Intro to Communications Final- WGU

Which of the following is a reason people terminate relationships? a. aggression b. compliance-gaining c. personal idioms d. behavioral flexibility

a. aggression

According to the textbook, first impressions a. are based on comparisons to ourselves b. provide accuracy in our perceptions of others c. involve group communications among different groups d. occur independent of the communication context

a. are based on comparisons to ourselves

The tendency to fill in missing information to complete an otherwise incomplete figure or statement is called: a. closure b. proximity c. similarity d. verbal communication e. perception checking

a. closure

Which term refers to communication between two people? a. dyadic communication b. intrapersonal communication c. small-group communication d. synthetic communication

a. dyadic communication

Which two concepts seem most closely related? a. egocentrism and personal bias b. defensiveness and self-focus c. experiential superiority and defensivenes d. personal bias and defensiveness

a. egocentrism and personal bias

Listening that is considered active and involves understanding the perspective of another person is called a. empathic listening b. verbal listening c. assessment listening d. perception checking e. critical listening

a. empathic listening

Which of the following is NOT a context of communication? a. feedback b. intrapersonal c. interpersonal d. public

a. feedback

Children with higher levels of language development are more likely to a. have more efficient working memory b. have less efficient working memory c. develop better hearing skills d. have less efficient hearing skills

a. have more efficient working memory

Upon walking into a crowded bar on a Friday night, Daniel begins to get uncomfortable because it is so crowded. There are many people very close to him and some even bumping into him as they pass. These people are in Daniel's a. intimate space b. personal space c. social space d. public space

a. intimate space

Which of the following is the least public form of communication a. intrapersonal b. interpersonal c. group d. organizational

a. intrapersonal

The phrases "This will be on your quiz Friday" and "The second type of listening is..." are examples of a. lecture cues b. nonverbal cues c. schema d. ethical listening behaviors

a. lecture cues

Which of the following would NOT be an example of an identity factor that affects perception? a. mental distractions such as daydreaming b. transgender identity c. a background in Roman Catholicism d. a woman who weighs ninety-seven pounds

a. mental distractions such as daydreaming

The idea that our past experiences lead us to see the world in a particular way that is difficult to change is called a. perceptual constancy b. selective retention c. cultural selection d. stubbornness

a. perceptual constancy

The concept that suggests that your roommate is more likely to become your friend that a person ten blocks away is known as a. proximity b. similarity c. collaboration d. familiarity

a. proximity

Semantics can be defined as the a. science of meaning in language b. study of transformational grammar c. discipline devoted to creating words d. systematic examination of spelling and syntax

a. science of meaning in language

When you remember how wonderful your mother was but forget how often she made you feel inadequate, then you are exhibiting the perception concept called a. selective retention b. stereotyping c. sexual discrimination d. selective attention

a. selective retention

Communication begins with the a. self b. other c. dyad d. group

a. self

Communication by touch is called a. tactile communication b. affect displays c. territoriality d. kinesics

a. tactile communication

Which of the following is NOT an effective means of using verbal communication when listening? a. use evaluative, nondescriptive comments b. ask questions c. provide affirmative and affirming statements d. vary verbal responses

a. use evaluative, nondescriptive comments

Which of the following statements is false? a. women exhibit discomfort at the small space they are allowed by others b. women and children are given little space in our American culture c. women and children desire more relational closeness than do males in our society d. men tend to take more room because they are usually bigger in height and weight

a. women exhibit discomfort at the small space they are allowed by others

Which of the following about active listening is FALSE? a. Active listening is "involved listening with a purpose" b. Active listening and empathic listening are the same thing c. Active listening is characterized by movement, change, and responsiveness on the part of the listener d. Active listening implies feedback to the speaker

b. Active listening and empathic listening are the same thing

Which of the following is an example of indexing? a. Fords get great gas mileage b. My Shih Tzu chews on everything. Does yours do that as well? c. Everyone in the Midwest farms d. All landlords are unhelpful

b. My Shih Tzu chews on everything. Does yours do that as well

Which of the following is the best example of concreteness? a. I'm from the States b. My hometown is Isle, Minnesota, population 409 c. Sure, I'm from the Midwest d. The place where I'm from is the friendliest town in America

