Intro to Soc Test 3 Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not an example of underemployment?

After his wife gave birth to twins, Jerry quit his job to help raise them.

Juan believes that battles such as the French Revolution are necessary for a country to preserve liberty, to maintain or gain land, and will ultimately lead to a more even distribution of wealth among a population. From which sociological perspective do Juan's thoughts come from?

Conflict theory

Passing on one's heritage, possessions, and wealth is:

Generally based on lineage, which is defined by one's culture and family

Epidemiology is:

HELP

Obesity is rising at the fastest rate in which of the following countries?

High income

Assembling perspective falls under which sociological perspective?

Interactionist

From the functionalist perspective, which of the following is NOT a purpose of government?

Lobbying for domestic corporate interests

Which of the following contributes lower percentage of voter turnout from those who come from lower socioeconomic backgrounds?

Lower-paying jobs frequently have less flexible hours, making time to vote difficult.

Alex's country was once communist, but now allows limited private ownership of companies, and lets market forces determine production and pricing decisions. What kinds of economy is Alex living in?

Market Socialist

Drake lives in Great Britain, where the British government owns and operates the country's health care system. This is an example of ____:

Socialized medicine

Over the past decades, the turnout of minority voters has:

Steadily increased

Which of the following is an example of polarization?

The job market is increasing in the lowest economic levels, and is increasing in the highest economic levels.

Dana's lives in a country which guarantees healthcare for all of its citizens. Dana lives in a country which uses:

Universal healthcare

Acting Crowd

crowds of people who are focused on a specific action or goal

Expressive Crowd

crowds who share opportunities to express emotions

Davis is low on cash, but really wants an electric guitar. He offers to trade his acoustic guitar, for his friend Bill's electric guitar. Davis is engaging in:

Bartering

Hitler was an example of what kind of authority?

Charismatic

What is one of the largest contributors to health problems in low-income countries?

Clean water access

When news of Proposition 8 broke in California in 2008, hundreds of thousands of protestors came together using Twitter, Facebook, and the media to get their message of protest out. Which stage of Blumer and Tilly's social movement outline represents this?

Coalescence stage

Queen Noor of Jordan is a leader of which form of government?

Constitutional monarchy

Which of the following was not among the United Nations eight Millennium Development Goals set in 2000?

Decrease obesity

Which of the following is not a widely contributing factor in social change?

Disease

Why do sociologists find the study of family to be so important when trying to grasp the mores and norms of a culture?

Families provide for each other as well as carry out and teach a particular culture to other members of the family.

If you consider the University of Virginia's National Marriage Project, what can be concluded from their study?

Finances are an important foundation for a successful marriage.

When social movements link their goals to the goals of other social movements and merge into a single group, this is referred to as:

Frame alignment process

Which sociological perspective argues that sick people fill a societal role, and are stigmatized by society if they spend longer in that role than is appropriate?

Functionalism

What was the significance of NAFTA?

It allowed freer trade opportunities for the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

What was the significance of the famous case Reynolds v. Sims?

It reaffirmed the concept that each person's vote should be counted equally.

The U.S. Census Bureau keeps records of different statistics that pertain to families. For example, in 2010, there were three million children who did not live with their parents. 54% of these children were:

Living with their grandparent(s)

Which is one reason that sociologist cite to explain why men and women are delaying marriage until their mid-to-late twenties?

Many young people place education and career higher than marriage on their list of priorities.

Marcy and her three children have been trying to scrape by ever since Marcy's husband was killed in an automobile accident. Given what you know about George Murdock's theory, what would you expect to happen to this family?

Marcy would go back to work and rely on her parents for childcare.

Which of the following is an example of legitimation?

Marley's doctor diagnosing him with bronchitis

Tarah is attending a sold-out Counting Crows concert at Madison Square Garden, with thousands of other Counting Crows fans. Tarah is part of a:

Mass

What is the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and marriage?

Men and women who are married experience less abuse, than those who are separated or cohabitating.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, three fourths of children of divorced parents live with their mother. What impact might this have on the U.S. male population over time?

Men may be more aggressive which may lead to an increase in crime, domestic violence, etc.

