Interpersonal Final

The week after Ava met Alejandra, she texts her to ask if she'd like to go to an art gallery opening. Which of Rawlins's six stages is this?

Moves Toward Friendship

Which of the following statements about other-sex friendships is false?

They are almost always closer than same-sex friendships.

Which of the following forms of deception is an act of dissimulation?

equivocation

Misrepresenting facts for the purpose of material gain is known as

fraud

When considering a potential spouse, someone from an individualistic culture such as the United States would likely ask:

"How does my heart feel?"

Which of the following statements could be an example of the Othello error?

A listener is so suspicious that he or she doubts someone else's truthful statement.

According to research, how do most people discover that they have been lied to?

A third party reveals the truth.

Which of the following statements about collectivistic cultures is true (compared to individualistic cultures)?

All of the answers are correct.

Friendships and other social relationships often involve which type of rewards?

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following contributes to people's inability to detect deception accurately?

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following is an example of passive aggression, as it is defined in the text?

All of these answers are correct.

Why is the discussion of routine, mundane tasks important to consider in long-term romantic relationships?

All of these answers are correct.

Frank and Samantha just received a large inheritance when Samantha's grandmother passed away. Samantha said she wanted to use the money to build an addition onto their house. Frank countered that he wanted to buy a more fuel-efficient car. Which of the following is true about this situation?

All of these are true.

Lucia has a classmate named Morgan that she has started being attracted to. At first, she didn't know what it was about him that she liked, but now she knows that she likes how calm he is. Usually, her life is fast paced, but whenever she is with him she feels like she can relax. She was attracted by what?

Attracted by Complimentarity

Salome has just gotten a new job, does more projects, and enjoys occasionally eating lunch with her new co-workers. Her girlfriend gets worried about this and asks if there is a problem in their relationship. Salome says no that she wants to be with Eve but wants to be able to do her own thing. What kind of dialect tension are we seeing her experience?

Autonomy Vs. Connection

Let's say you're friends with your co-worker, Eric, who's up for a promotion. Which of the following reflects the task dimension of your relationship?

Based on his performance, you don't feel Eric deserves the promotion.

Nani grew up in a family, with a loving couple that adopted her when she was two. What kind of family does she live in?

Blended Family

Stacey has noticed that she and her partner have started to spend more time apart. When they finally are together, they usually don't talk about problems and tend to stick to safe topics on which they both agree. What stage of relationship dissolution is this?

Circumscribing

Maria and Juanita are messaging each other on Instagram about a problem within their friend group. Maria doesn't want to make the situation worse, and things are already tense, what should she do to prevent it from escalating?

Clarify anything that might be misunderstood

________ is the desire to stay in a relationship no matter what happens.

Commitment

Which of the following is NOT one of the common conflict metaphors identified in your textbook?

Conflict is a hammer

When John and his wife usually get into disagreements, they usually tend to "agree to disagree," which allows them to sidestep the conflict. However, that also means that many of these disagreements go unresolved. What kind of couple are they?

Conflict-Avoiding Couple

Mauricio and his girlfriend are having an argument. During the argument she doesn't really seem to be listening to him and instead makes statements like "it's not my fault!" or "it's not fair!". What kind of problematic behavior is this?

Defensiveness

Elizabeth and Aaron had been married for six months when Elizabeth started to feel dissatisfied in their relationship. Although Aaron was a nice person and fun to be around, he didn't do any of the cooking or cleaning, despite the fact that both of them worked full-time. Elizabeth's dissatisfaction was likely due to the fact that

Elizabeth expected an equitable investment in household chores from Aaron.

Jessica is interviewing for a job, but during it she exaggerates the level of responsibility she had at her last job. She did this to make her look more qualified than she actually is. This is known as...

Exaggeration

Coco and Ivan are going to their grandparents, from their mother's side, this weekend. What type of family are they Coco and Ivan?

Extended Family

Deception done for the right reasons is not really deception.

False

Dialectical tensions are rare in most intimate relationships.

False

It is impossible to lie if everything you say is true.

False

Most couples tend to progress through the stages of coming together in the same way.

False

Mother, son, grandfather, and aunt are all examples of family roles.

False

People in arranged marriages are usually unhappy with their relationship.

False

Pupil dilation usually decreases when people are being deceptive.