b. My hometown is Isle, Minnesota, population 409

Which of the following is a good example of a complimentary relationship? a. She likes him a lot, but he doesn't think much of her b. She is shy, and he likes to speak for both of them c. She and he are both good at math, so together they do the family budget d. She and he both like food, so they both enjoy every meal

b. She is shy, and he likes to speak for both of them

Which of the following is an example of hearing rather than listening? a. He heard what she said and responded with an appropriate answer b. The sound of firecrackers filled the nighttime air c. He heard the sound outside and decided the noise must have been a car accident d. She heard his cry for help and reacted by immediately calling the rescue squad

b. The sound of firecrackers filled the nighttime air

With whom are you most likely to stand the closest? a. a state senator from another state b. a person of the same race c. a person who is obviously physically handicapped d. a stranger

b. a person of the same race

Which type of need can only be fulfilled through interpersonal interaction? a. safety b. affection c. security d. information

b. affection

Which of the following would be the reason an individual looking at a class picture might see his or her own face first? a. because of its proximity to the other faces b. because it is figure and the rest of the class is ground c. because it is the image that allows closure d. because it is ground and the rest of the class is figure

b. because it is figure and the rest of the class is ground

"The ability to alter behavior in order to adapt to new situations and to relate in new ways when necessary" is a definition of a. androgyny b. behavioral flexibility c. passages d. complementary relationships

b. behavioral flexibility

When you paraphrase the speaker's message or intent, ask questions or invite corrections, you are a. encountering a barrier to listening b. checking your understanding or perception of the speaker c. engaging in listening for enjoyment d. employing nonverbal listening behaviors

b. checking your understanding or perception of the speaker

The "systematic arrangement of symbols to create meaning in the mind of another" is known as a. feedback b. code c. meaning d. context

b. code

Iakopa is good at writing and understanding literature; Marian is a whiz at mathematics and statistics; together, they make a great pair. The concept of friendship illustrated here is a. symmetry b. complimentarity c. responsiveness d. proximity

b. complimentarity

When you analyze the speaker in a situation to make judgments about the message presented you are engaging in a. active listening b. critical thinking c. second-person observation d. long-term memory

b. critical thinking

Li, Sarena, and Elini are having an in-depth conversation about a previous relationship that was abusive. Each of the women is participating equally. What type of descriptor most accurately describes this conversation? a. persuasive b. dialogic c. transmission d. failure

b. dialogic

College students spend approximately what proportion of their time listening to others and the mass media? a. 50 percent b. 25 percent c. 75 percent d. 65 percent

a. 50 percent

Rosa and Mike are out on a date. During the course of the conversation, Mike tells Rosa that his parents recently got divorced. After hearing this, Rosa felt compelled to tell Mike that her parents were divorced when she was very young. What factor affecting self-disclosure can be identified here? a. disclosure might be avoided for a variety of reasons b. Disclosure tends to be reciprocal c. Disclosure helps build relationships d. Relational satisfaction and disclosure are curvilinearly related

b. disclosure tends to be reciprocal

Erving Goffman's theory of self-presentation is based on what type of perspective? a. psychology b. dramaturgy c. statistics d. definitional

b. dramaturgy

Raymond and Terry have a strong relationship and share many things with each other. At times, however, Raymond feels that Terry wants to know what he is doing at all times. Which dialectical tension is Raymond most likely experiencing? a. integration and separation b. expression and privacy c. stability and change d. old and new

b. expression and privacy

A person that gets so involved in the particulars that she misses the main point is demonstrating an example of a. semantic distraction b. factual distraction c. mental distraction d. physical distraction

b. factual distraction

In which stage of how friends develop do people determine that they have mutual interests or other common ground? a. role-limited interaction b. friendly relations c. nascent friendship d. stabilized friendship

b. friendly relations

"You need to remember this because it will be on the quiz." What type of lecture cue is this statement? a. semantic b. importance c. nonverbal d. organizational

b. importance

if Anu was unable to control his communication in a way that presented an "idealized" version of himself, he would be lacking in a. self-accrual b. impression management c. interaction control d. symbolic portrayal

b. impression management

Saying "uh huh" to indicate you understand is using what is classified as a. verbal code b. nonverbal code c. language code d. linguistic code