If you work with children, why is it important to be ever vigilant for any signs of child abuse?

Most reports of child abuse come from non-relative adults who interact with the child.

The anti-drug campaign in the 1980's encouraged students to "just say no" to put an end to drug use and drug violence. Which type of framing did this campaign use?

Motivational

When Maria married John, she moved to John's house which was adjacent to his parent's house. Her mother-in-law was always over giving Maria advice on everything from decorating to icing cakes. Maria lives in a:

Patrilocal residence

The National Organization for Marriage is a group which travels across the country, condemning homosexuality and advocating against new laws allowing gay marriage. What type of movement are they participating in?

Resistance

PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) is an animal rights group that has over 2 million members across the country and spends millions of dollars on advertising (print, broadcast and social media) in order to spread social awareness about their cause each year. Which theory attempts to explain PETA's success?

Resource mobilization theory

Corporal Punishment is another way of saying:

Spanking

How did Max Weber define power?

The ability to exercise one's will over others

Which of the following would a social epidemiologist be likely to study:

The high cancer rates surrounding a large manufacturing plant in New Mexico

Which of the following best defines the term globalization?

The process of integrating governments, cultures, and financial markets through international trade into a single world market.

Which factors do sociologists suspect were the cause for such a high divorce rate during the 1960's?

There was an increase in women working outside of the home, and also, greater social acceptance of divorce.

Watching television shows can be a good way to understand and study families because:

They teach us how a family on screen can represent the values of the era in which they aired

To a conflict theorist, marriage and families are fascinating because:

Within the family are social standings and power struggles

Conventional Crowd

people who come together for a regularly scheduled event

Casual Crowd

people who share close proximity without really interacting

Polygyny is:

A man who is married to more than one woman at the same time

What is the relationship, if any, between people who cohabitate and then get married, and those people who wait to live together after they marry?

Cohabitating, unmarried partners have a slightly higher divorce rate after they get married than those who don't cohabitate until after marriage.

According to Neil Smelser, several conditions must be in place for _________________ to occur?

Collective behavior

Which sociologist saw political conflict as the only means of promoting positive change for the underprivileged?

Karl Marx

When a number of young, gay men in New York, San Francisco and Los Angeles began dying of a mysterious disease in the early 1980's, the public began referring to the disease as "the gay cancer," stigmatizing the disease for doctors and patients. This is an example of:

The cultural meaning of illness

Please define representative democracy:

A government wherein citizens elect officials to represent their interests

The term xenophobiacan best be defined as:

An illogical fear and even hatred of foreigners and foreign goods.

Kendra believes the U.S. government to be corrupt, and thinks that there should be no governing force to control people's lives. Kendra believes in:

Anarchy

Chip believes that individuals in crowds behave rationally, and thinks crowds are engaging in purposeful behavior and collective action. What sociological perspective is Chip referring to?

Assembling

The United States healthcare system consists of:

Public and private insurance coverage

Terrence and his family own a farm in a remote region of Chile. They farm only enough to produce enough food to feed the family, and pay their taxes. What are Terrence and his family engaging in?

Subsistence Farming

Family is a term that is difficult to define. When studying sociology it is important to remember that:

sociologists try to keep the definition open to encompass all types of people who are emotionally close to each other

In recent years, a great compulsion to engage in frequent and risky sexual behaviors was deemed sexual addiction. This is an example of:

Medicalization of deviance

Keshawn used to work for an IT company in Baltimore, but lost his job when his company decided to use workers in New Delhi instead. This is an example of:

Outsourcing

By 2009, America had suffered several consecutive quarters of economic decline. America was in the midst of a:

Recession

Émile Durkheim described mechanical solidarity as:

A form of social cohesion that comes from sharing similar work, education, and religion, as might be found in simpler societies

Which of the following is an example of a convergence cluster?

A group of friends traveling to New York City for the weekend

Which sociologist studied the power elite, and wrote the book entitled Who Rules America?

G. William Domhoff

The term mercantilism can best be defined as:

When children tend to enter the same or similar occupation as their parents.

Which of the following best defines the term commodity?

A physical object we find, grow, or make to meet our needs and those of others.

