Intro Psych chapter 14

What is unselfish concern for the welfare of others?

Altruism

What is Altruism?

Altruism is unselfish concern for the welfare of others.

What is an A-B problem?

An A-B problem is the issue of how well we can predict behavior on the basis of attitudes.

What is an enduring mental representation of a person, place, or thing that typically evokes an emotional response and related behavior?

Attitude

What is Attitude?

Attitude is an enduring mental representation of a person, place, or thing that typically evokes an emotional response and related behavior.

What is the view that people tend to choose persons similar to themselves in attractiveness and attitudes in the formation of interpersonal relationships?

Attraction-similarity hypothesis.

What is an attitude of liking or disliking (negative attraction)?

Attraction.

In persuasive arguments, What is providing substantive information about the issues involved?

Central Route.

What is hostile behavior that is directed against groups toward whom one is prejudiced?

Discrimination

What is discrimination?

Discrimination is hostile behavior that is directed against groups toward whom one is prejudiced.

What is concern that others are evaluating our behavior?

Evaluation apprehension.

What is groupthink?

Groupthink is a process in which group members are influenced by comprehensiveness and a dynamic leader to ignore external realities as they make decisions.

What in interpersonal attraction, is the tendency to return feelings and attitudes that are expressed about us?

Reciprocity.

What is a fixed, conventional idea about a group?

Stereotype.

What is attraction-similarity hypothesis?

Attraction-similarity hypothesis is the view that people tend to choose persons similar to themselves in attractiveness and attitudes in the formation of interpersonal relationships.

What is a belief concerning why people behave in a certain way?

Attribution

What is attribution?

Attribution is a belief concerning why people behave in a certain way.

What is attribution process?

Attribution process is the process by which people draw inferences about the motives and traits of others.

What is the process by which people draw inferences about the motives and traits of others?

Attribution process.

What is bystander effect?

Bystander effect is the tendency to avoid helping other people in emergencies when other people are also present and apparently capable of helping.

What is the tendency to avoid helping other people in emergencies when other people are also present and apparently capable of helping?

Bystander effect.

What is the Central route?

Central route in persuasive arguments, is providing substantive information about the issues involved.

What is the view that we are motivated to make our cognitions, or beliefs, consistent with each other and with our behavior?

Cognitive-dissonance theory

What is cognitive-dissonance theory?

Cognitive-dissonance theory is the view that we are motivated to make our cognitions, or beliefs, consistent with each other and with our behavior.

What is a pledge or obligations?

Commitment

What is commitment?

Commitment is a pledge or obligations.

What is to change one's attitudes or overt behavior to adhere to social norms?

Conform

What is Conform?

Conform is to change one's attitudes or overt behavior to adhere to social norms.

What is consummate love?

Consummate love is the ideal form of love within Sternberg's model, which combines passion, intimacy, and commitment.

What is the ideal form of love within Sternberg's model, which combines passion, intimacy, and commitment?

Consummate love.

What is the spreading or sharing of responsibility for a decision or behavior within a group?

Diffusion of responsibility

What is diffusion of responsibility?

Diffusion of responsibility is the spreading or sharing of responsibility for a decision or behavior within a group.

What is an assumption that a person's behavior is determined by internal causes such as personal traits?

Dispositional attribution

What is dispositional attribution?

Dispositional attribution is an assumption that a person's behavior is determined by internal causes such as personal traits.

In cognitive-dissonance theory, What is the tendency to seek justification (acceptable reasons) for strenuous efforts?

Effort justification

What is effort justification?

Effort justification in cognitive-dissonance theory, is the tendency to seek justification (acceptable reasons) for strenuous efforts.

What is Elaboration likelihood model?

Elaboration likelihood model is the view that persuasive messages are evaluated (elaborated) on the basis of central and peripheral cues.

What is the view that persuasive messages are evaluated (elaborated) on the basis of central and peripheral cues?

Elaboration likelihood model.

What is evaluation apprehension?

Evaluation apprehension is concern that others are evaluating our behavior.

What is a type of persuasive communication that influences behavior on the basis of arousing fear instead of rational analysis of the issues?

Fear appeal

What is fear appeal?

Fear appeal is a type of persuasive communication that influences behavior on the basis of arousing fear instead of rational analysis of the issues.

What is foot-in-the-door technique?

Foot-in-the-door technique is a method for inducing compliance in which a small request is followed by a larger request.

What is a method for inducing compliance in which a small request is followed by a larger request?

Foot-in-the-door technique.

What is fundamental attribution error?

Fundamental attribution error is the assumption that others act predominantly on the basis of their dispositions, even when there is evidence suggesting the importance of their circumstances.

What is the assumption that others act predominantly on the basis of their dispositions, even when there is evidence suggesting the importance of their circumstances?

Fundamental attribution error.

What is a process in which group members are influenced by comprehensiveness and a dynamic leader to ignore external realities as they make decisions?

Groupthink

What is peripheral route?

Peripheral route In persuasive arguments, associating viewpoints with tangential issues, such as who endorses a product, rather than the qualities of the product itself.

In persuasive arguments, What is associating viewpoints with tangential issues, such as who endorses a product, rather than the qualities of the product itself?

Peripheral route.

In social psychology,What is taking an extreme position or attitude on an issue?

Polarization

What is polarization?

Polarization in social psychology, is taking an extreme position or attitude on an issue.

