Junior theo final

Spirit of the Law

Adherence to the purpose with which the law was written in a spirit of justice, love and respect.

Sin

"An offense against God; an utterance, deed or desire contrary to His law of love."

Law

"An ordinance of reason for the common good, promulgated by the one who is in charge of the community"

Mortal Sin

An action so devastating that it destroys our relationship with God; complete rejection of God.

Concupiscence

An inclination (or "leaning towards") sin.

Imputable

Ascribed, attributed or definitely linked to a specific accountable person or entity.

Superstition

Attributing magical power to certain practices or things

Faith

Belief in and personal knowledge of God.

Prudence, Justice, Fortitude, Temperance

Cardinal Virtues:

We experience concupiscence when we are tempted to sin because of the fun or pleasurable appeal of sinful behaviors. If sin was not fun or pleasurable (if we did not experience concupiscence) we probably would not sin!

Catholic understanding of concupiscence?

Duress

Force or pressure.

Justice

Giving God and each person his or her due by right.

Sloth

Laziness in keeping the faith or practicing virtue; neglecting to do one's duties out of lethargy.

Charity

Love of God and love of neighbor as God loves us.

Envy

Sorrow over another's good fortune; covetousness over another's possessions or characteristics.

Blasphemy

Speech or action that shows disrespect or contempt for God or persons or things dedicated to God

*Search* out the facts *Think* about alternatives and *consequences* *Others*; consider them and consult them *Pray*

Stop sign method of discernment: ___ out the facts ___ about alternatives and ___ ___; consider them and consult them ___

Letter of the Law

Strict, cold, heartless and mindless adherence to the literal interpretation of the law, sometimes to an extreme.

Freedom

The power, rooted in reason and will, to perform deliberate actions of one's own responsibility.

Natural Law

The reasoned participation of humans in God's eternal law that reveals what God intends us to do and to avoid according to His wise and loving plan.

The Precepts of the Church

The six minimal obligations for members in good standing of the Catholic faith community.

External Freedom

The type of freedom from factors outside of ourselves that threaten our power to choose.

Internal Freedom

The type of freedom from factors within ourselves that threaten our power to choose.

False; not morally bound

True or False: Citizens are obligated to follow the norms established by those with legitimate authority over us, including parents, teachers and administrators, law enforcement, and all the branches of government. We are always morally bound to follow the rules or laws they enact, even if a law is not just.

True

True or False: Contrary to a pharisaical approach to the Law, Jesus encourages His disciples to move beyond mere adherence to the letter of the law and learn to abide by the spirit of the law. This requires a change in our attitudes towards the law from viewing it as a burden to joyfully accepting it as a way to love God and others as He loves us.

True

True or False: Even though Christ instituted a New Law of Love, He did not abolish the Old Law. We are still expected to faithfully keep the Decalogue.

False; We are culpable for our personal sins, but not the Original Sin because we did not choose it.

True or False: Every human person is culpable for the original sin

True

True or False: Every human person is fundamentally good, even if they are responsible for an evil action.

True

True or False: Freedom is not the ability to do whatever one desires, whenever one desires.

False; all 3

True or False: In order for an action (or a failure to act) to be a mortal sin, only one of the three components for a mortal sin must be present.

True

True or False: The Principle of Double Effect can never morally justify a direct abortion.

True

True or False: The emotion of anger is never fundamentally evil or sinful.

True

True or False: The primary responsibility of the government is to protect and defend the basic fundamental rights of its people (ex. the right to life).

True

True or False: To the degree that our choices are voluntary, we are responsible for our choices.

True

True or False: While not all superstitions are a violation of the 1st Commandment, we must avoid any and all forms of superstitious practices that attribute any form of supernatural power to objects, actions, or any person other than God.

Hope

Trust in God's salvation and His bestowal of the graces needed to attain it.

Pride

Unlimited appreciation for one's own worth; arrogance; excessively high opinion of oneself

Gluttony

Unrestrained, immoderate consumption of food or drink.

Loving God and loving others.

What are the basic divisions of the Decalogue?

Grave Correct. Full knowledge. Full consent of the will

What are the components of a mortal sin?

Oringal sin

refers to the broken condition of our human nature, which we are born into and must be repaired through Baptism.

Missing the Mark Hardness of heart

two images for sin that can be found in Sacred Scripture (according to your class notes)

Acedia

A deliberate attitude of not caring; apathy; boredom

e. All of the above.

A law must be: a. Reasonable. People should be able to rationally and conscientiously submit to it. b. Directed towards the Common Good. It must build up the community and keep its people safe. c. From a competent authority who is empowered to legislate on behalf of others, for their best interest. d. Declared and broadcast so that people are informed of their responsibilities toward the law. e. All of the above.

