KIN 545 - Midterm Questions
Sports most common for CTE?
-Football and Boxing
Gender-Linked Practices shown in research to diminish and trivialize women?
-Physical Markers -Use of "girl" or "gal" -Feminine Suffixes -Lady -Male as a false generic -Male name with a female modifier -Double Gender Marking -Gendered Opposition
What were the 2 health reasons given for supporting women NOT riding bikes?
-Reproductive Failure -Ovaries would Drop
What were the 3 rules set by coach Ed Temple when his female athletes finished a race & before they had their pictures taken?
-Wipe Face -Comb Hair -Lipstick
How many children go to ER each year due to sport-related injuries?
1 in 5
In which year did women first compete in experimental events at the Olympic Games?
1928
Before high school sports for women were available, which organization had competitive sport opportunities for women?
American Athletic Union
In 1975 who ws the first woman to receive an athletic scholarship to UCLA?
Anne Myers
What object was seen as sinister & evil because it gave women mobility?
Baby Carriages
What is the most popular sport in the US?
Football
What is Suzanne Lenglen's only loss in her tennis career blamed on?
Her flask was "spiked" with water
Which agency is not accredited by the National Commission for Certifying Agencies?
ISSA
Who was the first female gold medalist in the Olympic Marathon?
Joan Benoit
As of 2017, women's sport accounted for ____ of total sports media coverage worldwide
Less than 10%
One of the leading causes of inequity between male and female sports?
Media
Is creatine banned in NCAA?
NO
What does NSCA stand for?
National Strength and Conditioning Association
Female Tennis Player with 23 Grand Slam Titles
Serena Williams
What was the final score in the first women's intercollegiate basketball game?
Stanford - 2 Berkley - 1
Our textbook refers to physical injuries, mental abuse, drugs, eating disorders, and overtraining as examples of _____
Unhealthy Aspects of Sport OR Dark Side of Sport
Who makes the decisions on what is/is not illegal drugs in the Olympics?
United States Olympic Committee (USOC)
Who was the first American women to win 3 gold medals in track & field in a single olympics?
Wilma Rudolph
Michelle Obama, along wiht organized sports, initiated what movement to combat childhood obesity?
"Let's Move"
Certifying organizations for personal trainers
-ASCM -NSCA -NASM
Compared to nonathletes, female athletes are more _____
-Achievement Motivated -Independent -Poised
Main reasons childhood obesity is on the rise?
-Advertisements of Unhealthy Food -Increased TV & Video Game Time -Fast Food Restaurants and Proximity to School
Banned Categories of Drugs in NCAA
-Anabolic Agents -Peptide Hormones -Diuretics
The prevalence of _______ among athletes appears to be about the same range as that reported for nonathletes, while ______ is found more often among athletes than nonathletes
-Anorexia Nervosa -Bulimia Nervosa
What 2 factors changed the opinions of the public in regard to Babe Didrickson's sexuality?
-Appearance (long har, earrings, skirts) -Marriage to a man
Per the NCAA banned substances lists, what sports have BETA-2 Agonists banned?
-Archery & Rifle
Reasons athletes drop out of sports?
-Burn OUt -Injury -TIme Committment -Money
Three Supplements not banned in sport?
-Caffiene -Creatine -Ephedrine
Advantages of Participation in Adult Organized Sport?
-Children learn to manage relationships with adult authority figures -Children learn rules and strategies used in activities -Gain status that carries into other parts of their lives
In 1997, three college wrestlers died while trying to sweat off pounds in conjunction with taking which substance?
-Creatine
Which country was caught running controlled experiments using anabolic steroids for their womens international swim team?
-East Germany
What are 4 ways today that the public sees demonstrations of acceptance for women as athletes in American society?
-Endorsements Available -Professional Leagues -Can be exhausted in public; give thier all -Women's Jerseys
Reasons why women should get the same pay as males for the same sport
-Equal Pay Act -Same Goal, Time Committment -Enforces that genders are equal -Representing same organization -Increase participation in women sports
What are the 3 requirements of Title IX?