What is an attitude toward a group that leads people to evaluate members of that group negatively?

Prejudice

What is prejudice?

Prejudice is an attitude toward a group that leads people to evaluate members of that group negatively.

What is the tendency to evaluate others in terms of first impression?

Primacy effect

What is primacy effect?

Primacy effect is the tendency to evaluate others in terms of first impression.

What is recency effect?

Recency effect is the tendency to evaluate others in terms of the most recent impression.

What is the tendency to evaluate others in terms of the most recent impression?

Recency effect.

What is risky shift?

Risky shift is the tendency to make riskier decisions as a member of a group than as an individual acting independently.

What is the tendency to make riskier decisions as a member of a group than as an individual acting independently?

Risky shift.

What is romantic love?

Romantic love is an intense, positive emotion that involves sexual attraction, feelings of caring, and the belief that one is in love.

What is an intense, positive emotion that involves sexual attraction, feelings of caring, and the belief that one is in love?

Romantic love.

What is turning one's attention from information that is inconsistent with one's attitudes?

Selective avoidance

What is selective avoidance?

Selective avoidance is turning one's attention from information that is inconsistent with one's attitudes.

What is selective exposure?

Selective exposure is deliberately seeking and attending to information that is consistent with one's attitudes.

What is deliberately seeking and attending to information that is consistent with one's attitudes?

Selective exposure.

What are social decision schemes?

Social decision schemes are rules for predicting the final outcome of group decision making.

What are rules for predicting the final outcome of group decision making?

Social decision schemes.

What is social influence?

Social influence is the area of social psychology that studies the ways in which people influence the thoughts, feelings, and behavior of others.

What is the area of social psychology that studies the ways in which people influence the thoughts, feelings, and behavior of others?

Social influence.

What is the process by which a person's performance decreases when other members of a group engage in similar behavior, apparently because the person believes that strenuous effort is unnecessary?

Social loafing

What is Social loafing?

Social loafing is the process by which a person's performance decreases when other members of a group engage in similar behavior, apparently because the person believes that strenuous effort is unnecessary.

What are explicit and implicit rules that reflect social expectations and influence the ways people behave in social situations?

Social norms

What is Social norms?

Social norms are explicit and implicit rules that reflect social expectations and influence the ways people behave in social situations.

What is social perception?

Social perception is a subfield of social psychology that studies the ways in which we form and modify impressions of others.

What is a subfield of social psychology that studies the ways in which we form and modify impressions of others?

Social perception.

What is Stereotype?

Stereotype is a fixed, conventional idea about group.

What is deindividuation?

Deindividuation is the process by which group members may discontinue self-evaluation and adopt group norms and attitudes.

What is the process by which group members may discontinue self-evaluation and adopt group norms and attitudes?

Deindividuation.

What is reciprocity?

Reciprocity in interpersonal attraction, is the tendency to return feelings and attitudes that are expressed about us.

What is the issue of how well we can predict behavior on the basis of attitudes?

A-B problem

What is actor-observer effect?

Actor-observer effect is the tendency to attribute our own behavior to situational factors but to attribute the behavior of others to dispositional factors.

What is the tendency to attribute our own behavior to situational factors but to attribute the behavior of others to dispositional factors?

Actor-observer effect.

What is affective shift hypothesis?

Affective shift hypothesis is the view that men and women tend to experience different shifts in the emotions following initiation of sexual activity, such that women feel more love and commitment, and many men experience less love and commitment.

What is the view that men and women tend to experience different shifts in the emotions following initiation of sexual activity, such that women feel more love and commitment, and many men experience less love and commitment?

Affective shift hypothesis.

What is Intimacy?

Intimacy is close acquaintance and familiarity; a characteristic of a relationship in which partners share their inmost feelings.

What is close acquaintance and familiarity; a characteristic of a relationship in which partners share their inmost feelings?

Intimacy.

What is strong romantic and sexual feelings?

Passion

What is passion?

Passion is strong romantic and sexual feelings.

What is self-serving bias?

Self-serving bias is the tendency to view one's successes as stemming from internal factors and one's failure as stemming from external factors.

What is the tendency to view one's successes as stemming from internal factors and one's failure as stemming from external factors?

Self-serving bias.

What is situational attribution?

Situational attribution is an assumption that a person's behavior is determined by external circumstances such as the social pressure found in a situation.

What is an assumption that a person's behavior is determined by external circumstances such as the social pressure found in a situation?

Situational attribution.

What is the field of psychology that studies the nature and causes of behavior and mental processes in social situations?

Social Psychology

What is Social psychology?

Social Psychology is the field of psychology that studies the nature and causes of behavior and mental processes in social situations.

What is social facilitation?

Social facilitation is the process by which a person's performance increases when other members of a group engage in similar behavior.

What is the process by which a person's performance increases when other members of a group engage in similar behavior?

Social facilitation.

What is triangular model of love?

Triangular model of love is Sternberg's view that love involves combinations of three components: intimacy, passion, and commitment.

What is Sternberg's view that love involves combinations of three components: intimacy, passion, and commitment?

Triangular model of love.

What is attraction?

Attraction in social psychological, is an attitude of liking or disliking (negative attraction).

What is Attitude-discrepant behavior?

Attitude-discrepant behavior is behavior inconsistent with an attitude that may have the effect or modifying and attitude.

What is behavior inconsistent with an attitude that may have the effect or modifying and attitude?

Attitude-discrepant behavior.