Minimalism

A philosophy that can be described as the enemy of ambition, hard work and excellence.

Nihilism

A philosophy that maintains our acts have no objective value because there is no meaning to our existence.

Fear

A response to a perceived physical or emotional threat, be it real or illusory

Norm

A rule held by a group or society.

The Principle of Double Effect

A set of ethical criteria for evaluating the permissibility of acting when one's otherwise legitimate act may also cause an effect one would otherwise be obliged to avoid.

Prudence

"Right reason in action."

Hell

"The state of definitive self-exclusion from communion with God and the blessed, reserved for those who refuse by their own free choice to believe and be converted from sin, even to the end of their lives."

Social Sin

A cycle of sin, violence and injustice caused by individual sins.

Discernment

A decision making process that attends to the implications and consequences of an action or choice.

Fortitude

Courage to persist in living rightly.

his/her personal sins.

Each person is culpable for...

Inordinate Attachments

Excessive attachments to people or things.

Our beliefs form our values, which are translated into principles that are finally articulated as norms. The Magisterium is ultimately responsible for articulating norms through the guidance of the Holy Spirit.

How are the moral norms of our faith formed?

The presence of an impediment to freedom may reduce or even fully remove all accountability.

How could the impediments to freedom affect a person's accountability for an action?

b. Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God (January 1) d. The Immaculate Conception g. All Saints Day (November 1) h. Ascension Thursday (40 days after Easter) i. Christmas (December 25) j. The Assumption of the BVM (August 15)

Identify the Holy Days of Obligation (Select all that apply): a. Ash Wednesday (40 days before Easter) b. Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God (January 1) c. The Epiphany of the Lord (January 6) d. The Immaculate Conception e. The Annunciation (March 25) f. The Birth of Mary (September 8) g. All Saints Day (November 1) h. Ascension Thursday (40 days after Easter) i. Christmas (December 25) j. The Assumption of the BVM (August 15)

Greed

Immoderate desire for earthly goods.

Lust

Inordinate, unrestrained craving for pleasure.

Anger (Wrath)

Intemperate desire for revenge; hostile feelings towards others.

Temperance

Moderation in pursuit of pleasures.

7 Deadly Sins (Capital Sins)

Moral vices that give rise to many other failures to love.

Sin of Omission

Not doing an action that is called for

Ignorance

Not knowing what to do or what not to do.

Inadvertance

Not paying attention or being distracted while making a decision.

1. Mass Sundays & Holy Days 2. Confession at least 1 time a year 3. Receive Communion at least during Easter 4. Follow days of fasting and abstinence 5. Provide for material needs of Church to the best of your ability

Precepts of the Church

Sin of Commission

Purposely doing an action that is harmful to oneself or another.

Decalogue

Ten Words;' refers to the Ten Commandments

The New Law

The Gospel of Jesus Christ; a law of love, grace and freedom. This form of law perfects the Old Law, but does not add to it. Rather, it helps us to understand the core values of divine and natural law.

spirit of the 3rd Commandment

The ___ _ _ __ ________ urges us to focus on our priorities, namely our relationships with God, self and family.

Spirit of the 2nd Commandment

The ___ _ _ __ ________ urges us to mean what we say and use our words to build a culture of respect and love.

Intention

The aim or motive of a course of action

Civil Law

The application of the higher forms of law to government in order to help the members of society to do good and avoid evil.

Circumstances

The conditions or facts attending an event and having some bearing on it. They can increase or decrease the moral goodness or evil of an action.

Culpability

The degree to which people are responsible for their actions.

The Old Law

The first stage of revealed law; summarized by the decalogue, this Law guided God's people.

Canon Law

The full body of officially established rules governing the Catholic Church which was last revised in 1983.

Eternal Law

The idea of the government of things that exists in the mind of God; it is the plan of God's wisdom by which all action and motion of the universe is directed.

Venial Sin

The lesser degree of sin that weakens our relationship with God

Moral Object

The moral content of an action that suggests whether the action is directed towards the true good.

Determinism

The philosophy that holds that every event, action, and decision results in something independent of the human will.

b. God created us male and female, and each makes up for what is lacking in the other.

What does it mean to be created as complementary beings? a. It means that our choices must be exercised in relation to others; i.e. we must consider our relationships (including our relationship with God) before we act. b. God created us male and female, and each makes up for what is lacking in the other. c. It means that our choices must be exercised in relation to others; i.e. we must consider our relationships (including our relationship with God) before we act. d. All of the above.

Neutral: they don't have a moral quality themselves. Its how we act on them that matters.

What is the moral quality of the human emotions in themselves?

