Intro to Speech Midterm

Which of these philosophers claimed that ethical actions are those we would do ourselves and desire everyone else in the world to do?

Immanuel Kant

"Wheaties cereal is the healthiest major brand of cereal. Basketball Player Kyrie Irving says so," this quotation is an example of

Inappropriate appeal to authority

________ plus_______ equals persuasion

Information, change

Which of the following statements is true, according to the textbook?

The audience will not see your nervousness to the degree you feel it.

The definition "goals we strive for and consider important and desirable" refers to

Values

The specific purpose statement has three sections: the specific communication word, the target audience, and the content

True

When the textbook states "Public speaking requires muscle memory" it means public speaking is a physical activity that relies on practice.

True

Which is NOT a principle of slide design?

Use of different transitions for each new slide

An informative speech can under some circumstances have opinion as its basis.

False

Planned redundancy is not relevant to introductions and conclusions.

False

Practicing with an audience is unnecessary because it cannot prepare you for the real experience.

False

The term "probative" means ____

Giving proof or evidence of a point.

The type of presentation aids that speakers most typically make use of are visual aids such as: (check all that apply).

Graphs Charts Diagrams Maps Pictures

Which of the following is not a standard of communication ethics discussed in the textbook?

Greater terminal credibility is the main goal a public speaker should have.

Which of the following is not a contextual circumstance that a speaker should consider?

Group affiliation of the audience

What fallacy is committed in this argument? "I don't think that the checkout workers at Kroger are very friendly. I tried to strike up a conversation with one last week, and with one a month ago, and they did not respond."

Hasty generalization

Keith believes the strength of his 7-minute classroom speech will be in the visuals. He creates a slide show with 20 slides. Is this best?

He should not assume the visuals will make up for flaws in the speech

What is second best use of hands in a speech, if you can't do the first best?

Holding the side if the lectern lightly

Audiences are asking two basic questions while listening to a speaker:

Why is the topic important to me/why should I listen to the speaker?

_____are appropriate for delivering information that audience members can take away with them.

handouts

Which of the following is a factor of attention?

conflict

"The system of learned and shared symbols, language, values, and norms that distinguish one group from another" is

culture

One of the most important aspects of using presentation aids is that well-designed ones are self-contained and can explain themselves.

false

Planned redundancy is not relevant to introductions and conclusions.

false

Slippery slope arguments are so common that if someone claims an argument is a slippery slope, it probably is

false

To approximate eye contact, it is a good idea to think of three spaces on the back wall and focus on that.

false

When people talk about being frightened by public speaking, they are mostly afraid of the preparation part.

false

The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? " We must either support the governor's plan to increase taxes on food or we will never be able to balance the state budget."

false dilemma

Which word refers to sense of smell?

olfactory

"To persuade my audience that the newly developed CRISPR genetic technology is morally unjustified" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of

value

Which is not a factor of attention?

visual aids

Sounds and words such as "uh" or "you know" or "like" are called ___.

vocalized pauses

Ways to calm down before a speech.

-be on time -be early -practice out loud -stand up -have someone listen to your speech

This is a portion from Dr. King's I Have a Dream Speech. "I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character." This portion uses which rhetorical devices? (check all that apply)

1. antithesis 2. alliteration

The idea of "free marketplace of ideas" originated a____.

17th century England

In a speech on George Washington's effect on the ratification of the constitution, which presentation aid would add the most value?

A map of Washington's travels giving speeches about the constitution

The meaning of attitude is

A stable, positive or negative response to a person, idea, object, or policy

The introduction of the speech should be

About 10-15% of speech time

If you have to give a 5:00 to 7:00 minute speech, what time should you shoot for in your practice?

About 6:00 in case you speak too fast or forget something and have to add it in at the last minute.

Why is it best to consider persuasion as a change of movement on the audience's mind that happens on a continuum or a range over time?

All of a to c 1.So that you see any movement toward the right progression 2.So that you can be realistic about not moving the audience from -3 to +2 3.So you can visual idea of where your audience is "located" on the range

How does "time" affect a presentation?

All of these are true ~The organization or person who asks you to speak may have expectations about time limits. ~Audiences can become unable to listen as well after a certain number of minutes. ~An audience may experience a speech very differently at one time of day versus another.

Listening is...

An active process of making an effort to understand, process, and retain

The basic philosophy behind using Maslow's hierarchy of needs in speech preparation is

An audience will not be motivated at a level higher than what they are currently experiencing.

Which of the following is not one of the canons of rhetoric?

Apperance

Which is not a general purpose for a speech?

Articulate

When you give a persuasive speech on a question of value, you need to

Begin by defining what the value of word menas

What type of informative speech topic is a speech with specific purpose: "To explain to my classmates the sequence of steps in getting a tattoo"?

Categories or divisions

Which of these is not a contributing factor to a speaker's credibility?

Character

Em Griffin described the way people view communication using games. Which one provides the best comparison?

Charades

Which statement is true about speaker credibility?

Citing reliable sources can add to your credibility as a speaker.

Know and explain the elements of the communication process.

Communication-sharing meaning between two or more people -People (often referred to as senders and receivers); • context; • message; • channel; • noise; • feedback; • outcome.