False

Research indicates that becoming friends with your customers is almost always bad for business.

False

Research indicates that most American households are headed by a married couple.

False

Smoking cigarettes is worse for your health than not having close friendships.

False

The topics that gay and lesbian couples experience conflict over tend to differ from the conflict topics of heterosexual couples.

False

Mary usually tells untrue information as though it were true. For example, she tells her classmates that she usually gets As on the assignments, when in truth she is a C student. This is known as...

Falsification

Which of the following statements about similarity is false?

Forming relationships with people unlike ourselves is more interesting and enjoyable.

Which of the following statements about friendships is false?

Friendships are the same for women and men.

Marise and Jonathan have been friends for a long time after they met at an AA (Alcoholics Anonymous) meeting. Marise enjoys her friendship with him because they check in with each other to make sure they aren't falling into bad habits. What kind of relationship reward would this be considered?

Health Rewards

Felix had been angry with his roommate Hector for some time. Hector was always playing his music so loudly that Felix couldn't concentrate, much less have a conversation on the telephone. Despite his anger, he hadn't expressed his feelings to Hector. Which of the following is true of this situation?

Hector and Felix are not engaged in conflict because conflict must be expressed.

________ attraction is the force that draws people together to form relationships.

Interpersonal

Which of the following is NOT one of the health benefits of marriage identified in your textbook?

Married people have better sexual health.

Whenever Sam and Tony go out to eat, he finds that he usually pays for meals because Tony often "forgets" his wallet. What cost is this relationship having on him?

Material Cost

Cecilia is taking a quiz in her calculus class. She looks over to her friend, Jamie, and she sees that her friend is cheating on her exam, but chooses to say nothing because that's her friend. What kind of lie is this?

Middle-Stakes Lie

Martha's little sister asks how her new relationship is going. On one hand, she wants to confide in her as a way of reinforcing her closeness to her. On the other hand, she feels it's best to keep some of the details to herself out of respect for her partner's privacy. What is likely happening?

Openness Vs. Closedness

Whenever there is a conflict episode in his family, Joel will go to any lengths to try to reduce conflict. Sometimes he might even simply agree with whatever anyone says to keep others from getting angry. What role does he play in the family?

Placater

Steven feels that Ava has been disrespectful by taking things without asking him and that he can no longer trust her. What conflict dimension is this?

Relational Dimension

Valentine is a supervisor who has power over his employees, for instance, because he pays them and can promote them for doing what he says. What kind of power is this?

Reward Power

June's boyfriend wants her to split their vacation time between kayaking and being with his or her family. She perceives that they won't have adequate time for both activities. What are June and her boyfriend fighting about?

Scarce Resources

Lola is going to school out of town, but her mom wants her to come for Christmas dinner. She loves her mom but she starts making up reasons as to why she can't make it home. She does this so that she doesn't have to listen to her aunt's inevitable criticism about her. What was the reason for the deception?

Some lies help you protect yourself from distress

Marcus's co-worker asked him how he was, and even though he was having problems at home, he said "fine". He lied because he didn't want to discuss his domestic situation with her. What was the reason for him deceiving her?

Some lies protect your privacy

Lupita and Julio have spent almost every day together and consider themselves best friends. They have even found that their outlook of the world has been influenced by the other person's views. What kind of friendship is this?

Stabilized Friendship

Daniel and his parents are trying to decide where they will go for the family vacation. He is now 24 and has started to voice and help out in the decision process. What relationship is this?

Symmetrical Relationship

Julia and Marcus have been together for a long time. At dinner, her friends ask her what it is about them that she likes best. She thinks about it for a few minutes before saying that she likes how dependable he is. What interpersonal attraction is this an example of?

Task Attraction

Deception has several basic elements. Which of the following is NOT among them?

The receiver must believe the information is true.

When Ronaldo bought his new flat-screen television, he was surprised at the cost differences between some of the models. When he asked the salesperson for help, the salesperson assured him that the lower-end models could display the same high-definition channels as the more expensive ones. Because he was on a tight budget, Ronaldo took the salesperson's advice and bought a cheaper model. Only when he got his TV home did Ronaldo realize that he needed to purchase an expensive converter box to actually receive HD channels. Which of the following statements is true about this scenario?

The salesperson engaged in deception by omission.