Moral Norms informed by faith and reason.

What should be the primary consideration before making an important decision?

a. All of these.

When it comes to intentions... a. All of these. b. They are the subjective dimension of morality. c. We should always keep our intentions good. d. It is never okay to do something bad, even if our intentions are good.

a. All of these

Which of the following accurately describes the attitude of the Pharisees towards the Law? a. All of these. b. They were attached to ornate rituals prescribed by the Old Law, but their exterior manifestations of the law did not always translate into interior conversion. c. They strictly and self-righteously adhered to the letter of the law, but they hypocritically failed to show love, humility and mercy even though God had frequently showed them love and mercy throughout salvation history. d. They failed to recognize and follow the spirit of the law, which resulted in an endless burden of complicated rules without meaning. Ironically, they even failed to recognize the spirit of the law when God, Himself, walked among them and taught the meaning of the Law.

a. Failing to attend Mass on a Holy Day of Obligation

Which of the following best exemplifies a sin of omission? a. Failing to attend Mass on a Holy Day of Obligation b. Receiving the Eucharist in a state of Mortal Sin. c. None of these. d. The emotion anger.

d. We hold Determinism to be false because it fails to recognize our freedom to choose, which is essential to the study of morality.

Which of the following best reflects the Church's stance on Determinism? a. We hold Determinism to be true because God has already determined how we ought to live our lives. b. Believers may choose to accept or reject Determinism according to their personal philosophy. c. We hold Determinism to be true because we have the power to determine our own system of morality depending upon our beliefs and what makes us happy. d. We hold Determinism to be false because it fails to recognize our freedom to choose, which is essential to the study of morality.

a. Citizens must display patriotism and obey the laws of their country, even if it is corrupt.

Which of the following is NOT a basic responsibility that citizens have towards their government/community? a. Citizens must display patriotism and obey the laws of their country, even if it is corrupt. b. Citizens are responsible for following the law, and for doing everything in their power to peacefully change laws that are not just. c. Citizens who can vote have a duty to do so. d. Citizens are responsible for paying taxes, as long as those taxes are reasonable and they are able to pay them.

e. Anger

Which of the following is NOT an impediment to freedom? a. Fear b. Habit c. Ignorance d. Duress e. Anger

b. The act must never result in the loss of human life, even if this effect is unintended.

Which of the following is NOT one of the four rules or conditions of the Principle of Double Effect (PDE)? a. The unintended but foreseen bad effect cannot be disproportionate to the good being performed. b. The act must never result in the loss of human life, even if this effect is unintended. c. The good effect cannot arise from the bad effect; otherwise, one would do evil to achieve good. d. The act itself must be good. e. The only thing that one can intend is the good act, not the foreseen but unintended bad effect.

d. It is objectively wrong to torture a child.

Which of the following is an example of Natural Law? a. "I am the Lord your God. You shall have no false gods before me." b. The Constitution of the United States of America c. The Precepts of the Church d. It is objectively wrong to torture a child.

b. Keep the intention good.

Which of the following is one of the rules governing intentions? a. The ends justify the means. b. Keep the intention good. c. Intentions are morally neutral. d. Intentions are the main factor in determining the moral quality of an act.

d. Hell is a state of separation from God, which is reserved for those who have made a conscious, free rejection of God and have remained unrepentant (not sorry) until death.

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the Church's teachings on hell? a. Hell exists and we can form a judgment about the identities of some of the damned. b. Hell is a fiery place of torture where God delights in punishing those who punished His Son through their sins. c. We do not know whether or not hell exists and it doesn't matter because we believe that all people will go to heaven. d. Hell is a state of separation from God, which is reserved for those who have made a conscious, free rejection of God and have remained unrepentant (not sorry) until death.

d. The innocent little question

Which of the following terms is NOT one of the 7 Steps of Grace? a. Enter the family structure b. Trust c. The Visitation d. The innocent little question

Because a person's name was viewed as synonymous with their identity. Therefore, to disrespect God's name is to disrespect His very identity.

Why is it so important to respect and honor the names and titles associated with God?

b. Because a person's name was viewed as synonymous with their identity. Therefore, to disrespect God's name is to disrespect His very identity.

Why is it so important to respect and honor the names and titles associated with God? a. All of these. b. Because a person's name was viewed as synonymous with their identity. Therefore, to disrespect God's name is to disrespect His very identity. c. Because the 3rd Commandment requires us to respect and honor God's name. d. Our words mean nothing. Therefore, it is not important to use names and words respectfully and honorably as long as we mean no disrespect or dishonor to God and/or others.

Power Pleasure Race Ancestors The State Money

the modern-day "false gods."