KINES 311- WSU

Higher PO2 of carbon dioxide in the blood compared to the lungs would drive oxygen from the blood into the lungs for exhalation.

True

If an athlete is experiencing nausea, cramping, or dizziness, they may be experiencing heat exhaustion or heat stroke.

True

Larger force production requires activation of larger motor units.

True

Opening the eyes or lifting hands from hips are considered error in the BESS Test.

True

Resistance training has been shown to increase fat-free mass and reduce body fat.

True

The SAID principle describes the transferability of a training stimulus to a performance outcome.

True

The total amount of force a muscle can produce during contraction relies in the total number of cross-bridge connections between actin and myosin filaments.

True

Two athletes with the same stride length and stride frequency will run at the same speed.

True

When spotting an overhead dumbbell movement, the spotter should grab at the forearm or wrists.

True

When starting with GLYCOGEN, the glycolysis will yield a net total of 3 ATP.

True

When you are unable to modify frequency or duration for an athlete's training you should instead modify the intensity of the session.

True

Which of the following fiver type transitions is most likely to occur?

Type IIa -> Type IIx

Which of the following is not a site of hormone release cite in the body?

a. Adrenal Gland b. Pituitary Gland c. Hypothalamus d. Creatine Gland Answer: D

Which of the following grips is used for the hammer curl exercise?

closed, neutral

What two components are required for crossbridge cycling?

- ATP and Calcium

If the intensity of an activity requires more oxygen than individual's VO2max values, they are likely in a _____ state.

- Anaerobic

Which of the following is TRUE with respect to cartilage adaptation?

- Cartilage growth does not often occur in adults, but cartilage can heal to a certain degree

______ is an increase in the cross-sectional muscle fiber area, whereas ______ is an increase in the total muscle fiber through longitudinal splitting.

- Hypertrophy; Hyperplasia

You are preparing a testing battery for WSU Basketball Athletes. Which of the following athletic parameters is least relevant? Please select the BEST answer.

- Maximal Strength

When performing short-term, high intensity activity (5-10 seconds), what would a typical work: rest ration look like?

-1:12 to 1:20

You are designing a hybrid strength/hypertrophy training program for a power-lifting athlete. Which of the following ranges of sets/repetitions/load ranges would be best to achieve a combination of both strength and hypertrophy adaptations?

-3-6 sets of 4-8 repetitions at 80-90%

You have prepared a test-battery for baseball athletes that assesses the maximal swing power, sprint ability, and balance of the individual athletes. You have planned for a 16-week program which will reassess the athletes at 4 week intervals. At week 8, you decide that the swing power is not significantly changing and adjust the program for improve swing power. The process is called:

-Formative Evaluation

You and a colleague are preparing a strength training program for 12-14 year old football athletes. Which of the following factors is most likely to influence their rate of strength gain throughout the program?

-Neurological Factors

How many grams pf protein per day would a 100 kg adult from the general population require?

-~80 grams

Which of the following would be an appropriate warm-up for heavy, free-weight, back-squat training day (3 working sets, 2 reps at 95% 1RM)

10-minute row-ergometer light pace; 10 inchworms, 10 lunge walk, walking knee lifts, 5-4-3-2-2 reps at 50-65-75-85-8-90% 1RM respectively.

Which of the following is the maximum recommended depth jump box height for an athlete who weights over 220 pounds (100kg)?

18 inches (46 cm)

If an athlete is tested in the bench press and is found to have a 1RM of 220 pounds (100kg), approximately what weight should this athlete lift if he is performing six repetitions per set?

185 pounds (85 kg)

You are training a beginner WSU Tennis athlete. Here is her profile: Female, 20 years old, weight: 50 kg, resistance training status intermediate, plyometric training status beginner, flexibility status below average for sport. Which of the following programs would be most appropriate for this individual in her pre-season training?

2-day per week 30 min flexibility training, 2-day per week plyometric training session (1 upper body, 1 lower body) @ 80 contacts per session, 3-days per week resistance training sessions (1 upper body, 1 lower body, 1 full body)

A 1-repetition maximum lift should be assessed within _______ attempts following the warmup.

3-5

Which of the following volumes has the greatest potential to increase muscular endurance?

5 sets of 15 repetitions

Which of the following hormones shows a greater effect on Type II fibers than on Type I fibers?

Cortisol

You are currently designing a brand-new test for Strong Man athletes to test their muscle endurance Currently, experts agree on the theory of the test and athletes claim that this is a good test for the athletic parameter. Which of the following types of validity is your test missing?

Criterion-Reference Validity

Which of the following athletes would data from a T-Test be most useful for?

Defensive Linemen

A test does not have to be reliable in order to be valid.

False

Acute increases of cardiac output in response to aerobic endurance exercise are a result of increased breathing rate and oxygen uptake.

False

An athlete is complaining of decreased motivation to train. They are at risk of chronic detraining effects.

False

An athlete with beginner change of direction ability should perform deceleration/ reacceleration exercises in both forward/ lateral directions.

False

Athlete A has a lactate threshold around 63% of maximal oxygen uptake. Athlete B has a lactate threshold around 56% maximal oxygen uptake. Assuming all other performance and anthropometric factors are the same, Athlete B is more likely to win a fixed-distance race against Athlete A.

False

Athletes can stimulate bone formation through low-repetition, low-weight isolation exercise.

False

Autogenic and reciprocal inhibition results from stimulation of the muscle spindle.

False

Calcium deficiency is the most prevalent nutrition mineral deficiency world-wide.

False

Catabolism is the synthesis of large molecules from smaller molecules via catabolic reactions.

