Kidney_SLO_Practice_Questions

B. Urethra

Select the structure or structures that are much LONGER in males than in females. A. Kidney tubules B. Urethra C. Renal arteries and veins D. Ureters E. Bladder

E. Transitional epithelia

The arrow labeled "1" is pointing to a specially adapted tissue. What is it? A. Smooth muscle B. A filtration membrane C. Ciliated columnar epithelia with villi D. Pseudostratified columnar epithelia E. Transitional epithelia

B. Renin

The cells located at the arrow anchored with a star are part of an apparatus with an important role in blood pressure. In order to mediate blood pressure INCREASES, they release __?__. A. Acetyl choline B. Renin C. Norepinephrine D. Epinephrine

B. Peritubular capillaries

This structure is a capillary bed from which blood is filtered into the nephron. It is this filtrate that eventually becomes urine. A. Glomerular capsule B. Peritubular capillaries C. Renal corpuscle D. Glomerulus E. Vasa recta

D. Interlobar vein, arcuate vein, cortical radiate vein, renal vein

Blood flows from the peritubular capillary beds to the renal vein through this sequence of vessels. A. Inferior vena cava, arcuate vein, cortical radiate vein, interlobar vein, renal vein B. Efferent arteriole, vasa recta, cortical radiate vein, arcuate vein, interlobar vein, renal vein C. Cortical radiate vein, arcuate vein, interlobar vein, renal vein D. Interlobar vein, arcuate vein, cortical radiate vein, renal vein E. Arcuate vein, cortical radiate vein, efferent arteriole, interlobar vein, renal vein

B. The macula densa

Examine the cells in the tubule labeled "A." Notice that on the right side of the tubule adjacent to the large central structure, the cells are larger, taller than the rest of the cells in this tubule. What is this group of cells called in the tubule labeled "A"? A. The pyramids B. The macula densa C. The glomerulus D. The vasa recta E. The nephron

B. Nephrons

Identify the structure in the kidney that produce urine A. Afferent and Efferent arterioles B. Nephrons C. Major and minor calyces D. Collecting Ducts E. The vasa recta and peritubular capillaries

A. Glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct.

List the parts of the nephron in the correct sequential order. A. Glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct. B. Collecting duct, nephron loop, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, glomerulus. C. Proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, glomerulus, collecting duct. D. Proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, glomerulus, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct. E. Nephron loop, glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct.

A. emptying the bladder

Micturition is a synonym for __?__. A. emptying the bladder B. incontinence C. over-active bladder syndrome D. a full bladder E. ejaculation

B. Excreting nitrogenous wastes, maintaining electrolyte balance, and maintaining acid-base and fluid balances.

The functions of the urinary system include __?__. A. Maintaining the acid-base and fluid balance of the body. B. Excreting nitrogenous wastes, maintaining electrolyte balance, and maintaining acid-base and fluid balances. C. Maintaining the electrolyte balance of the body. D. Excreting nitrogenous wastes. E. Regulating blood pressure.

C. Renal corpuscle and glomerulus

The histological section shown has a large structure featured in the center. This structure is the __?__. A. Major and minor calyces B. Renal pelvis C. Renal corpuscle and glomerulus D. Ureter E. Convoluted tubule

A. Cortex

The outermost portion of the kidney is called the renal __?__. A. Cortex B. Medulla C. Column D. Pelvis E. Hilum

C. Hilum

The renal artery enters the kidney at the __?__. A. Trigone B. Renal papilla C. Hilum D. Renal pelvis E. Renal medulla

B. Cortex

The renal corpuscles are located in the __?__ of the kidney. A. Pelvis B. Cortex C. Pyramids D. Medulla E. Columns

D. Podocytes

The specialized cells of this structure are called __?__ because they have cytoplasmic extensions that look like feet in contact with the capillary walls to prevent most proteins and cells from being filtered out of the blood. A. Cuboidal epithelia B. Juxtaglomerular cells C. Connective tissue D. Podocytes E. Squamous epithelia

D. Afferent arteriole

The vessel that supplies blood to the glomerulus is called the __?__. . A. Peritubular capillary bed B. Arcuate artery C. Vasa recta D. Afferent arteriole E. Efferent arteriole

E. Minor calyces, major calyces, renal pelvis

Urine drips from the ends of the collecting ducts. Trace the path through the remaining structures in the kidney, in order, until urine enters the ureter. A. Calyces, columns, pyramids, pelvis B. Pyramids, columns, hilum C. Major calyces, renal pelvis, pyramids D. Columns, medulla, cortex E. Minor calyces, major calyces, renal pelvis

E. Tubular reabsorption

Urine is formed by three processes. In which process, or processes, do filtrate components that are USEFUL to the body move from the nephron back into the blood? A. Tubular reabsorption and secretion B. Tubular secretion and filtration C. Tubular secretion D. Filtration E. Tubular reabsorption

D. Filtrate

What exits at the arrow anchored with a circle? A. Urine B. Water only C. Cells D. Filtrate E. Blood

D. Ureter

What is this histological slide showing a section through? A. Kidney tubule B. Kidney C. Urinary bladder D. Ureter E. Urethra

Juxtaglomerular cells

What type of cells are at the arrow labeled "B?" A. Tubular cells B. Podocytes C. Squamous epithelia D. Granular cells E. Juxtaglomerular cells