How have researchers typically studied deceptive behaviors in cross-cultural environments?

They focus their research on the speaker's nonverbal cues.

Stephen stayed out late and did not finish his report. To avoid being fired, he told his boss that his internet crashed and was unable to send the report. This is an example of which of the following reasons that people deceive?

To help him avoid punishment

As an approach to structuring families and communities, patriarchy is virtually universal.

True

Just because friendship is voluntary, that doesn't mean we choose our friends arbitrarily.

True

Many forms of politeness and discretion involve being deceptive.

True

Most relationships have some measure of interdependence; what differentiates them is their degree of interdependence.

True

One of the most common ways people discover they've been lied to is from third-party information.

True

Our truth bias is usually stronger for friends than for strangers.

True

Referent power derives from one's admiration for, and attraction to, another.

True

Siblings usually comprise a child's first peer group.

True

Single-parent families can include biological children, step-children, and/or adopted children.

True

The goal of collaboration is to identify a "win-win" solution to a conflict.

True

The strength of the immune system is predicted by the way people handle conflict, particularly in romantic relationships.

True

To qualify as conflict, a struggle or disagreement has to be expressed.

True

When lying to a stranger, one will usually be more successful doing so in a face-to-face conversation than in an email message.

True

Work relationships usually involve both a task dimension and a social dimension.

True

When spouses in a heterosexual marriage engage in the demand-withdraw pattern, who is most likely to demand and who is more likely to withdraw?

Women are most likely to demand; men are most likely to withdraw.

Which conflict-management strategy involves a high concern for the other party but a low concern for the self?

accommodating

All of the following tips are useful for managing a conflict online except

always respond using the same communication medium

When we experience any form of attraction for someone else, we are likely to engage in ________ behaviors, which signal our interest in another person.

approach

Jordan wants to feel emotionally close to his girlfriend, but he also wants to make his own decisions. Which dialectical tension is he experiencing?

autonomy-connectedness

Research shows that which of the following is positively related to your job satisfaction?

being friends with your co-workers and boss

Which of the following would tend to increase your chances of detecting deception, according to research?

being lied to by a highly motivated liar

Which of the following is NOT one of the health detriments associated with conflict described in your text?

calcium deposits in the kidneys

Which term refers to the practice of using false information, including stolen or edited photographs, to create a fake online persona?

catfishing

What term refers to your realistic expectation of what you think you deserve from a relationship?

comparison level

According to deception research, which of the following behavioral changes is a reliable cue to deception?

decreased gesturing

When his girlfriend asks if he really loves her, Ramon gives her a vague, ambiguous response. Which form of deception is he attempting?

equivocation

Frank's grandfather loved to fish. Every time he came back from the lake, he described catching and releasing a bigger and bigger fish. We can infer from this story that Frank's grandfather likely engaged in

exaggeration

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a close relationship?

focus on independence

When engaged in interpersonal conflict, ________ is the practice of saving up past grievances and bringing them all up at the same time.

gunnysacking

Ethan and Mark have frequent conflicts because Ethan wants to get a new dog, but Mark wants to wait until they are more settled down. What are Mark and Ethan arguing about?

incompatible Goals

Luz is upset with her boyfriend, so she deliberately flirts with other men in front of him. What kind of conflict is this?

indirect Conflict

When forming online relationships, which of the following strategies reduces uncertainty the most?

interactive

What reflects the resources we put into a relationship?

investment

From a legal perspective, what is the most heavily regulated relationship in the United States?

marital relationships

Jon recently stopped a conflict with his girlfriend, Ana, and said to her, "You don't know how to have a disagreement without losing your temper and swearing!" Ana replied, "Well at least I want to confront the issues instead of avoiding them!" Jon and Ana's exchange is an example of

meta-conflict.

Which of the following reasons is most commonly cited for ending a friendship due to changes in life circumstances?

moving away

During conflict episodes, someone playing which family role tends to agree with whatever is said in order to keep others from getting angry?

placater

Which of the following is NOT a relational maintenance behavior?

predictability

Which type of sexual harassment includes requesting romantic or sexual favors in exchange for preferential treatment at work?

quid pro quo

When you meet Carrie, you are drawn to her as a friend because she is an excellent piano player, just like you are. This is an example of which form of attraction?

task attraction