Investigating God's World Chapter 8

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thunderhead

Another name for a cumulonimbus cloud; also called thundercloud

precipitation

Any form of water that falls from the clouds

source region

a large region of land or ocean with nearly the same temperature across its entire surface

air mass

a single, large unit of air with uniform temperature and humidity characteristics

hail

a small piece of ice is tossed up and down inside a cloud, forming several layers of ice, until it is heavy and falls to earth

nimbus

a term used to describe a cloud from which rain is falling

step leader

a thin channel of charged air that descends from a cloud toward the ground through which lightning can travel

100%

air is saturated when the humidity of the air reaches

rain

an ice crystal in a cloud becomes too heavy, fall, melts, and lands on the earth as a liquid

tilt

different seasons are caused by _________ of the earth's axis.

sleet

falling ice crystals melt into raindrops, then refreeze and land on earth as tiny pieces of ice

wet snow

falling ice crystals melt slightly, stick, and freeze together into snowflakes

freezing rain

falling ice crystals melt, hit the earth as liquid rain, but freezes as soon as they land

greenhouse effect

function of the atmosphere in preventing the earth's heat from escaping to space

warning

if a tornado has been spotted, meteorologist issue a tornado

stratus

layers of flat clouds, sheets of clouds that often produce rain

sheet lightning

lightning bolts that do not come in contact with the ground but remain within the clouds

cumulus

puffy, bulgy clouds

condensation

released water vapor leaves the air and changes back into liquid water

meteorologist

scientist who study weather

ground

the air we live in receives most of its warmth from

sun

the basic cause of all weather

front

the boundary between two air passes

anvil

the broad, flat top of cumulonimbus cloud

eye

the calm region of very low air pressure in the center of a tornado

1,000 mph

the earth's surface spins at

axis

the imaginary line running through the earth from the North pole to South Pole

dew point

the lowest possible temperature at which air is able to hold all of its water vapor

thunder

the rapid expansion of super-heated air causes shock waves that we hear as

squall lines

the row of thunderheads that builds up in the front of advancing cold air

air pressure

the total weight of air on some particular place on earth.

tornado

the type of storm that packs the most destructive power into the smallest space

lighter

warm air is ________ than cool air

frost

water vapor that condenses and forms frozen water on the ground

dew

water vapor that condenses to form liquid water on the ground

lightning

when opposite electrical charges build up in very tall clouds ______________ is produced

temperature

winds are produced by _______ differences on the earth

cirrus

wispy, curly clouds very high in the atmosphere, made of very small ice crystals

radiation fog, sea fog, steam fog

Three types of fog

fog

A cloud at ground level

saturated

Something like gas or liquid that has observed all of the certain substance that it can possible hold

polar easterlies, prevailing westerly's, Northeast trade winds, Southeast trade winds

The major wind systems found on earth

relative humidity

The measurement of the amount of water vapor in the air compared to the temperature

dew point

The temperature at which cooling air becomes saturated

tropopause

The temperature of the air at the troposphere's topmost boundary

water, rising air, dust

Three ingredients in the cloud recipe

sleet, freezing rain, hail

Three kinds of icy precipitaion

solar heating, mountains, fronts

Three things that cause air to rise upward


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