-Girls have same participation opportunity -Same scholarship $ to men and women -Laundry list of rest (uniform, gyms, etc)
What sports are considered "equal pay for equal play" when it comes to prize money in competition?
-Golf -Tennis -Skiing
According to the textbook, other than sports minorities are rarely involved in what positions?
-Head Coach -General Manager -Owner Athletic Director -Trainer -Sports Publicist
Which of the following sports leagues have a ban on Adderall regardless of prescription?
-Hockey
In sports, which are the most commonly abused performance-enhancing drug used by athletes?
-Human Growth Hormone -Anabolic Steroids
Coaching Certification Agencies
-ICF -United States Sports Academy -ACA
Name two certifying bodies for coaching certification/degrees.
-International Coach Federation (ICF) -National Federation of State High School Associations (NFSHSA)
What are some advantages of overemphasizing participation in sports for children?
-Lower risk of obesity -Consume more fruits and veggies -Get recommended daily physical activity.
Which of the following is an example of gender marking?
-NCAA Womens Final Four -Womens 400m Relay
Rules that applied in first version of b-ball for women?
-No dribbling -No physical contact -No talking -No pushing ball out of bounds
Influences that pressure young athletes for early specialization to maximize their athletic skills?
-Parents -Coaches -Neighbors -Society -Colleges
Three ways to initiate change in sports organizations?
-People can work within the system, volunteer to coach youth sports teams or serve on the board of directors of a sports league. -Become involved in opposition groups -Financially support existing organizations that show promise in bringing change
Examples of why kids quit sports?
-Poor experience with a coach -Injuries caused by overuse -Costs of equipment and training
Legal duties of a coach?
-Providing a safe sport environment -Using the total knowledge and skills of instruction & training -Planning for short and long term training programs -Proper matching of athletes in practices and comps based on their size, skill, and power -Providing proper medical care -Preventing sexual harrassment by other athletes and coaching staff, as well as discrimination
Reasons why WNBA may be paid less than NBA?
-Season is significantly shorter -May not generate as much revenue
According to class discussion and readings, which of the following tend to emphasize winning over participation?
-Sport Specialization -Parental Demands -Cost of Sport
Which of the following are areas Title IX has failed according to some literature?
-Sports Governance -Athletic Media Representation -Perception of Women in Sports
Three Parts of Great American Sports Myth
-Sports Participation Builds Character -If there are problems, they are because of a few "bad apples" and not the system -Acceptance of the system makes critical thinking about sport difficult
Nine problems in sports that demonstrate the need for change?
-Striving to win can lead to unethical behavior -Children's sports have moved from peer control to adult control -Youth & school programs are elitist -College sport at the big-time level has become too big, too dominated by money, too controlled by those outside the university to make sense educationally -Girls & women have not received equality in school sport -Racial minorities now dominate the major sports teams, but rarely as head coaches -Schools & Franchises should eliminate racist and sexist names, logos, mascots, and other symbols -Improper for cities and regions to use public money to build and maintain stadiums and provide other subsidies for profit -Attending big time college and professional sports events has become too costly
What were the 5 characteristics or behaviors displayed by Martina Navritolova that were seen as "strikes against" her in how she was portrayed to the public and why she did not get as many endorsement contracts as Chris Evert?
-Strong/Muscular -Sexuality -Aggressive -Outspoken -Czechoslovakian
The rise of childhood obesity is due to ______
-TV time -Restaurants around schools -Advertisements
In which 4 sports did the "skirt theory" apply?
-Tennis -Archery -Golf -Yachting
Sports where men and women have same rules and object of the game?
-Tennis -Golf -Basketball -Soccer
Sports with "Equal Pay for Equal Play"
-Tennis -Skiing -Golf
Requires that "reasonable accomodations" must be provided for an individual who can establish that he/she has a "disability" and is "otherwise" qualified to participate in sport or activity?
