Lab 15- Urinary System

Renal Tubule

"Plumbing of the kidney"- consists of the proximal tubule, loop of henle or nephron loop, and distal tubule.

Urethra

Duct by which urine is converted out of body from bladder and semen for males.

Which ion is secreted in exchange for sodium?

Potassium.

Tubular Reabsorbtion

Process by which our bodies reclaim needed substances from filtrate.

Tubular Secretion

Process where nephron tubules remove substances from blood not filtered at glomerulus and put them into filtrate.

Which of the following is not one of the urinary systems functions?

Regulating the production of insulin and glucagon.

Peritubular Capillaries

Surround tubules of the nephron and provide oxygen and nutrients and take substances reabsorbed by tubules back to blood.

Urinalysis

Test of urine used to test and manage a wide range of disorders, checks appearance, concentration, and content of urine.

Renal Pelvis

The broadened top part of the ureter into which the kidney tubules drain. Basin for collecting urine.

Urine drains from the kidneys via what?

The ureters.

Nephron

Tiny functional units of the kidney.

Ureter

Tubes that collect urine from renal pelvis and drains urine through the hilum into the bladder. Lined with transitional epithelium.

What is the function of the renal system?

Maintain blood pH, regulate blood pressure, and control blood concentration.

Urine is expelled in the body through a process called what?

Micturation.

Major and Minor Calyces

Minor calyces are large tubes that drain fluid from the nephron into major calyces which are even larger tubes that drain into the renal pelvis.

Renal Cortex

Most superficial region- Dark brown because it consists of many blood vessels that serve the tiny functional units of the kidney.

Urinary Bladder

Organ that collects urine from ureters. Lined with transitional epithelium and contains smooth muscle.

Which of the following statements accurately defines glomerulus?

A ball-shaped capillary bed, site of blood filtration in the kidneys.

Glomerulus

Ball of capillaries where blood is filtered.

The blood flow through the kidney is special because why?

Because its first capillary beds drain into arterioles.

Which of the following substances would you not expect to find in the filtrate in significant amounts?

Erythrocytes.

Glomerular Filtration

Filter of blood derived to them.

Filtrate

Fluid that results from the filtration process- composition similar to blood but lacks proteins.

Which of the following statements accurately defines nephron?

Functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering and removing waste products from the blood.

Urinalysis can tell you what?

If there is an infection in the kidney or urinary tract, if blood sugar is elevated, if a person is dehydrated, if a person's kidneys function normally.

Renal Medulla

Kidney's middle region and contains triangular structures called renal pyramids.

Which of the following is true?

The fluid and solutes in the filtrate have been removed from the blood and are located in the renal tubules.

Which of the following statements accurately defines renal medulla?

The kidneys middle region, consisting of medullary pyramids and renal columns.

Urine

Watery, yellowish fluid stored in the bladder and discharged through urethra- eliminates excess water and salt.