LA-7

Which teeth and soft tissues are innervated by the inferior alveolar nerve?

Mandibular teeth to the midline and buccal soft tissue from premolars to the midline

Rapid transmission of nerve impulses along myelinated nerve fibers is known as:

Saltatory conduction

Which of the following is the most important consideration when preventing overdoses to local anesthetic drugs?

Slow administration

Which of the following contents in the cartridge is the preservative for epinephrine?

Sodium bisulfite

Pt calls the office and complains he has sloughing of the tissue, what is the most likely cause:

topical was in contact with the soft tissue for too long.

A pt is experiencing moderate signs and symptoms of an overdose of a local anesthetic drug and office emergency protocol has been activated. which of the following correctly describes the next step:

administer oxygen

Depolarization refers to a potential change across a nerve membrane from -70mV to +40mV.:

true

Ester-type local anesthestic drugs are biotransformed in the

blood by pseudocholinesterase

Which positively charged ion functions as a gatekeeper in ion channels:

calcium

Which of the following does not occur upon rapid depolarization:

calcium rapidly floods into the axoplasm

which of the following is an anatomical landmark for an ASA injection:

canine fossa anterior to the canine eminence

Which of the following DOES NOT have an effect on the ability to achieve profound anesthesia in the presence of inflammation?

choice of topical anesthetic

The PSA injection technique may be contraindicated in patients with:

clogging disorders

The incisive nerve is a terminal branch of the:

inferior alveolar nerve

Which of the following is a possible anatomical barrier to the success of an infiltration:

large exostosis

Which one of the following is an anatomical barrier to the success of an infiltration technique?

large exostosis

which of the following local anesthetic drugs is safest to use in the case of a known family history of methemoglobinemia:

lidocaine

The amide local anesthetics are biotransformed in the:

liver by P450 isoenzymes

Which of the following initial signs and symptoms should alert the clinican to a potential overdose reaction:

metallic taste and circumoral tingling/numbness

In myelinated nerves, local anesthetic molecules are effective:

only at the nodes of ranvier

Elimination half life refers to the time it takes for half of a drug to be

out of the circulation

Nerve layers represent the most significant barrier to the diffusion of anesthetic solutions:

perilemma and perineurum

which of the following nerve blocks is most frequently associated with hematoma formation:

posterior superior alveolar

Which is the correct deposition for a PSA:

posterior surface of the maxillary tuberosity

Which two ions are responsible for the maintenance of the resting potential:

potassium and sodium.

Most important part of having good ergonomics:

prevent tissue trauma

Local anesthetics blocks nerve impulses by:

preventing the depolarization of the nerve membrane

The field of anesthesia of an IO nerve block includes the:

pulps and periodontium of maxillary central incisors through canine and premolars, mesial buccal buccal root of the first molar, upper lip, side of nose, and lower eyelid.

After local anesthesia, pt complains of pain in jaw and cannot open, what should you suggest:

should apply moist, warm towels

Which of the following is most important consideration when preventing overdoses of LA:

slow administration

what is the main cause of hematoma:

tearing a blood vessel

Which of the following best explains why infiltration techniques are successful in the maxilla:

they diffuse through the bone easily

At a resting state a nerve membrane has the electrical potential of:

-70mV (twice)

What is the maximum dose of epinephrine a patient with significant cardiovascular disease should receive in an appointment?

0.04 mg

What is the maximum dose of epinephrine per appointment for a healthy adult?

0.2

Which of the following needles gauges has the smallest lumen?

30

Following a relatively severe heart attack, how long should elective dental treatment be delayed?

6 months

Which of the following teeth would be anesthetized by an IO injection technique?

9,10, 11, 12, 13, and sometimes the MB root of 14

Which statement best describes the relative refractory state when the membrane has not fully returned to its resting state?

A larger stimulus than the previous stimulus can produce a firing threshold.

In the absence of an MSA nerve, which of the following two nerves may innervate the premolars and the mesiobuccal root of the first molar:

Anterior superior alveolar and posterior alveolar

During an inferior alveolar injection, a patient makes a sudden movement in response to needle contact with bone. The needle bends and breaks off at the hub. The broken shank of the needle is barely visible in the mucosa. Which one of the following is a recommended first response?

Ask the patient to keep the mouth open and attempt to remove the needle with a hemostat

Which local anesthetic drug is appropriate for extended periods of postoperative pain control?

Bupivacaine

Which of the following is the longest acting anesthetic solution

Bupivacaine

Which one of the following local anesthetic drugs is safest to use if only considering a family history of methemoglobinemia?

Bupivacaine

Dental hygiene procedures require less duration of anesthesia than restorative procedures.

False

What is the most common cause of failure for the PSA:

Getting too far from the foramen

Pt has two cavities that need to be filled, #6, #3. Which injection would be the safest for ralph:

Infiltrate each tooth

What factor decreases the effectiveness of local anesthesia when tissues are inflamed?

Inflammation causes a decrease in the pH of surrounding tissues

Which of the following signs and symptoms should alert the clinical to a potential vasoconstrictor overdose:

Intense anxiety and nausea

Which vasoconstrictor should be considered for a diabetic patient with poorly controlled blood sugar levels when hemostasis is not needed

Levonordefrin 1:20,000

What is the correct relationship of Schwann cells to the nodes of Ranvier

Nodes of Ranvier are gaps between Schwann cells

Which one of the following injection technique errors can cause facial nerve paralysis following an IA nerve block?

Overinsertion into the capsule around the deep lobe of the parotid gland

a good way of reducing anxiety

PREP

Which of the following nerve blocks is most frequently associated with hematoma formations:

PSA

Your pt jim is coming in to have #14 MOD filled. Your doctor has asked you to numb him for her. What injection is needed to achieve pulpal anesthesia:

PSA and MSA

Pt is 64, taking warfarin.. Safest injection for him is to infiltrate due to the medication...

PSA will make him bleed

the point at which a stimulus first produces a sensation of pain

Pain threshold

Indicates amount of pain individual is willing or able to endure

Pain tolerance

Which of the following injections is most frequently associated with hematoma formation?

Posterior superior alveolar

Local anesthetics block pain impulses by:

Preventing deporization of the nerve membrane

Oraqix is a eutectic mixture of which anesthetic drugs?

Prilocaine and lidocaine

Epinephrine is an absolute contraindication for patients with poorly controlled or uncontrolled hyperthyroidism.

TRUE

The most common concentration of benzocaine topical is twenty percent, which will provide a thirty-second onset of anesthesia with a peak effectiveness in two minutes.

TRUE

Which statement describes the correct positioning of the long window of the syringe?

Toward the clinician to permit visibility throughout the injection

The inferior alveolar nerve is the largest branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

True

The lingual nerve is usually anesthetized along with the IA nerve when an IA nerve block is administered.

True

You have injected a patient for a restoration. Immediately the patient becames anxious restless, even clutching his chest. You reassure the patient and his breathing slows and feels calmer:

vasoconstrictor overdose

When an infiltration injection is unsuccessful, it may be helpful to:

visualize, palpate, check radiographs, and reassess the technique.