Which of the following best defines a social movement?

A purposeful organized group hoping to work toward a common social goal.

Which of the following best defines the term patrimonialism?

A type of authority wherein military and administrative factions enforce the power of the master.

Shane believes that the commodification of health has created a large number of problems within the United States. From which sociological perspective does this come from?

Conflict theory

An airplane has crashed on a deserted island off the coast of Fiji. The survivors are forced to learn new behaviors in order to adapt to the situation and each other. This is an example of which theory?

Emergent norm

Which of the following industries is not projected to experience growth within the United States within the next 10 years?

Farming, Fishing, and Forestry

Which sociological perspective would consider activism such as Occupy Wall Street and Teacher's Union rallies undesirable, because they force political change?

Functionalism

Which of the following is an example of convergence theory in action?

Germany rebuilt its economy after World War II, creating more job opportunities and prosperity for its citizens.

Apple computers ship their computer parts to India to be made, and station their tech support in India. This is an example of a:

Global assembly line

Which of the following is NOT a result of the commodification of health care?

HIV spreading across the United States at a rapid rate in the 1980's

Medical sociology is the systematic study of:

How humans manage issues of health and illness, disease and disorders, and health care for both the sick and the healthy

What is the difference between an oligarchy and a monarchy?

Members of an oligarchy do not necessarily achieve their status based on ties to noble ancestry, while members of a monarchy do.

Jin is a conflict theorist sociologist. Which of the following statements about Occupy Wall Street would most align with Jin's sociological perspective?

Occupy Wall Street is positive; our capitalist economy is only making social inequality grow larger.

Peter finds that he always reacts differently to correction from his father than from his mother. What might a symbolic interactionist studying families make of this situation?

Peter plays different roles with his father and mother.

The Human Rights Campaign (HRC) is a non-profit organization located in Washington, D.C. which advocates for equal rights and marriage rights of gay, lesbian, transgender, and bisexual citizens. The HRC is a ____ group:

Reform

Sheryl was diagnosed with bipolarity when she was a teenager. She's hesitant to tell her friends, and tries her best to hide her diagnosis from her coaches, teachers, and employers, since she's seen other people with the illness be discriminated against on account of it. Bipolarity is an example of a(n):

Stigmatized illness'

In recent decades, lobbying has become a powerful force in the political world. Lobbyists frequently meet behind closed doors with senators, lawmakers, and congressmen and women to push influential legislation through the congressional process. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in examining the lobbying movement?

Symbolic interactionism

Until 1973 homosexuality was considered a psychological disorder American Psychological Association. Which sociological perspective would be most concerned with why this was considered an illness, and what effect that diagnosis had on society?

Symbolic interactionist

What sociologist pioneered the concept of "The Sick Role"?

Talcott Parsons

During what time period did economies begin to develop globally?

The Agricultural Revolution

In which part of the family life cycle, do sociologists point to as the most stressful time for a marriage?

The birth of the first child.

Which of the following is the best definition of social change?

The change in society created through social movements as well as external factors like environmental shifts or technological innovations.

Which of the following best defines the concept of "The Sick Role"?

The pattern of expectations that define appropriate behavior for the sick and for those who take care of them

What is one reason unemployment statistics are unreliable?

The statistics include only those who are currently looking for work.

What is one of the biggest challenges facing groups and organizations that try to prevent intimate partner violence (IPV)?

The victims of IPV do not report the abuse.

Which of the following is an example of structural unemployment?

Though many companies are hiring in Washington D.C., unemployment is high in Tennessee.

Communist regimes, which attempt to control all aspects of citizens' lives, are examples of which form of government:

Totalitarian dictatorship

Please match the type of authority with its definition:

Traditional authority: Power legitimized on the basis of long-standing customs. Charismatic authority: Power legitimized on the basis of a leader's exceptional personal qualities Rational-legal: Power that is legitimized by rules,regulations, and laws.

Taylor works as a legal assistant. His insurance doesn't cover treatment for depression, and he spends 15% of his income each month to receive care. This is an example of

Underinsurance

Neil Smelser's theory of crowd behavior is referred to as ______ theory:

Value-added