-The Rehab Act (Section 504) -The American with Disabilities Act of 1990 -Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA
The 4 Grand Slam Tournaments?
-US Open -French Open -Wimbledon
Tennis Tournaments that engage in Equal pay for Equal Play
-Wimbledon -French Open -Australian Open
In what year did Bobbi Gibb become the first woman to run the Boston Marathon?
1966
When did women first compete in the marathon at an Olympic Games?
1984
In the NFL, how many criminal offenses can a player receive before being banned from the league?
2
The starting salary in the NBA is ___ times higher than the salary cap in WNBA?
5
USA today posted statistics of athletes from 2001-2019 who have been arrested for crimes such as assault, domestic violence, and/or drugs. How many athletes have been arrested for these crimes?
943
In which American culture was there a high level of acceptance for women being physically strong and athletic?
African American
When did female African American athletes move to the forefront in track and field?
After WWII
This federal law, passed in 1978, was spawned by the gender equality consciousness of Title IX and the issue of unfair national team selection for Olympic, Pan American, World Champs, and other international sporting events?
Amateur Sports Act
Which of the following prohibits discrimination because of a disability?
American with Disabilities Act of 1990
The prevalence of bulimia nervosa is more often among _____ than ________
Athletes, Nonathletes
IN 1932, who was the first female olympic star? How many medals did she win?
Babe Didrickson; 3
In which professional sports league did African American women first participate?
Baseball Negro League Indianaopolis Clowns
During WWII, which sport was developed as a professional league for women?
Baseball/Softball
Fastest growing sport in the world as of today?
Basketball
Not directly related to female sports participation?
Better school performance
In 1952, what was the body type of the Russian female athletes who dominated the Olympic Games in track and field?
Big & Muscular
Who was the winner of "Tennis Battle of the Sexes"
Billie Jean King
In ht 1973 "Tennis Battle of the Sexes" who were the two players?
Billie Jean King vs. Bobbie Riggs
Three most common methods used for _____ ______ are EPO, synthetic oxygen carriers, and blood transfusions
Blood Doping
In the 1920s, dresses gave way to which type of attire for women that provided them with more freedom of movement?
Bloomers
This term may describe how personal trainers may use their bodily appearance as a symbolic container indicating both moral and social worth?
Bodily Capital
Which 3 sports became popular for women during WWII?
Bowling, Softball, Basketball
What were the 3 "B's" used to select basketball players for the Flying Queens?
Brains, Beauty, Basketball
What is the most dangerous organized sport?
Bull Riding
Example of when sports unite?
Celebrities voices stand against unfair pay for women athletes
What does CTE stand for?
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
More than 100 years ago, athletes mixed which two substances to create what is known today as "speedball" to enhance performance?
Cocaine + Heroin
Play days were designed so that women would play together. What did the organizers NOT want to see happen?
Competition; they were supposed to play with not against
Which hormone is chosen by endurance athletes to stimulate the production of red blood cells and increase the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood?
EPO / Erythropoietin
As professionals we can _______ girls to keep encouraging them to participate in sports and change the negative perceptions?
Educate
Which of the following is a realistic solution to handle unhealthy options in school lunchrooms?
Educate children about diet
True or False: NCAA athletes get paid for participating in collegiate level sports?
False
True or False: On average, adults want their children in sports for them to have fun.
False
True or False: Personal Trainers are required to have a degree?
False
True or False: Personal Training Certs are required to practice in the US
False
In 1924 ,the first Winter Olympics, what sport were women allowed to participate?
Figure Skating
In which country was the first track meet for women held?
France
_______ term used in the literature to represent the verbal and visual presentation of male athletics being the norm, thus rendering women's sports as secondar?
Gender Marking
Who was the first woman, and the first person, to swim the English Channel using the freestyle stroke instead of the breastroke?
Gertrude Ederlie
________ is a process whereby goods, information, people, money, communication, sport, fashion, and other forms of culture move across national boundaries
Globalization
In what sport was the first professional sport org for women developed?
