IS 116 Active Helpdesk: Understanding IP Addresses, Domain Names, and Protocol

What are examples of TLDs?

.com, .edu, and .org

What is safer against hacking attacks, a dynamic IP or a static IP?

Because dynamic IP addresses are always changing, your computer is less vulnerable to hacker attacks than with a static IP address.

How are domain names organized?

Domain names are organized by level.

What is dynamic addressing handled by?

Dynamic addressing is normally handled by the dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP).

What is an IP address?

Each computer, server, or device (router, etc.) connected to the Internet is required to have a unique number identifying it, called an IP address.

What does it mean when a computer has static addressing?

When a computer has a static addressing, it means that the IP address never changes. Static IP addresses are most likely assigned manually by a network administrator.

The communications methodology that computers use to transfer data is called ________. a) static addressing b) packet switching c) packet transfer protocol d) circuit switching

b) packet switching

What is the 6 step process for connecting to ABC.com?

1. Your browser requests information from ABC.com 2. Your ISP doesn't know the address of ABC.com, so it requests the address from its default DNS server. 3. The default DNS server doesn't know the IP address of ABC.com either, so it queries the root server of the .com domain. 4. The root server provides the default DNS server with the appropriate IP address of ABC.com. 5. The default DNS server stores the correct IP address for ABC.com for future reference and returns it to your ISP's Web server. 6. Your computer than routes its request to ABC.com and stores the IP address in cache for later use.

What is a domain name?

A domain name is simply a name that takes the place of an IP address, making it easier for people to remember it. Yahoo.com and AOL.com are domain names.

How does a typical IP address look like?

A typical IP address is expressed as a series of numbers separated by decimal points as follows: 197.169.73.63

How are IP addresses assigned?

IP addresses are either assigned statically or dynamically.

How does your computer know the IP address of another computer?

It uses a database maintained on a domain name system (DNS), which functions like a phone book for the Internet.

What is one way to find your IP address?

One way to find out your IP address is to go to Google and type "what's my IP." Google will show your IP address at the top of the search results.

What are the domains inside the top-level domains called?

They are called second-level domains. Examples of second level domains are Amazon.com, Google.com, and Microsoft.com.

What is the portion of the domain name farthest to the right (after the dot)?

This is called the top-level domain (TLD)

What does it mean when a computer has dynamic addressing?

When a computer has a dynamic addressing, it means that your ISP assigns your computer a temporary IP address from an available pool of IP addresses each time you log on to the Internet.

What happens when a user logs on to an ISP's server?

When a user logs on to an ISP's server, the DHCP server assigns that user an IP address for the duration of the session. These temporary IP addresses may or may not be the same from session to session.

What is an IP address and where I can find the IP address for my computer? a) An IP address is a unique number identification assigned to each computer, server, or device connected to the Internet. To find your IP address, go to Google and type "what is my IP." b) An IP address is an encrypted name assigned to each computer, server, or device connected to the Internet for identification. To find your IP address you have to type ipaddress in the command prompt window. c) An IP address is a hexadecimal code identification assigned to each computer, server, or device connected to the Internet. To find your IP address, you have to contact your ISP. d) An IP address is a series of packets assigned to each computer, server, or device connected to the Internet. To find your IP address, check the classless interdomain routing.

a) An IP address is a unique number identification assigned to each computer, server, or device connected to the Internet. To find your IP address, go to Google and type "what is my IP."

________ addressing means that your ISP assigns your computer a temporary IP address from an available pool of IP addresses each time you log on to the Internet. a) Dynamic b) Manual c) Automatic d) Static

a) Dynamic

What does the computer use an IP address for? a) Each computer needs a unique IP address so that other computers on the Internet can identify it. b) You don't really need an IP address. Internet service providers use IP addresses merely to make administration of your Internet connection and account easier to manage. c) Without an IP address, your computer would be very vulnerable to hackers.

a) Each computer needs a unique IP address so that other computers on the Internet can identify it.

All IP addresses must be registered with the ________, which is responsible for allocating IP addresses to network administrators. a) ICANN b) IETF c) CIDR d) W3C

a) ICANN

Basically, when my friends and I send e-mails, our ISPs use domain name servers to find the corresponding IP addresses for the e-mails, right? a) In a nutshell, that's right. Your messages are then sent as data packets through the Internet via a process called packet switching. b) In a nutshell, that's right. Your messages are then sent as data through the Internet via a process called circuit switching. c) In a nutshell, that's right. Your messages are then sent as data through the Internet via the IPv4 protocol.

a) In a nutshell, that's right. Your messages are then sent as data packets through the Internet via a process called packet switching.

How do the packets get routed through the Internet? What tells them where to go? a) Packets are routed through the Internet using a set of protocols called TCP/IP. b) Packets are routed through the Internet using the common gateway interface, or CGI, protocol. c) Packets are routed through the Internet using the MIME protocol.

a) Packets are routed through the Internet using a set of protocols called TCP/IP.

________ is the main suite of protocols used on the Internet. a) TCP/IP b) MIME c) DNS d) POP

a) TCP/IP

Who controls who gets certain domain names? a) The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) assigns companies or groups to manage domain name registration. b) Domain names are tied to specific computer hardware. Therefore, the hardware company that manufactured your PC can assign you a domain name. c) The U.S. government controls domain name registration.

a) The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) assigns companies or groups to manage domain name registration.