b. nonverbal code

The study of nonword sounds that communicate meaning is called a. kinesics b. paralinguistics c. objectics d. artifacts

b. paralinguistics

The same button feeding fish known as bullheads in Minnesota are called catfish in Ohio. This language phenomenon is classified as a. slang b. regionalism c. euphemism d. colloquialism

b. regionalism

Dante was walking across campus in a hurry. On the way, he saw his friend Aarav, who he hadn't seen in quite some time. Dante stopped and told Aarav his cell phone number and told him to call him later. Just a few seconds after Dante left, Aarav already had forgotten the number. This would be because the information only went as far as Aarav's a. schema b. short-term memory c. long-term memory d. automatic attention

b. short-term memory

Which of the following terms is NOT part of the definition of communication a. process b. signs c. meaning d. messages

b. signs

Which statement about stereotyping is true? a. stereotyping occurs when we have had a long time to form an informed opinion about someone b. some stereotypes are positive c. our stereotypes of people from different groups are often positive d. we try to find similarities between ourselves and the people we stereotype

b. some stereotypes are positive

The opposite of defensive communication is a. descriptive communication b. supportive communication c. provisional communication d. neutral communication

b. supportive communication

A relationship in which the two people are very similar is called a. complimentary relationship b. symmetrical relationship c. cost-benefit relationship d. independent relationship

b. symmetrical relationship

Semantics is a. considered persuasive messages when engaging in conversation b. the study of the way humans use language to evoke meaning in others c. the practice of describing observed behavior instead of offering personal reactions or judgements d. the idea that we need to select our friends and loved ones from people who demonstrate positive interest in us e. words or phrases specific to a particular region or particular part of the country

b. the study of the way humans use language to evoke meaning in others

The word communication comes from the Latin communicare, which means a. "to speak with understanding." b. "to make common." c. "to form a community of believers." d. "to care for others."

b. to make common

Nonverbal codes: a. consist of symbols and their grammatical arrangement b. are a systematic arrangement of symbols used to create meaning in the minds of another person or persons c. are all symbols that are not words, including bodily movements, the use of space and time, and sounds other than words d. are any interference in the encoding and decoding processes that reduces the clarity of the message e. are the location where the communication takes place

c. are all symbols that are not words, including bodily movements, the use of space and time, and sounds other than words

Which of the following is an example of a physical distraction to listening? a. "I didn't know what he said because I was so worried about what the kids were doing in my absence." b. "Are you kidding? All I could think about was my vacation that starts tomorrow." c. "The two people talking in the row ahead of me kept me from catching very much of this lecture." d. "I could not pay attention to anything she said after she mentioned feminist theory"

c. "The two people talking in the row ahead of me kept me from catching very much of this lecture."

Which of the following statements is descriptive as opposed to evaluative? a. That test was the toughest torture I've experienced b. That test made my hair stand on end c. I counted twenty questions of which I was uncertain d. I think I flunked the test because it was unfair

c. I counted twenty questions of which I was uncertain

What is one strategy for appropriate self-disclosure in interpersonal relationships? a. Gradually decrease disclosure as your relationship develops b. Disclose all information, even if it might cause you personal harm c. Reveal information to others as they reveal information to you d. Remember that disclosure is the same across all cultures

c. Reveal information to others as they reveal information to you

Which of the following is an inference? a. I see that road is narrow and curvy b. There is no shoulder, and there is no centerline c. The road appears dangerous for ordinary travel d. The trees grow close to the road, thus reducing light

c. The road appears dangerous for ordinary travel

Personal identity is: a. a message designed to strategically induce change in an audience b. the advertiser's message of persuading an audience with fast-paced and dazzling visualization of product c. a perception of what makes an individual unique with regard to various personality characteristics, interests, and values d. a web of contacts and relationships that can help you gain job leads and can provide job referrals e. a group of people excluded from another group with a higher status

c. a perception of what makes an individual unique with regard to various personality characteristics, interests, and values

