Lab Manual Ch. 17 (Ears) & 18 (Mouth, Nose, Sinuses, Throat)
by age 90, renal blood flow has usually decreased by approximately
50%
decreased ventricular compliance
S4
while assessing an adult client's jaw, the nurse hears a clicking popping sound, and the client expresses pain in the joint. the nurse should further assess the client for
TMJ dysfunction
a neurologic change associated with normal aging is
a decrease in reaction time
a risk factor for sinusitis in the frail elderly is
a nasogastric feeding tube
when the nurse moves the client's arm away from the midline of the body, the nurse is performing
abduction
the functional reflex that allows the eyes to focus on near objects is termed
accomodation
the physical declines of aging often first become noticeable when
acute or chronic illness places excessive demands on the body
after examining the client's tympanic membranes, the nurse documents "right tympanic membrane red and bulging with no light reflex." the nurse recognizes that these are signs of
acute otitis media
moving limbs toward median plane of the body
adduction
the meibomian glands secrete
an oily substance to lubricate the eyes
the nurse has assessed the nose of an adult client and has explained to the client about her thick yellowish nasal discharge. the nurse determines that the client understand the instruction when the client says that the yellowish discharge is most likely due to
an upper respiratory infection
constipation is a possible adverse side effect of
anticholinergics, oral corticosteroids
orthostatic hypotension is a possible adverse side effect of
anticholinergics, oral corticosteroids, steroidal inhalant
erectile dysfunction is a possible adverse side effect of
anticholinergics, steroidal inhalants
whitish or yellow-tinged patched in mouth are possible adverse side effects of
antidepressants, anticoagulants
GI bleeding is a possible adverse side effect of
antihypertensives
an adult client visits the clinic complaining of recurrent ulcers in the mouth. the nurse assess the client's mouth and observes a painful ulcer. the nurse should document the presence of
aphthous stomatitis
the nurse is assessing an adult client's oral cavity for possible oral cancer. the nurse should explain to the client that the most common site of oral cancer is the
area underneath the tongue
a client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that she has joint pain in her hands, especially in the morning. the nurse should assess the client further for signs and symptoms of
arthritis
while assessing the elbow of an adult client, the client complains of pain and swelling. the nurse should further assess the client for
arthritis
the nurse is assessing the mouth of an older adult and observes that the client appears to have poorly fitting dentures. the nurse should instruct the client that she may be at greater risk for
aspiration
while assessing muscle strength in an older adult client, the nurse determines that the client's knee joint has a rating of 3 and exhibits active motion against gravity. the nurse should document the client's muscle strength as being/having
average weakness
the conjunctiva of the eye is divided into the palpebral portion and the
bulbar portion
inflammation of the bursa
bursitis
while assessing an older adult client, the client complains of chronic pain and severe limitation of all should movements. the nurse should refer the client to a physician for possible
calcified tendinitis
the nurse is assessing a client who has been taking antibiotics for an infection for 10 days. the nurse observes whitish curd-like patches in the client's mouth. the nurse should explain to the client that these spots are most likely
candida albicans infection
significant decrease in central vision
cataract
the middle layer of the eye is known as the
choroid layer
the chambers of the eye contain aqueous humor, which helps to maintain intraocular pressure and
cleanse the cornea and the lens
type of rigidity characterized by jerky movements with passive stretching
cogwheel
the transmission of sound waves through the external ear and the middle ear is known as
conductive hearing
the nurse has performed the rinne test on an older adult client. after the test, the client reports that her bone conduction sound was heard longer than the air conduction sound. the nurse determines that the client is most likely experiencing
conductive hearing loss
a sign of infection in the elder that is more common than fever is
confusion
crackling sound or sensation heard or felt with joint movement
crepitus
the nurse is planning to inspect an adult client's mouth, using a tongue depressor. the nurse should plan to
depress the tongue blade slightly off center
noticeable loss of vision and distortion of familiar objects and occasional floaters
diabetic retinopathy
the nurse is planning a presentation to a group of high school students about the risk factors for oral caner. which of the following should be included in the nurse's plan
diets low in fruits and vegetables are a possible risk factor for oral cancer
before examining the mouth of an adult client, the nurse should first
don clean gloves for the procedure
backward bending or flexion of a joint
dorsiflexion
movement bringing a limb into or toward a straight condition
extension
the cone of light is located in the
external ear
bones contain yellow marrow that is composed mainly of
fat
joints may be classified as cartilaginous, synovial, or
fibrous
the nurse is preparing the examine the ears of an adult client with an otoscope. the nurse should plan to
firmly pull the auricl, out, up, and back
a client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that after playing softball yesterday, he thinks his knee is 'locking up'. the nurse should perform McMurray test by asking the client to
flex the knee and hip while in a supine position
movement that brings a limb into or toward a bent condition
flexion
in the hearing pathway, hair cells of the spiral organ of corti are stimulated by movement of
fluid
an adult client tells the nurse that he eats sardines every day. the nurse should instruct the client that a diet high in purines can contribute to
gouty arthritis
while examining the spine of an adult client, the nurse notes that the client has a flattened lumbar curvature. the nurse should refer the client to a physician for possible
herniated disc
an older adult client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that she has had shooting pain for the past several days. the nurse should assess the client for signs and symptoms of
herniated intervertebral disc
articulation between the head of the femur and the acetabulum is in the
hip joint
while reviewing a client's charts before seeing the client for the first time, the nurse notes that the client has a diagnosis of dupuytren contracture. the nurse anticipates that the client will exhibit
inability to extend the ring and little finger
while assessing the ears of an adult client, the nurse observes that the tympanic membrane is completely immobile. the nurse should further assess the client for signs and symptoms of
infection
an adult client tells the nurse that his 80-year-old father is almost completely deaf. after an explanation to the client about risk factors for hearing loss, the nurse determines the client needs further instruction when the client says
it is difficult to prevent hearing loss or worsening hearing
abnormal convexity of the posterior curve of spine
kyphosis
a benign skin lesion commonly seen in the aged is
lentigines
a client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that he has had lower back pain for the past several days. to perform lasegue test, the nurse should ask the client to
lie flat and raise his legs to the point of pain
bones in synovial joints are joined together by
ligaments
blurriness of words in center of the page
macular degeneration
the nurse is preparing to examine the sinuses of an adult client. after examining the frontal sinuses, the nurse should proceed to examine the
maxillary sinuses
the tarsal plates of the upper eyelid contain
meibomian glands
the nurse is planning a presentation on osteoporosis to a group of high school students. which of the following should the nurse plan to include in the presentation?