To address anxiety in public speaking, four areas of preparation were discussed in the text and in class. They were speech preparation, mental preparation, physical preparation, and ______

Contextual preparation

"The attitude of audience toward the speaker based on both reality and perception" is a definition of

Credibility

"The system of learned and shared symbols, language, values, and norms that distinguish one group from another" is

Culture

Stephen and Dakota go to a lecture by a well-known author who has been invited to campus. The topic is immigration. At the end they have coffee with friends who also attended. Stephen thinks the speaker provided good reasons for his position on immigration, but Dakota and others don't remember his arguments, only some personal stories. This is an example of

Decoding

Lauren needs to talk to her mother about wanting to change her major. She could go in and say, "Mom, I'm changing my major." But she thinks about how her mother will accept the message and tries a different way to express herself. This is an example of

Encoding

The branch of philosophy that involves determinations of right and wrong is a definition for

Ethics

Which of the following is suggested for addressing anxiety about public speaking?

Examine your own thoughts about why you are anxious.

What is the main value of extemporaneous speaking?

It allows flexibility to add or subtract points or information

Which statement is not true about attitude?

It is similar to mood

How is public speaking like other forms of communication such as conversation?

It requires a sensitivity to your audience and dependence on feedback.

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the conclusion of a speech?

It should introduce new ideas for the audience to think about

Which statement is true about the action step in Monroe's Motivated Sequence?

It should specify immediate, small actions that can be taken to address the problem

Jargon is

Language used in a specialized field like medicine or the military

Which of the following is not a function of presentation aids?

Making the speaker more persuasive

"Anything that disrupts, interrupts, or interferes with the communication process" is

Noise

Which of the following is/are true about using PowerPoint in a speech? (check all that apply)

Not all capabilities of PowerPoint software are helpful to the audience

The 7X7 rule means:

PowerPoint slides should limit the number of text and length of words to 7x7

Which is good advice on using humor?

Practice your humor (whether joke or story) in front of others before using it in the speech.

Having a climax pattern in a speech means that you

Put the strongest argument/reason/information as the last point

What constitutes factors of good posture

Roll shoulder back

Pick the expression that is a metaphor

She is a Janis Joplin when she gets in stage

What is true about a fact?

Someone can cite who discovered the fact and how other authorities have supported

Demographics refers

The outward traits or characteristics of the audience

Which is acceptable?

The police officer finished the report for the sales associate.

Freda is speaking to a group of college students about investing. "It is the time to get an IRA when you reach an AAE of $30,000."

This is ineffective because of the principle of appropriateness to audience.

Which is the best specific purpose speech for an informative speech?

To describe to my classmates the process by which the College Bowl Series chooses a national champion.

This textbook's preferred model of communication is

Transactional

I respect Joni Trada for three reasons. I. She has lives as a quadriplegic for almost 50 years. II. She is a wise and winsome communicator. III. She gives her life to helping those with disabilities. This outline uses a _____ pattern of organization.

Tropical/ Part of whole

An anecdote is best used in the conclusion to a persuasive speech because of the emotional appeal.

True

"To persuade my fellow communication majors to take part in a for-credit internship in their senior year" is a good specific purpose statement.

Yes, it is in the right format and specific

The analogy used in the book between an outline of a speech and the speech itself was:

a blueprint and a house

If you were giving a speech about how climate change is affecting sea levels around the world, which would be the most useful on your PowerPoint?

a map of the world

A connotative meaning for "red" could be ___

all of a to c

Using another person as a visual aid is effective if:

all of the above

Which of the following are true about practice?

all of the above

Which of the following are true about the difference between perception and attention?

all of these true

"Someone with recognized credentials, knowledge, education, and/or experience in a subject" is _____.

an expert

Which of these is not a contributing factor to a speaker's credibility?

character

What kind of reasoning is exemplified in the following statement? "Politicians who are guilty of corruption do not deserve to be reelected. Last year our U.S. representative was proved to be corrupt by her use of campaign donations for personal financial gain. Therefore, our U.S. representative does not deserve to be reelected."

deductive

Aristotle's means of Persuasion

ethos, pathos, logos

The type of speech delivery we use in this class is ____.

extemporaneous

A speaker should generally think about topic before purpose.

false

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

important deficiencies that we are motivated to fulfill

Speeches that are given with little or no preparation, "spur of the moment" are

impromptu

Cicero formulated the canons of rhetoric. Which is the correct order?

invention, organization, style, memory, delivery

What word means "statements that cannot be argued"?

irrefutable

Which statement is not necessarily true about a central idea statement?

it is identical to a thesis statement as you would do for English Composition class.

"After a serviceman or woman leaves the military, he or she must find a use for the MOS." This is an example of ____.

jargon

Which is the most abstract

kitchen furnishings

Luis wants to create a graph using PowerPoint to show how much weight he lost after starting an exercise plan over six months. Which type of graph should he use?

line

"Rhetoric" is the word originally used for

public speaking

The relationship or connection a speaker makes with the audience is ___.

rapport

The meaning of channel is ____

the means through which a message gets from sender to receiver

The meaning of connotative is ___

the subjective or personal meaning a word or symbol evokes in people together or individual

A chart is mainly different from a graph in that a graph deals with numerical data using dots, bars, lines while a chart can deal with other data.

true

A speaker's credibility is improved by use of clear and respectful language.

true

A speech with specific purpose: "To explain to my audience the evidence supporting that Lee Harvey Oswald assassinated President Kennedy is a conspiracy" is a viable informative informative speech topic.

true

A speech with the specific purpose: "To describe for my audience the battles of World War II in the Pacific" is a viable topic for an informative speech.

true

Generally, a metaphor has more strength and effectiveness than a simile.

true

A specific purpose statement begins with an infinitive phrase

yes