimacy, and passion, the least important dimension to relationship satisfaction is passion.

true

Because the privacy of our online communication is not guaranteed, self-disclosure has more risks than it does in f2f interaction.

true

Both less attractive and very attractive adolescent females are targets of cyberbullying.

true

Bracketing is a communication technique used in constructive conflict.

true

Couples in long-distance relationships should develop ways to share the simple everyday matters with each other.

true

Couples who have chosen to have children after a few years of marriage are likely to see a drop in their relationship satisfaction.

true

Difficult language and unfamiliar terms are examples of message overload

true

Emotional intelligence is related to our overall well-being

true

Even though they consider themselves to be good friends, Kaya and Tajeen would never think to call each other on the phone because they've just always communicated online or through text. This is an example of a relationship rule.

true

Families should expect to encounter friction as adolescents become more independent

true

Gay and lesbian couples tend to have more equality in their relationships than heterosexual couples.

true

If a conflict isn't important to a relationship's health, it may be appropriate not to deal with it.

true

In a confirming climate, messages are often characterized by description, while in a disconfirming climate, they are characterized by evaluation

true

In a monochromic culture, meetings begin on time.

true

In conversation, we use nonverbal communication to signal we are ready to switch from speaker to listener

true

In families with a protective communication style, there is often a high level of dishonesty

true

Online communication is not as effective as f2f communication for providing social support

true

Passive-aggressive conflict often involves the playing of games.

true

Pluralistic families have a high conversation orientation and a low conformity orientation

true

Practicing safe sex is a communication issue because it requires individuals to discuss with their partners their histories and preferences.

true

Stefan is showing a static evaluation when he says, "Telena is unreasonable and too much of a drama queen."

true

The comfortable, even-keeled kind of love that is based on friendship is STORGE

true

The interactive view of emotions emphasizes how cultural rules and expectations shape our perception of emotions

true

There's really no accurate decoding system to guide us in interpreting others' nonverbal communication

true

Too much self-disclosure can harm a relationship

true

Trust is an important expectation of friendship among Western people.

true

We can accept and confirm others even when we disagree with their actions.

true

We should expect to have dialectic tensions in our relationships.

true

When Karl is in love, he will test his lover's commitment by feigning an illness to see how he or she will respond Karl's love style is called ludus.

true

When Neil doesn't reply to Indira's email because he's insulted and indignant, he's using the exit response to conflict.

true

When it comes to investing in family relationships, contributions can be unequal for a while as long as they even out

true

When love became a primary reason for marriage, the lack of love became an acceptable reason to end marriages

true

When we fail to respond to a greeting from someone we send them a message of disconfirmation

true

Women are more likely to experience negative after effects of hookup sex than men

true

Women are more physically involved in listening than men. Women show more eye contact and position their bodies in the direction of the speaker

true

Women build emotional closeness through conversation, while men build emotional closeness through shared activities.

true

Women tend to be more concerned with equity than men and become dissatisfied in a relationship if they perceive they are investing more into it Than their partner.

true

according to the transactional model of IPC, both people are responsible for creating effective communication.

true

age, culture, and expectations are three factors that influence how we perceive others

true

an identity script is a set of rules and values we learn from our families that guide our behavior

true

impression management involves using communication in an effort to persuade others to believe in the "face" we present.

true

interpersonal communication builds and maintains relationships

true

making new friends and opening up to new experiences is a useful way to expand our self-awareness

true

many people do not report violent or abusive incidents

true

one way to improve your communication competence is to learn to monitor yourself while you're in the process of communicating

true

parents, especially fathers, encourage in children what they perceive to be gender-appropriate behaviors

true

people tend to share only the positive aspects of their lives on social media

true

the word or term we use to refer to somebody can influence our perception of that person

true

The rational-emotive approach to feelings teachers us to:

use rational thinking and self-talk to challenge the debilitating thoughts about emotions that undermine healthy self-concepts and relationships

Which of the following statements about verbal and nonverbal communication is not true?

verbal communication is perceived as more credible than nonverbal communication

many of us enjoy using facebook, other social media, and texting because:

we're able to easily meet our belonging needs.

3 key elements that influence satisfaction in long term relationships

words, thoughts, emotions