Golf - LPGA
What female sport makes considerably more money as compared to male counterpart?
Gymnastics
In which 5 team sports have American women won gold medals at the Olympic Games?
Gymnastics Team Soccer Beach Volleyball -Basketball -Softball -Ice Hockey?/
Who was the first woman to officially run the Boston Marathon?
Kathryn Switzer
Who was not allowed to see the first women's intercollegiate basketball game?
Men
In the textbook, the author compares the nomenclature of football to what?
Militaristic Aspects of War & Violence
Who makes the decisions on what is/is not illegal drugs in collegiate sports?
NCAA
Major Accrediting body for personal training cert?
NCCA
For years, the _____ tried to negate the findings of researchers that repeated blows to the head have lasting, serious consequences.
NFL
List the professional sports leagues in order from least to highest average crime rate
NHL > MLB > NFL > NBA
Is there a legal act to mandate youth coaches certification?
NO
During the 1960's, which organization gathered data at national and local levels on discrimination in community and school sports? This org lobbied Congress, which ultimately passed Title IX
NOW = National Organization of Women
After WWII, what 2 behaviors were expected from women?
Passivity & Ultra Feminimity
The author of the textbook states that baseball represents what aspect of our society?
Past
Athletes of any age who train seriously every day year-round engage in what sports sociologists call _______
Positive Deviance
Definition of Globalization
Process by which businesses or organizations develop influence internationally or start operating on an international scale.
Studies show that the timing of _______ resulted in less kids eating lunch.
Recess
Who is the current commissioner of the NFL who upholds the Personal Conduct Policy for NFL athletes and staff?
Roger Goodell
These prohibited compounds are a class of therapeutic compounds that have similar properties to anabolic agents BUT with reduced androgenic properties?
Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMS)
Highest paid female athlete?
Serena Willias
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 banned racial discrimination in all public places. What other type of discrimination did it also ban?
Sex
What happened when Jackie Mitchell pitched against Babe Ruth?
She struck him out; banned all women from organized baseball
What happened during the race to the first women to run in the Boston Marathon?
She was tackled and screamed at to get out of the race; she was disqualified
Since the passing of Title IX, what trend have we seen in female coaching and administrative positions?
Significant DECREASE
What medal was awarded to the first USA women's basketball team competing in the 1976 Olympics?
Silver
What gymnast is ranked number one in the world?
Simone Biles
What is the most recent punishment stated in the NFL's Personal Conduct Policy for athletes first offense for criminal assault, domestic violence, and/or child abuse?
Six Game Suspension
This yearly sporting event brings in nearly 10 billion dollars every year?
Super Bowl
In which sport did Donna deVarona receive 2 gold medals at the 1964 Olympics?
Swimming
Which university track team dominated women's track events in America after WWII?
Tennessee State
In which sport did the first women's sports superstar compete?
Tennis
Who makes the decisions on what is/is not illegal drugs in professional football?
The NFL
_______ enforces Title IX of the education amendments of 1972?
The U.S. Department of Education's office for Civil Rights
What is the "Great American Sports Myth"?
The widespread belief that all sports are essentially pure and good, and that their purity and goodness are transferred to those who participate
Why was the distance women were allowed to run restricted to 100 meters after the 1928 olympics?
The women looked "tired" - was reported that they collapsed and fainted; 32 years before they could run 800m again
Which law prohibited discrimination on the basis of sex in all federally funded educational institutions?
Title IX
The Virginia Slims Circiut was a result of a protest by women tennis players. What were they protesting?
Unequal Tournament Pay
On which college campus was the first women's basketball team?
Vassar
Which level of youth athlete is at the highest risk for sexual abuse?
Verge of Stardom
What agency oversees the fight against performance enhancing drugs in sports?
WADA
Which Texas University was one of the first to offer athletic scholarships to women?
Wayland Baptist
What was the statement of social change created as a result of the "Tennis Battle of the Sexes?
Women believed in self; okay to beat men/brothers
