Intro to Business CH. 9

According to Theory X, workers _____ their work.

dislike every facet of

_____ proposed a theory of motivation based on universal human needs.

Abraham Maslow

According to the Hawthorne effect,:

workers respond to being paid attention to

Theories X and Y management styles are the result of studies by:

Douglas McGregor

Which of the following statements about Maslow's hierarchy of needs is true?

Maslow claimed an upper level of need was not activated until a lower level of need was satisfied.

An employee who was more worried about having a safe work environment and a financially sound pension plan than anything else would be most concerned with which of the needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs? esteem needs safety needs social needs self-actualization needs physiological needs

Safety needs

A manufacturing company in which industrial engineers have maximized efficiency by determining the best way to perform every task from tightening a bolt to operating a forklift would be illustrative of:

Scientific Management

Fourteen million office workers in the US have their online activities under constant surveillance, according to the Denver-based Privacy Foundation. Worldwide, it reckons the number of employees under such surveillance totals around 27 million people. According to the foundation's Workplace Surveillance Project the low cost of snooping technology is the main reason why employers are employing a _____approach to management.

Theory X

The _____ style of management is based on a pessimistic view of human nature and assumes that the average person dislikes work, will try to avoid work, prefers to be directed, avoids responsibility, and wants security above all else.

Theory X

A Theory X manager would assume his or her workers are:

lazy employees who can't be trusted

The original Hawthorne studies were set up to study:

lighting

Bart Pietz works as a paramedic. Because he has just worked a plane crash and has been 20 hours without rest, he is extremely sleepy. Pietz needs to satisfy his _____ need.

physiological needs

Which of the following is NOT a need identified in Maslow's hierarchy of needs? social needs psychological needs safety needs esteem needs physiological needs

psychological needs

According to Maslow, people need to feel secure, to be protected from physical harm, and to avoid the unexpected. These needs are called _____ needs. belonging psychological self-actualization physiological safety

safety

Many rock and roll fans believe that Jimi Hendrix was the best guitarist ever and that he stretched his ability to the utmost. According to Maslow's theory of need, Hendrix more than likely satisfied his _____ need.

self-actualization

When Maslow wrote, "A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, if he is to be at peace with himself. What a man can be, he must be," he was more than likely referring to man's:

self-actualization needs

In Maslow's theory, the need to belong to informal social groups both on and off the job is an example of _____ needs.

social needs

According to _____, workers respond to attention from superiors, and they like their opinions to be valued.

the Hawthorne Effect

A group of management consultants is studying OGSI Manufacturing and its team management strategy. Once Pete Jazoni's work group was selected for special attention by the management consultants, the work group's production output nearly doubled. Jazoni's group's reaction to the special attention is an example of:

the Hawthorne effect

Elton Mayo, America's first industrial psychologist, was responsible for formulating:

the explanation of the Hawthorne Effect