Jarvis Chapter 12: Nutrition Assessment Review Questions (Updated)

After completing a diet assessment on a 30-year-old woman, the nurse suspects that she may be deficient in iron. Laboratory studies to obtain to verify this condition would be: 1.hemoglobin and hematocrit. 2.cholesterol and triglycerides. 3.creatinine and serum protein. 4.serum albumin and urinary urea nitrogen.

1

During a nutritional assessment, why is it important for the nurse to ask a patient what medications he or she is taking? 1.Certain drugs can affect the metabolism of nutrients. 2.The nurse needs to assess the patient for allergic reactions. 3.Medications need to be documented on the record for the physician's review. 4.Medications can affect one's memory and ability to identify food eaten in the last 24 hours.

1

If a 29-year-old woman weighs 146 pounds and the nurse determines her ideal body weight to be 120 pounds, how would the nurse classify the woman's weight? 1.Obese 2.Mildly overweight 3.Suffering from malnutrition 4.Within appropriate range of ideal weight

1

In teaching a patient how to determine total body fat at home, the nurse includes instructions to obtain measurements of: 1.height and weight. 2.frame size and weight. 3.waist and hip circumferences. 4.mid upper arm circumference and arm span.

1

The nurse is evaluating patients for obesity-related diseases. Which one of the following would be at increased risk? 1.A 29-year-old woman whose percent ideal body weight is 125%, waist is 33 inches, and hips 36 inches 2.A 32-year-old man whose percent ideal body weight is 115%, waist is 34 inches, and hips 36 inches 3.A 38-year-old man whose percent ideal body weight is 120%, waist is 35 inches, and hips 38 inches 4.A 46-year old woman whose percent ideal body weight is 130%, waist is 30 inches, and hips 38 inches

1

The nurse is performing a nutritional assessment on a 15-year-old girl, who tells the nurse that she is "so fat." Assessment reveals that she is 5 feet 4 inches and weighs 110 pounds. The nurse's appropriate response would be: 1."How much do you think you should weigh?" 2."Don't worry about it, you're not that overweight." 3."The best thing for you would be to go on a diet." 4."I used to always think I was fat when I was your age."

1

The nurse is performing a nutritional assessment on an 80-year-old patient. The nurse knows that physiologic changes that directly affect the nutritional status of the elderly include: 1.slowed gastrointestinal motility. 2.hyperstimulation of the salivary glands. 3.an increased sensitivity to spicy and aromatic foods. 4.decreased gastrointestinal absorption causing esophageal reflux.

1

The nurse is providing care for a 68-year-old woman who is complaining of constipation. What concern exists regarding her nutritional status? 1.The absorption of nutrients may be impaired. 2.The constipation may represent a food allergy. 3.She may need emergency surgery for the problem. 4.The gastrointestinal problem will increase her caloric demand.

1

The nurse is providing nutrition information to the mother of a 1-year-old child. Which of the following statements represents accurate information for this age group? 1.It is important to maintain adequate fat and caloric intake. 2.The recommended dietary allowances for an infant are the same as for an adolescent. 3.At this age the baby's growth is minimal so caloric requirements are decreased. 4.The baby should be placed on skim milk to decrease the risk of coronary artery disease when older.

1

The nurse recognizes that which of the following persons is at greatest risk for undernutrition? 1. A 5-month-old infant 2. A 50-year-old woman 3. A 20-year-old college student 4. A 30-year-old hospital administrator

1

When considering a nutritional assessment, the nurse is aware that the most common anthropometric measurements include: 1.height and weight. 2.leg circumference. 3.biceps skinfold thickness. 4.hip and waist measurement.

1

A 21-year-old woman has been on a low-protein liquid diet for the past 2 months. She has had adequate calories and appears well nourished. In further assessing her, what would the nurse expect to find? 1.Poor skin turgor 2.Decreased serum albumin 3.Increased lymphocyte count 4.Triceps skinfold less than standard

2

A mother and her 13-year-old daughter express their concern related to the daughter's recent weight gain and increase in appetite. Which of the following represents information the nurse should discuss with them? 1.The necessity of exercise and dieting at this age 2.Suggestions for snacks high in protein, iron, and calcium 3.Teenagers who have a weight problem should not be allowed to snack 4.The importance of a low-calorie diet to prevent the accumulation of fat

2

A patient tells the nurse that his food just doesn't have any taste anymore. The nurse's best response would be: 1."That must be really frustrating." 2."When did you first notice this change?" 3."My food doesn't always have a lot of taste either." 4."Sometimes that happens but your taste will come back."

2

During a nutritional assessment of a 22-year-old male refugee, the nurse must remember to: 1.obtain a 24-hour dietary recall. 2.clarify what is meant by the term "food." 3.provide him with a standard dietary handbook. 4.assume that his diet is consistent with other refugees from the same country.

2

During an assessment of a patient who has been homeless for several years, the nurse notices that his tongue is magenta in color. This is an indication of: 1.iron deficiency. 2.riboflavin deficiency. 3.vitamin D and calcium deficiency. 4.vitamin C deficiency.

