ISYS Chapter 3

Primary Key

A number uniquely identifying a record such as Student ID Numbers, Social Security Numbers, account numbers etc.

Two views of data in a database? What does each of them mean?

Physical View- how data is stored and retrieved from storage media Logical View- How information appears to users and how it can be organized!

Be able to recognize the names of several providers of BA solutions (software and packages) in today's business world.

SAS, IBM, SAP, Microsoft, Oracle

What does database mean in general? What is a file, record, and field within the concept of the database?

A database is a collection of related data that is stored in a central location or in multiple locations. A file is a group of related records, and a record is a group of related fields. Fields consist of specific information.

What is a DBMS? What is the role of DBMS in our interaction with the database?

A DBMS is software for creating, storing, maintaining, and accessing database files. A DBMS makes using databases more efficient.

Main components of a relational database model are..

Data Dictionary- Primary Key- Foreign Key- Normalization-

What is internal data?

Data collected from within an organization and can include transaction records, sales records, personnel records, and so forth.

Major components and functions of a DBMS?

Database engine Data definition Data Manipulation Application generation Data administration

Data Dictionary

Stores definitions such as data types for fields, default values for fields, and validation rules for data in each field

What is SQL and QBE?

Structured Query Language- fourth generation language used by many DMSB packages Query by Example- you request data from a database by constructing a statement made up of query forms

What is the most common data model and conceptually what is the basic feature of this model?

The relational model- This model uses a two-dimentional table of rows and columns

How to understand Big Data?

Three V's Volume- this refers to the sheer quantity of transactions, measured in petabytes Variety- Refers to the combination of structured and unstructured data Velocity- This refers to the speed with which the data has to be gathered and processed

Foreign Key

When a primary key is used in another table in order for data to be linked and retrieved more efficiently

The basic configuration of a data warehouse?

a collection of data from a variety of sources used to support decision-making applications and generate business intelligence. store multidimensional data, so are sometimes called hypercubes

Data model and three major components of a data model?

determines how data is created, represented, organized, and maintained. Three Components- Data Structure Operations Integrity Rules

Normalization

eliminates redundant data and ensures that only related data is stored in table.

What is ETL during the configuration of a data warehouse?

extraction- collecting data transformation- processing is done to make sure data meets the warehouse's needs loading- transferring data to the data warehouse

Have a general understanding of trends in database design and be able to recognize cases of these trends in general.

include data driven websites, natural language processing, distributed databases, and object oriented databases. also advances in artificial technology and natural language processing will have an impact.

What source(s) of data are typically included in a database?

internal and external

What are the several types of analyses enabled by the output component of data warehouses? What is the use of each type of analysis?

online analytical processing- used to quickly answer multidimensional analytical queries, thereby generating business intelligence data-mining analysis- used to discover patterns and relationships

Database Engine

responsible for data storage, manipulation, and retrieval

What operations are allowed in a relational database and what do they do?

select- searches data in a table and retrieves records based on certain criteria project- pares down a table by eliminating columns according to certain criteria join- combines two tables based on a common field Less relevant: intersect- union- difference-

How is data warehouse different from database in several important aspects?

subject oriented- focused on a specific area Integrated- comes from a variety of sources time variant- categorized based on time type of data- captures aggregated data purpose- used for analytical purposes

Data administration

used for tasks such as backup and recovery, security, and change management.

Data Manipulation

used to add, delete, modify, and retrieve records from a database.

Data definition

used to create and maintain the data dictionary and define the structure of files in a database.

Application Generation

used to design elements of an application using a database, such as a data entry screens, interactive menus, and interfaces with other programming languages

What is Business Analytics? How is BA different and related to BI?

uses data and statistical methods to gain insight into the data and provide decision makers with information they can act on. BA is more forward looking, tells user what will happen rather than what has.

How is data mart compared to data warehouse in terms of advantages and disadvantages?

usually a smaller version of a data warehouse, used by a single department or function. disadvantage- smaller advantages- faster, less complex, less expensive, users better targeted