Large hadron collider

Purpose of proton crashes

to reverse engeneer the proton. Smashing atoms together can reveal what they are made of.

Deep of ring (complicated)

175 m

Lhc is also known as (not large hadron)

Atom smasher

The mess of particles from proton collisions tells us?

But this mess tells us what's inside a proton.

Is Lhc easy?

Complicated

Explain the explosion during collision

Depending on the curve, tells you if positively charged or negatively charged. And how long is the radius of curvature. This has a direct relationship of what the velocity or momentum of the particle is.

Questions

Hadron meaning "Describe the Big Bang" Quizlet search Helium How many collisions occur in Lhc a second Atlas detector When was Higgs boson discovered

Why is it called Lhc

Hence name, large hadron colliders.

Lhc confirmed?

Higgs boson

How many magnets?

It takes thousands of magnets

Lhc has how many protons crashes?

Lhc is all about million proton crashes

Who is watching during collisions

Scientists

Scientists roles in Lhc collisions

Scientists have to watch at the right fraction of a second to discover a new particle.

protons are

subatomic particles called hadrons, such as protons

Hadrons meaning

They find neutrons, pions, muons, kaons, and neutrinos. Any particles that have these things are called hadrons.

A bottle of compressed hydrogen gas is shot into the Lhc. Largest and most powerful particle accelerate. Is in cerns. Hydrogen atoms from this gas cylinder are fed at a preceisley controlled rate into the source chamber of a linear accelerator cerns, Linac two, where their electrons are stripped off to leave Hydorgen nuclei. These are protons, and are accelerated by an electric field. They will take part in ultra high energy collisions, similar to following the Big Bang. This initial acceleration has caused linac two to be like the numbering first stage of a huge rocket, and by the time this pack of protons leave linac two, it will travel almost at the speed of light. It will then enter the booster stage, which is the loops, to maximize the intensity of the beam, the pack of protons is divided up into four, one for each of the boosters rings, and the booster is circular. In order to circulate the packets, the are repeatedly circulated and the electric field is pulsed, the same way when you push a child on a swing each time they reach a certain point. The loops are 157m in circumference. Magnets exert a force on the passing protons at right angles to their directions of motion. Powerful electromagnets are used to bend the beam of protons around the circle. This booster accelerates the protons at almost the speed of light and squeezes them closer together. Recombining the packet from the four rings, it is then flung on to the proton collider. Two proton packets are involved. The main collider is 628m in circumference. They circulate for 1.28 secinds reaching 99.9 percent the velocity of light. It is here where the point of transition is reached, where the energy added to the protons from the pulsating electric field cannot translate into an increase in velocity, as they are already approaching the limiting speed of light. Instead, they added energy and manifests itself as increasing mass of the protons.

The protons can't go faster, so they get heavier. The microscopic kinetic energy of each proton is measured in a unit called electron volts. The energy of each proton has risen now. Protons are 25 times heavier now. Goes to another ring, increases energy even more. Soon, the packets of protons will be energized significantly to be launched into the gigantic lhc. Lhc is between France and Switzerland. Deep underground. 27 km is it's circumference. There are two vaccum pipes within the Lhc, containing proton beams traveling in opposite directions. Kickers synchronize incoming packets with those already circulating. One vaccum pipe has proton injected into it and will circulate clockwise, and the other circulated anti clockwise. The counter rotating beams crossover in the four detector caverns, where they can be made to collide. The energy of the collision is double that of the individual opposing protons, it is the debris of these collisions that are tracked in these detectors. For half an hour, the sps injects protons and finally there are 2,808 protons packets. During this time Lhc adds extra energy to the protons. The velocity now is so near the speed of light. It goes around the 27 km ring, over eleven thousand times each second. It gets a boost of energy in each revolution, from the pulse electric field. At this point, they are seven thousand times heavier then at rest. The magnetic force needed to keep the beams bending to the ring is so enormous that nearly 12,000 amps must flow through its electromagnets. This is achieved by making Lhc colder than outer space so it's magnets become super conducting. Protons then collide in detectors. A steering magnet bring them into a collision. The total energy of two protons colliding, it reproduces similar states to moments after the Big Bang. Particle tracks from these collisions will be analyzed by computers connected to the detectors. It's hope is that these will give insight to the very birth of our universe.

What are Hugh's boson

They are subatomic particles that carry the fundamental forces except gravity called bosons. Certain bosons have mass.

What do they find when atoms collide

They find neutrons, pions, muons, kaons, and neutrinos.

What happens when two protons collide

When two protons collide, a whole mess of particles comes through.

particles are

fundamental building blocks of the universe - particles.

Purpose of Lhc (complicated)

in the search for mysterious sub atomic god particles.

Purpose of magnets 2 points

squeeze it thinner then the human hair and guide them around the ring.

purpose of finding undiscovered particles

that can help explain some of the mysteries of how the universe was formed.

Benefit of Higgs boson discovery

which helped them explain why matter takes on mass to form stars and planets. The Higgs boson is a holy grail to find, they found it. Dark matter makes up 85% of our universe. It does not absorb, reflect, or emit light. Scientist have discovered three new exotic quarks - the tiniest particles ever found. They exist for a hundred thousand billionth of a billionth of a second.