2

In performing an assessment on a 49-year-old woman who has imbalanced nutrition as a result of dysphagia, which of the following data would the nurse expect to find? 1.An increase in hair growth 2.Inadequate food intake 3.Weight 10% to 20% over ideal 4.Sore, inflamed buccal cavity

2

The nurse needs to determine the body mass index of an 80-year-old man who is confined to a wheelchair. Which of the following is true in this situation? 1.Changes in fat distribution will affect the waist-to-hip ratio. 2.Height measurements may not be accurate because of changes in bone. 3.Declining muscle mass will affect the triceps skinfold measure. 4.Mid arm circumference is difficult to obtain because of loss of skin elasticity.

2

When evaluating the results of laboratory tests, the nurse knows that which of the following statements is true? 1.Normal values do not vary according to age. 2.Variations based on biocultural differences may exist. 3.It is not necessary to repeat laboratory tests once malnutrition has been determined. 4.Lab tests are more sensitive than other parts of the assessment and should take priority.

2

Which of the following factors is most likely to affect the nutritional status of an 82-year-old person? 1.Increase in taste and smell 2.Living alone on a fixed income 3.Change in cardiovascular status 4.Increase in gastrointestinal motility and absorption

2

Which of the following statements is true concerning the nutritional assessment? 1.It is only useful in patients who are overweight. 2.It identifies patients who are at risk of malnutrition. 3.This assessment can only be thoroughly done by a dietician. 4.It provides the nurse with physical findings related to all the systems.

2

The nurse is assessing an obese patient for signs of metabolic syndrome. This condition is diagnosed when three or more certain risk factors are present. Which of the following are risk factors for metabolic syndrome? Select all that apply. 1.Fasting plasma glucose level less than 110 mg/dl 2.Fasting plasma glucose level greater than or equal to 100 mg/dl 3.Blood pressure reading of 140/90 mm/Hg 4.Blood pressure reading of 110/80 mm/Hg 5.Triglyceride level of 120 mg/dl

2, 3

42. A 65-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after he was found dazed and incoherent, alone in his apartment. He has an enlarged liver and is moderately dehydrated. When evaluating his serum albumin level, the nurse must keep in mind that: 1.serum albumin levels will increase as liver function decreases. 2.serum albumin levels are a sensitive measure of early protein malnutrition. 3.low serum albumin levels may be caused by reasons other than protein-calorie malnutrition. 4.the results of the serum albumin measurement along with the patient's hemoglobin level should be considered.

3

A 16-year-old girl is being seen at the clinic for gastrointestinal complaints and weight loss. The nurse determines that many of her complaints may be related to erratic eating patterns, eating predominantly fast foods, and high caffeine intake. In this situation, which of the following is most appropriate when collecting current dietary intake information? 1.Schedule a time for direct observation of the adolescent during meals. 2.Ask the patient for a 24-hour diet recall and assume this is reflective of a typical day for her. 3.Have the patient complete a food diary for 3 days—2 weekdays and 1 weekend day. 4.Use the food frequency questionnaire to identify the amount of intake of specific foods.

3

A 50-year-old woman with elevated serum, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels is visiting the clinic today to find out about her laboratory results. What would be important for the nurse to include in patient teaching in relation to these tests? 1.The risks of undernutrition 2.Methods to reduce stress in her life 3.Information regarding a low saturated fat diet 4.The fact that this is hereditary and there is nothing she can do to change the levels

3

A pregnant woman who is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive is asking the nurse about breast-feeding her baby. Which of the following statement is true? 1.There is not enough information to know whether it would be safe for her to breast-feed. 2.It is safe for women who are HIV positive to breast-feed. 3.Women who are HIV positive should not breast-feed because HIV can be transmitted through breast milk. 4.She can breastfeed as long as she uses pumped breast milk.

3

The mother of an 8-year-old boy is concerned about the amount of weight her son has gained. To determine whether this is a problem, the nurse will measure: 1.arm span. 2.waist-to-hip ratio. 3.skinfold thickness. 4.mid upper arm circumference.

3

The nurse is assessing a 30-year-old unemployed immigrant from an underdeveloped country who has been in the United States for 1 month. Which of the following problems related to his nutritional status might the nurse expect to find? 1.Obesity 2.Hypotension 3.Osteomalacia 4.Coronary artery disease

3

The nurse is concerned about the skeletal protein reserves of a patient who has been hospitalized frequently for chronic lung disease. Which of the following measurements would be necessary to include in the assessment? 1.Body mass index 2.Weight and height 3.Mid arm muscle area 4.Ideal body weight and frame size

3

To obtain an accurate nitrogen balance and creatinine-height index, the nurse must ensure that: 1.the patient's height and weight have been determined. 2.the laboratory draws the blood specimen in the early morning. 3.an accurate 24-hour urine specimen has been collected. 4.the patient has not had anything by mouth for 8 hours before the test.