Two men are arguing at the bar when the smaller one says something unkind about the other's mother. The bigger fellow glares straight ahead at his opponent. He is using a nonverbal sign that is best described as being an a. illustrator b. emblem c. affect display d. adaptor

c. affect display

Which type of facial expression will likely receive the most attention a. neutral b. happy c. angry d. sad

c. angry

Tinnitus is something that would be most likely to affect your a. nonverbal gestures b. listening c. hearing d. speaking

c. hearing

When a person leans forward and has a positive facial expression, he or she is exhibiting the concept of a. status b. chronemics c. liking d. responsiveness

c. liking

In which stage of how friends develop do people think of themselves as friends and begin to establish their own private ways of interacting? a. role-limited interaction b. friendly relations c. nascent friendship d. stabilized friendship

c. nascent friendship

three basic interpersonal needs that are satisfied through interaction with others, according to psychologist William Schultz, are a. wants, needs, and perceptions b. analysis, reasoning, and assessment c. need for inclusion, affection, and control d. assessment, control, and analysis e. control, evaluation, and assessment

c. need for inclusion, affection, and control

When you do not listen well because you are daydreaming, it is because of a. encoding b. semantic distractions c. noise d. channeling

c. noise

A person groups stimuli into meaningful units during which part of perception? a. selection b. interpretation c. organization d. interactionism

c. organization

A distance of 10 feet between two people when talking is what Edward T. Hall referred to as a. intimate distance b. personal distance c. social distance d. public distance

c. social distance

Which of the following is true about men's listening behaviors as compared to women's listening behaviors? a. Women interrupt more often b. Men like more complex information that requires careful evaluation c. Women like short, concise communication d. Men listen in order to take action and solve problems

d. Men listen in order to take action and solve problems

Pria's boyfriend Leonard doesn't tell her about his family anymore. This makes her upset with their relationship. What factor affecting self-disclosure can be identified here? a. Disclosure might be avoided for a variety of reasons b. Disclosure tends to be reciprocal c. Disclosure helps build relationships d. Relational satisfaction and disclosure are curvilinearly related

d. Relational satisfaction and disclosure are curvilinearly related

Which of the following is essential to demonstrating active listening? a. Lean back in your chair b. Keep a tense body posture c. Sit without crossing your arms and legs d. Sit or stand so you are directly facing the speaker

d. Sit or stand so you are directly facing the speaker

Which of the following is not necessarily part of the process of listening? a. The stimuli are picked up by the ear b. The nerves sensations to the brain c. The brain assigns meaning to the stimuli d. The receiver responds with a return message

d. The receiver responds with a return message

Which of the following does NOT accurately describe what we mean when we say language is personal? a. we each have different vocabularies b. we develop our own expressions to describe our own reality c. we have different levels of experience that limit or expand our capacity to communicate ideas and things d. We each have developed language without the influence of our age, gender, or personality

d. We each have developed language without the influence of our age, gender, or personality

Knowing how communication affects self perception can lead to greater: a. apprehension b. communication competency c. awareness and appreciation of the self d. breakdown of communication messages e. communication breakdowns

c. awareness and appreciation of the self

Carmella and Jesus are sitting in a coffee shop having a friendly conversation. What descriptor of their communication interaction is most accurate? a. group communication b. intrapersonal communication c. dyadic communication d. linguistic communication

c. dyadic communication

Empathic listening differs from active listening in that a. active listening is one kind of empathic listening b. active and empathic listening are both purposeful c. empathic listening adds to the goal of understanding d. empathic listening invites more feedback

c. empathic listening adds to the goal of understanding

Relationships in which the two people are not romantically involved but have a sexual relationship is called a. nascent friends b. stabilized friends c. friends with benefits d. diminished friendships

c. friends with benefits

When you meet someone for the first time, you are forming a. an in group b. an impression management assessment c. a negative relationship d. a first impression e. an assessment

d. a first impression

Language that puts down people for being young or old is a. gender-biased language b. racist language c. heterosexist language d. ageist language

d. ageist language

Which of the following is a limitation of short-term memory? a. automatic attention b. inability to access schema c. lack of stimulus cues from working memory d. can only hold five to nine "bits" of information on average

d. can only hold five to nine "bits" of information on average

Rashi and Anita marry because they are of the same cultural background. This is most likely what type of relationship? a. asymmetrical b. symmetrical c. co-cultural d. ethnocentric

d. ethnocentric

Juan, who is majoring in political science, is giving a speech in class about the Electoral College. During his speech, he often talks very intimately about the legal functions and rules of the Electoral College. Juan ultimately bores his audience and does not get a very strong grade. What error might Juan have committed with his language usage? a. irony b. paraphrase c. colloquialisms d. jargon