False

Decreased read blood cell production is a chronic adaptation to altitude hypoxia.

False

Females show significant increases in total testosterone throughout resistance training efforts.

False

If you are testing a team of athletes for a straight-line sprint test, you would allow then to warm up separately however they would worm up for a race.

False

Individual muscle fibers within a motor unit are capable of contracting a separate time.

False

Low speed muscular strength can be accessed via horizontal broad jumping.

False

Only one of the three biological energy systems for producing ATP are active at any given time.

False

Pattern recognition, visual scanning, anticipation, and thermoception are all perceptual- cognitive components of an athlete's agility.

False

Synovial joints allow virtually no movement.

False

Tapering is the unplanned reduction of volume or activity in prior to a competition or microcycle.

False

The Golgi apparatus is a proprioceptive organ located in tendons.

False

The following is an optimal upper body/ lower body split routine for a 4x per week training frequency: Sunday: rest Monday: Lower body Tuesday: Lower body Wednesday: Rest Thursday: Upper Body Friday: Upper Body Saturday: Rest

False

The power-clean is a resistance training exercise that shows related movement patterns to a typical tennis racket stroke.

False

We are able to completely prevent sarcopenia through continued training as we age.

False

When laying on a bench for a flat bench-press both feet, buttocks, and shoulders should be in contact with the bench, but the head may raise off the bench.

False

Women average higher aerobic power values compared to men.

False

You are working with a 67 year old female client who has been mostly sedentary for the past 10 years. She has expressed having problems with her knees and hips, but has not yet seen a doctor before asking for training. You should begin working with her immediately and try to fix the knee/hip problems with training.

False

Which of the following is a type of aerobic endurance training that involves easy running (70%) combined with short, fast bursts of running (85-90%) for short time periods?

Fartlek

Please place the following tests in the appropriate sequence for delivering a battery best for an athlete in a single day.

First: Aerobic Capacity Test, Agility Test, Anaerobic Capacity Test, Strength Test, and Muscular Endurance Tests: Last

An athlete performing ballistic stretching should follow which of the following guidelines?

Involve an active muscle effort

During a PNF stretch, all of the following muscle actions are used to facilitate the passive stretch of a muscle EXCEPT:

Isometric muscle action of the agonist

When an athlete lands in the ground from a lower body plyometric jump, the shoulder should be in line with the _________ when viewed from the side.

Knees

The iron-man triathlon is a long distance Run/Bike/Swim event that test the endurance levels of the fittest athletes on the planet. Which of the following bioenergetic limiting factors is most likely to reduce their performance in they do not have sufficient storage of energy?

Muscle Glycogen

When developing a resistance training program, which of the following program design variables should be addressed first?

Needs analysis

Which of the following are the components of the RAMP protocol?

Raise, Activate, Mobilize, Potentiate

Athletes seeking to improve strength should rese for 2-5 minutes between sets of 85%+ training loads.

True

Both fatty acid and amino acids are capable of producing ATP through glycolysis.

True

The extent to which each of the three energy systems contributes to ATP production depends primarily on

The intensity and duration of the muscle activity

A training load of 70% for 8 repetitions across 4 sets would likely elicit a hypertrophic adaptation.

True

Which of the following is the best example of a pair of exercises that, when performed sequentially with little to no rest between then, constitute a compound set?

Upright row and shoulder press

Which of the following are physiological mechanisms that contribute to changes in peripheral blood concentrations of hormones?

a. Circadian rhythm b. blood volume shifts c. Tissue clearance rates Answer: All of the above

When preparing a testing battery, which of the following is not a primary consideration for the test?

a. Environment b. Biomechanics c. Catabolic Factors d. Metabolic Specificity Answer: C

During the margaria-kalamen test, an athlete's total power output is calculated with each of the following data points EXCEPT:

a. Height of athlete (m) b. Height of steps (m) c. Weight (kg) d. Time up steps (seconds) ANSWER: A

Which of the following is NOT a role of catecholamine hormones?

a. Increase muscle blood flow b. Increase muscle contraction rate c. Shut down hormone-to-receptor interaction d. Modulate secretion rates of other hormones Answer: C

Which of the following is NOT expected to DRASTICALLY change during a bout of aerobic endurance exercise?

a. Oxygen Uptake b. cardiac output c. Diastolic Blood Pressure d. Heart Rate e. Blood flow to active muscle groups f. systolic Blood Pressure g. Stroke Volume Answer: C

You are training a female track & field athlete for an upcoming Decathalon. Her training has included a large volume of work effort over the last 12-weeks, but you have not seen significant training adaptations. Working in conjunction with the team physiologist, you have concluded that she may be experiencing menstrual issues. Which of the following aspects of your athlete's regimen is NOT a pressing concern?

a. Sleep Schedule b. Current Motivation for playing sport c. Nutrition status Answer: C

Fiber is an important nutrient in order to move solid waste through the system. Which of the following is NOT true with respect to fiber?

a. Women should ingest 21-29g/day b. Men should ingest 30-38g/day c. Aerobic endurance athletes may require more fiber than a general population d. Aerobic endurance athletes may require less fiber than a general population ANSWER: C

An athlete performing which of the following workouts has the greatest need for a weight belt?

back squat at 90% 1RM

Which of the following is the order of the phases of the stretch-shortening cycle?

eccentric, amortization, concentric

Which of the following is the best recommendation for combining plyometric training with resistance training in a single workout session?

high-intensity lower body resistance training with low-intensity upper body plyometrics.

Which of the following best describes core exercise and assistance exercise, respectively?

recruit on or more large muscle areas and receive priority when selecting exercise, recruit smaller muscle areas and are considered less important to improving sport performance