What if the ISP's web server cannot locate the IP information on the default DNS server? a) The default DNS server contacts one of the DNS servers. A root DNS server knows the location of all the DNS servers that contain the master listings for an entire top-level domain. b) The default DNS server contacts one of the root DNS servers. A root DNS server has a search utility that searches the IP information for an ISP's default DNS server. c) The default DNS server contacts one of the root DNS servers. A root DNS server contains a database of all the IP addresses that are not present in the ISP's default DNS server. d) The default DNS server can only contact the second-level domain.

a) The default DNS server contacts one of the DNS servers. A root DNS server knows the location of all the DNS servers that contain the master listings for an entire top-level domain.

How does the computer know the IP addresses of other computers? a) Your computer consults a database maintained on a domain name server to determine other IP addresses. b) Your computer consults the IPv6 protocol to determine the IP address of another computer on the Internet. c) Your computer uses a search engine like Google to access other IP addresses. d) Your computer uses a "spider" to access a file that contains all users' IP addresses at all times.

a) Your computer consults a database maintained on a domain name server to determine other IP addresses.

Telephones use ________, which is a dedicated connection between two points that remains active for the duration of transmission. a) circuit switching b) a closed circuit c) packet switching d) an open circuit

a) circuit switching

When my friend connects to my computer, how is data transferred? a) Computers communicate efficiently using the communication methodology called circuit switching. b) Computers communicate efficiently using the communication methodology called packet switching. c) Computers communicate efficiently using the communication methodology called IP switching. d) Computers communicate efficiently using the communication methodology called TCP/IP.

b) Computers communicate efficiently using the communication methodology called packet switching.

Is there an alternative to remembering IP addresses? a) Yes, you can use a domain name. A domain name is a web utility that matches an IP address to a computer name. b) Yes, you can use a domain name. A domain name is simply a name that takes the place of an IP address, making it easier to remember. c) Yes, you can use a domain name. A domain name is simply a two-digit number that takes the place of an IP address, making it easier to remember. d) Yes, you can use a domain name. A domain name is a database maintained on a server that functions like a phone book for the Internet.

b) Yes, you can use a domain name. A domain name is simply a name that takes the place of an IP address, making it easier to remember.

How do the data packets traveling the Internet know where to go? a) The data packets use the Telnet protocol to determine where they should go. b) Before sending data packets out onto the Internet, your computer attaches a separate file to each packet of data that tells it where to go. c) Each data packet contains an address that indicates where the packet is being sent.

c) Each data packet contains an address that indicates where the packet is being sent.

197.169.73.63 is an example of a(n) ________. a) packet b) domain name c) IP address d) network prefix

c) IP address

Does the IP address remain the same or can it change automatically? a) The IP address changes automatically if your computer has a dynamic IP address. A dynamic IP address is an IP address that is formulated using random numbers when your computer is switched on. b) The IP address changes automatically if your computer has a dynamic IP address. A dynamic IP address is a temporary IP address and is calculated on your computer with an algorithm and is assigned each time you log on to the Internet. c) The IP address changes automatically if your computer has a dynamic IP address. A dynamic IP address is a temporary IP address and is assigned by your ISP when your computer connects to the Internet. d) The IP address changes automatically if your computer has a dynamic IP address. A dynamic IP address is a temporary IP address and is calculated on your computer by the IPv6.

c) The IP address changes automatically if your computer has a dynamic IP address. A dynamic IP address is a temporary IP address and is assigned by your ISP when your computer connects to the Internet.

If data is broken into chunks and sent over various routes at the same time, how do these packets reach their destination? a) The packets are sent to computers using IPv6 and reassembled using TCP/IP. b) The packets are sent encrypted to all computers across the network. Only the destination computer gets the key to decrypt the data. c) The packets contain destination information and are reassembled when they all reach the destination. d) The packets are sent to computers using the Telnet protocol, which tells them where to go.

c) The packets contain destination information and are reassembled when they all reach the destination.

How does a computer get an IP address? a) When you buy your computer, you are automatically assigned an IP address by the hardware manufacturer. b) Your web browser software assigns your computer an IP address through a process called network address translation. c) Your Internet service provider provides your computer with an IP address when you log on to the Internet.

c) Your Internet service provider provides your computer with an IP address when you log on to the Internet.

How does the computer know the IP addresses of other computers? a) Your computer uses something called a "spider" to access a file that contains all users' IP addresses at all times. b) Your computer uses the IPv6 protocol to determine the IP address of another computer on the Internet. c) Your computer consults a database maintained on something called a domain name server in order to determine other users' IP addresses.

c) Your computer consults a database maintained on something called a domain name server in order to determine other users' IP addresses.

But how do computers get the IP address from a domain name? a) Computers consult the HTTP server. The DNS server directly uses the domain name to connect. b) Computers consult the IP server. The IP server converts the domain name into an IP address using a conversion algorithm. c) Computers consult the IPv6. IPv6 is an IP addressing scheme. d) Computers consult the domain name system (DNS) server. The DNS server contains a mapping of domain names with their corresponding IP addresses.

d) Computers consult the domain name system (DNS) server. The DNS server contains a mapping of domain names with their corresponding IP addresses.

How do packets travel through the Internet? a) Packets are routed using Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). TCP/IP is a suite of protocols used to encrypt files over the Internet. b) Packets are routed using Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). TCP/IP is an addressing scheme with 4 billion values to reassemble packets. c) Packets are routed using Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). TCP/IP is a suite of protocols used to compress files sent over the Internet. d) Packets are routed using Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). TCP/IP is a suite of protocols used to route packets over the Internet.

d) Packets are routed using Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). TCP/IP is a suite of protocols used to route packets over the Internet.