moderate strenuous exercise tends to increase bone density
tenderness or pain in the muscle
myalgia
the nurse is planning to perform an ear examination on an adult client. after explaining the procedures to the client, the nurse should
observe the client's response to the explanations
the optic nerves from each eyeball cross as the
optic chiasma
decreased baroreceptor sensitivity
orthostatic hypotension
while assessing the musculoskeletal system of an adult client, the nurse observes hard painless nodules over the distal interphalanged joints. the nurse should document the presense of
osteoarthritis
a client with insulin-dependent diabetes visits the clinic and complains of painful hip joints. the nurse should asses the client carefully for signs and symptoms of
osteomyelitis
a female client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that she began menarche at the age of 16 years. the nurse should instruct the client that she is at a higher risk for
osteoporosis
transmission of sound waves in the inner ear is known as
perceptive hearing
the external covering of the bone that contains osteoblasts and blood vessels is termed the
periosteum
type of flexion associate with foot extension
plantar
the nurse is preparing to inspect the nose of an adult client with an otoscope. the nurse plans to
position the handle of the otoscope to one side
diminished vibratory sensations and slowed motor responses in advanced age result in
postural instability
one of the functions of a bone is to
produce blood cells
the bony orbit and fat cushion of the eye serves as a
protector
straight movements of the eye are controlled by the
rectus muscles
a nurse assesses the mouth of an adult male client and observes a rough, crusty, eroded area. the nurse should
refer the client for further evaluation
an adult client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that she has been experiencing frequent nosebleeds for the past month. the nurse should
refer the client for further evaluation
while assessing the ears of an adult client. the nurse observes bloody drainage in the client's ear. the nurse should
refer the client to a physician
photoreceptors of the eye are located in the eye's
retina
floaters associated with flashes of light
retinal detachment
a client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that she has painful cracking in the corners of her lips. the nurse should assess the client's diet for a deficiency of
riboflavin
loss of elasticity in aorta and arteries
rise in systolic blood pressure
while assessing the range of motion in an adult client's shoulders, the client expresses pain and exhibits limited abduction and muscle weakness. the nurse plans to refer the client to a physician for possible
rotator cuff tear
the nurse is assessing the spine of an adult client and detects lateral curvature of the thoracic spine with an increase in convexity on the left curved side. the nurse suspects that the client is experiencing
scoliosis
the subacromial bursae are contained in the
shoulder joint
calcification, stiffening, and dilation of the aortic valve
soft systolic murmur at base of heart
the ossicles contained in the middle ear include the malleus, the incus, and the
stapes
an adolescent client tells the nurse that her mother says she grinds her teeth when she sleeps. the nurse should explain to the client that grinding the teeth may be a sign of
stress and anxiety
the nurse is planning to conduct the weber test on an adult male client. to perform this test, the nurse should plan to
strike a tuning fork and place it on the center of the client's head or forehead
when the nurse moves a client's leg upward, the nurse is performing
supination
an adult client visits the clinic and complains of tinnitus. the nurse should ask the client if she has been
taking antibiotics
skeletal muscles are attached to bones by
tendons
an adult client visits the clinic complaining of a sore throat. after assessing the throat, the nurse documents the client's tonsils as 4+. the nurse should explain to the client that 4+ tonsils are present when the nurse observes tonsils that are
touching each other
sensory receptors in the ear that help to maintain both static and dynamic equilibrium are located in the semicircular canals and the
vestibule
the nurse is caring for an adult client who is in a cast because of a fractured arm. to promote healing of the bone and tissue, the nurse should instruct the client to eat a diet that is high in
vitamin C
a client tells the nurse that his grandmother has a diagnosis of osteomalacia. the nurse should instruct the client that to decrease the risk factors for osteomalacia, the clients should have adequate amounts of
vitamin D
the nurse is preparing to perform a musculoskeletal examination on an adult client. the nurse has explained the examination procedure to the client. the nurse determines that the client needs further instructions when the client says
you'll continue with range of motion even if i have discomfort