3

To perform a triceps skinfold assessment, the examiner would do which of the following? 1.After pinching the skin and fat, apply the calipers vertically to the fat fold. 2.Gently pinch the skin and fat on the anterior aspect of the patient's arm and then apply calipers. 3.After applying the calipers, wait 3 seconds before taking a reading. Repeat the procedure three times. 4.Instruct the patient to stand with the back to the examiner and arms folded across the chest and pinch the skin on the forearm.

3

When the mid upper arm circumference and triceps skinfold of an 82-year- old man are evaluated, it is important to remember that: 1.these measurements are no longer necessary for the elderly. 2.derived weight measures may be difficult to interpret because of wide ranges of normal. 3.these measurements may not be accurate because of changes in skin and fat distribution. 4.measurements may be difficult to obtain if the patient is unable to flex his elbow to at least 90 degrees.

3

Which of the following conditions is due to an inadequate intake of both protein and calories? 1.Obesity 2.Bulimia 3.Marasmus 4.Kwashiorkor

3

Which of the following interventions is most appropriate when the nurse is planning nutritional interventions for a healthy, active 74-year-old woman? 1.Decrease the amount of carbohydrates to prevent lean muscle catabolism. 2.Increase the amount of soy and tofu in her diet to promote bone growth and reverse osteoporosis. 3.Decrease the number of calories she is eating because of the decrease in energy requirements from loss of lean body mass. 4.Increase the number of calories she is eating because of the increased energy needs of the elderly.

3

Which of the following statements is true regarding routine laboratory testing in the following individuals 1.In pregnancy, no laboratory testing is needed unless problems with the pregnancy are suspected. 2.In the elderly, laboratory values regarding cholesterol and triglycerides are the most important because of the risk of disease. 3.During adolescence, unless disease is suspected, laboratory evaluation of hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and urinalysis for glucose and protein are adequate. 4.In infancy and childhood, laboratory tests should be performed at each well-child check-up, regardless of whether the child is exhibiting signs of illness that affect nutritional status.

3

A 40-year-old man has had a recent weight loss of 20 pounds because of a quick loss diet and stress. He tells the nurse that he keeps getting "colds and the flu." In addition to assessing his nutrition status, the nurse would also want to obtain which laboratory report? 1.Serum albumin 2.Cholesterol level 3.Serum transferrin 4.Total lymphocyte count

4

A patient is asked to indicate on a form how many times he eats a specific food. This would describe which of the following methods for obtaining dietary information? 1.Food diary 2.Calorie count 3.24-hour recall 4.Food frequency questionnaire

4

A pregnant woman is interested in breast-feeding her baby, and asks several questions about the topic. Which information is appropriate for the nurse to share with her? 1.Breast-feeding is best when also supplemented with bottle feedings. 2.Babies who are breastfed often require supplemental vitamins. 3.Breast-feeding is recommended for infants for the first 2 years of life. 4.Breast milk provides the nutrients necessary for growth as well as natural immunity.

4

The nurse is discussing appropriate foods with the mother of a 3-year-old child. Which of the following foods are recommended? 1.Foods that the child will eat, no matter what they are 2.Foods easy to hold such as hot dogs, nuts, and grapes 3.Any foods as long as the rest of the family is eating them 4.Finger foods and nutritious snacks that can't cause choking.

4

The nurse is seeing a patient for the first time who has no history of nutrition-related problems. The initial nutritional screening should include which of the following? 1.Calorie count of nutrients 2.Anthropometric measures 3.Complete physical examination 4.Measurement of weight and weight history

4

When assessing a patient's nutritional status, the nurse recalls that the best definition of optimal nutritional status is: 1.nutrients in excess of daily body requirements. 2.sufficient nutrients to provide for the minimum body needs. 3.sufficient nutrients for daily body requirements but not for increased metabolic demands. 4.sufficient nutrients to provide for daily body requirements and for increased metabolic demands.

4

When assessing muscle mass and fat stores on a 40-year-old woman, the nurse would use: 1.triceps skinfold. 2.mid arm muscle area. 3.percent ideal body weight. 4.mid upper arm circumference.

4

Which body composition-measuring tool measures fat and lean body mass and bone mineral density? 1.Waist-to-hip ratio 2.Body mass index 3.Bioelectrical impedance analysis 4.Dual-energy x-ray (DEXA) absorptiometry

4

Which of the following best describes the technique for measuring frame size? 1.With the patient standing, measure the distance from the top of the head to the back of the heel. 2.With the patient in a sitting position, measure the distance from the condyle of the humerus to the clavicle. 3.With the patient's right arm extended forward and the elbow extended, measure the distance from fingertips to the condyle of the humerus. 4.With the right arm extended forward and the elbow bent, use the calipers to measure the distance between the condyles of the humerus.

4

Which of the following individuals is most likely to have an anergic response when assessing skin test antigens? 1.An 8-year-old child 2.An obese individual 3.A healthy 80-year-old female 4.An individual with malnutrition

4

Which of the following measurements is an early indicator of protein malnutrition? 1.Serum albumin 2.Serum creatinine 3.Nitrogen balance 4.Serum transferrin

4