d. jargon

The ability to listen to, mentally process, and recall lecture information is called a. assessment listening b. dyadic communication c. message appeal d. lecture listening e. information literacy

d. lecture listening

James is at home watching a politically oriented discussion show on cable TV. One of the commentators is making arguments that are faulty, which makes James very angry. But James cannot express that to the commentator on TV. James is feeling tr he frustrations of which context of communication? a. intrapersonal communication b. interpersonal communication c. public context d. mass context

d. mass context

The accumulation of various types of mass communication (radio, television, newspapers, internet, etc.) into one medium is called a. technological convergence b. organizational convergence c. inherent convergence d. media convergence

d. media convergence

The component of communication that consists of facial expressions, words, and phrases is the a. channel b. nonverbal code c. verbal code d. message

d. message

Which association is NOT a part of the textbook definition of interpersonal relationships? a. one between two or more people who are interdependent b. one between two or more people who have interacted for some period of time c. one between two or more people who use some consistent patterns of interaction d. one between two or more people who exhibit affection toward each other

d. one between two or more people who exhibit affection toward each other

Communication that is used to establish a mood sociability rather than to communicate important information or ideas is referred to as: a. political correctness b. persuasion c. positive thinking approach d. phatic communication e. pathos

d. phatic communication

Which of the following is NOT cited in the book as one of the three main reasons differences in perception occur? a. identity factors b. past experiences c. present feelings and circumstances d. present eating habits

d. present eating habits

Which of the following is NOT cited in the book as one of the three reasons difference in perception occur? a. identity factors b. past experience c. present feelings and circumstances d. present eating habits

d. present eating habits

Which of these statements is an example of euphemism? a. toilet b. can c. head d. rest room

d. rest room

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about slang and jargon? a. jargon is likely to be used by technical/professional people b. slang is likely to be used in the neighborhood and on the streets c. jargon is most likely to be used in the workplace d. slang is not understood or used by most people

d. slang is not understood or used by most people

Which of the following are NOT paralinguistic features? a. pitch, rate, and inflection b. volume, voice quality, and silence c. pronunciation, enunciation, and articulation d. sounds with meaning and words without meaning

d. sounds with meaning and words without meaning

A skill in critical listening in which you perceive the speaker as competent and trustworthy is referred to as: a. second-person observation b. first-person observation c. source perception d. source credibility e. verbal reasoning

d. source credibility

Which of the following does NOT relate to the term public communication? a. formality b. structure c. planning d. spontaneity

d. spontaneity

The term that refers to the arrangement of words is a. grammar b. code c. encoding d. syntax

d. syntax

Which of the following statements about language is FALSE? a. words only have meanings that people give to them b. words also have connotative meanings c. the context in which a word occurs helps us determine which of the possible meanings is intended d. the meaning of a word does not change once it is included in the dictionary

d. the meaning of a word does not change once it is included in the dictionary

One of the suggestions for being a better listener in the workplace is to "plan for nuggets." The strategy recommended for doing this involves a. being empathetic when listening to others b. asking others to provide you with feedback c. considering the source of the message d. using a separate column in your notes

d. using a separate column in your notes

Impression management is: a. communication that is perceived b. considered all nonverbal c. similar to mass communication d. managing others in a group setting e. sharing personal details in order to present an idealized self

e. sharing personal details in order to present an idealized self

Public communication is best defined as: a. the process of using messages to generate meanings in a mediated system, between a source and a large number of unseen receivers. b. the process of using messages to generate meanings in a small group of people. c. the process of using messages to generate meanings in a situation in which a speaker transmits a message to a number of receivers. d. two person communication e. the process of using messages to generate meaning between at least two people in a situation that allows musk opportunities for both speaking and listening.

c. the process of using messages to generate meanings in a situation in which a speaker transmits a message to a number of receivers.

Your role(s) affect your communication: a. only during non-verbal communication b. only during verbal communication c. to whom you talk to, how you talk to them, what language to use, and how you respond to feedback d. only during intrapersonal communication e. just in organization and selection within messages

c. to whom you talk to, how you talk to them, what language to use and how you respond to feedback