Jazz History Chapter 12 Study Guide
(Q010) This Cleveland-born saxophonist's career lasted only eight years; during that time, he cultivated an overwhelming timbre, using multiphonics, which can be heard on his album, Spiritual Unity:
Albert Ayler.
(Q012) All of the following were associated with the Loft Era of the 1970s except
Albert Ayler.
(Q019) Which artist used unconventional notation for his compositions, and preferred having his musicians learn his music by hearing him play it on the piano?
Cecil Taylor
(Q020) This pianist plays the instrument as if it were eighty-eight tuned drums, often pummeling the keyboard with his hands in dense cataracts of sound:
Cecil Taylor.
The pianist and composer of "Bulbs" is
Cecil Taylor.
(Q027) As part of its insistence on "newness," the avant-garde consistently rejected influences and allusions from jazz history.
False
(Q008) Which venue was particularly important to avant-garde jazz?
The Five Spot
(Q026) Avant-garde jazz dispensed with a steady beat, preferring an ambiguous pulse or several pulses at once.
True
(Q016) Cecil Taylor was known for
a percussive approach to the piano and playing long, extended pieces in concert.
(Q018) By "unit structure" Cecil Taylor meant
a short phrase or module musicians would learn by ear, and use while improvising.
(Q008) Which of the following describes "Bulbs"?
agitated and aggressive
(Q004) Which instrument does Ornette Coleman play?
alto saxophone
(Q013) The AACM (Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians) was
an avant-garde collective from Chicago.
(Q002) The style of "Lonely Woman" is
avant-garde jazz.
(Q007) The style of "Bulbs" is
avant-garde jazz.
(Q023) The avant-garde composer Sun Ra
had a surge in popularity later in his career with the advent of the avant-garde and developed a cosmology in which he descended to earth from Saturn only.
(Q017) The term "harmolodics"
is a contraction of the words "harmony," "movement," and "melody."
(Q009) In the 1970s, avant-garde music moved its performances from jazz clubs to apartments, galleries, and other places. What was this music called?
loft music
(Q009) The form of "Bulbs" is
made up of unit structures.
(Q025) Politically, avant-garde musicians increasingly engaged with
militant racial and anti-war struggles of the 1950s and 1960s.
(Q003) What typical jazz rhythm section instrument has been omitted from the ensemble performing "Lonely Woman"?
piano
(Q007) Which instrument did Cecil Taylor play?
piano
(Q015) What rhythm section instrument did Ornette Coleman routinely omit on his recordings?
piano
(Q006) Ornette Coleman challenged musical convention by
playing with microtonal pitches and improvising on the song's melodic phrases, not the chord changes.
(Q021) Microtones are notes that are
smaller than a half step.
(Q005) Ornette Coleman's compositions were
strongly melodic and emotional.
(Q005) All of the following statements about this performance of "Lonely Woman" are true except
the bassist is playing a walking bass.
(Q002) The three key figures in avant-garde jazz are
John Coltrane, Ornette Coleman, and Cecil Taylor.
(Q022) Prime Time was the name of an electric band fronted by which avant-garde musician?
Ornette Coleman
(Q003) This disruptive Pulitzer Prize winner was raised in Texas, played at the Five Spot in 1959, and released albums entitled The Shape of Jazz to Come, Change of the Century, and This Is Our Music:
Ornette Coleman.
The saxophonist and composer of "Lonely Woman" is
Ornette Coleman.
(Q010) At the very end of this excerpt of "Bulbs," the pianist plays
chord clusters up and down the keyboard.
(Q014) Before playing jazz, Cecil Taylor had musical experience in
classical music.
(Q004) On this performance of "Lonely Woman," the string bassist uses
double stops and a pedal tone.
(Q011) Eric Dolphy played
flute, alto saxophone, and bass clarinet.
(Q001) Avant-garde jazz was also known by this name, taken from a 1961 album by Ornette Coleman:
free jazz.
(Q024) Avant-garde performances
frequently reject blues and song forms and encourages free improvisation.
