LEADERSHIP FINAL

What is physical attack or abuse of a nurse known as? What is the consequence?

Class D felony *7 years in prison!

Who should have the right to file grievances?

EVERYONE

What is mandatory overtime?

Employees are forced to work additional shifts, often under threat of patient abandonment

What is used when difference cannot be settled through grievance process?

arbitration

What are common interview mistakes?

arriving too early saying too much wearing wrong colors asking about salary/vacation too early

What is the focus of transition to practice programs?

bridge nursing students from school to employment

What are three forms of workplace violence?

bullying incivility mobbing

What are some common conflict resolution strategies?

compromising competing cooperating smoothing avoiding

What is a lateral transfer?

employee moves to another unit with same role

What is an accommodating transfer?

employee receives same salary with reduction in energy expenditure

What is a downward transfer?

employee takes position within organization that is below her level

Define mobbing

employees gang up on someone

What mainly affects unionization rates?

employees perceptions of their supervision quality

Describe promise

first 10 years of employments (building knowledge, gaining exposure, building confidence)

What should you focus on with conflict? What should you not focus on?

focus on causes of disagreement and not personalities

Define discipline

form of punishment but not the same thing! designed to train a character to bring about desired behaviors

What is Douglas McGregor's Hot Stove Rule?

four elements must be present to make discipline fair

What are group norms?

group-established standards of expected behavior that are enforced by social pressure

What states have the most unions?

hawaii, new york, california, pennsylvania, michigan, and illinois

Define induction

includes all activites that educate new employee about organization

Historically, when does union membership.activity increase and decrease?

increases during high employment decreases during economic recessions

Why is nursing demand expected to grow in the future?

increasing emphasis on preventative health care

What two things does group norms affect?

individual behavior and self-discipline

What are the three phases of employee indoctrination?

induction orientation individual orientation

Define fiscal accountability in healthcare

it should be possible to stay within staffing budget and meets patient needs

What does not disciplining an employee who should be disciplined do?

jeopardizes an organization's morale

What is a common limitation of the interview process?

mixed reliability and validity

Define collective bargaining

negotiation of wages and other conditions of employment by an organized body of employees.

What are common effects of workplace violence?

physical effects (pain) mental distress fatigue depression suicide

What does employee have the right to with grievances?

positive work environment and express discontent responsibly

What is the goal of discipline?

provide motivation to improve (emphasis on changing negative behaviors)

What should always be the last resort with discipline?

termination (only necessary for employees who continue to break rules depsite warnings)

What are some examples of factors that affect staffing needs?

source of nursing pools number of students in school knowledge level of staff budget constraints high patient census

Define diversion

when nurses take drugs designated for patient use

What is closed-unit staffing?

when staff members make a commitment to cover all absences and needed extra help themselves in return for not being pulled from the unit in times of low census

What is the historical relationship of the economy and nursing shortages?

when the economy improves, nursing shortages occur

What is job sharing?

when two part-time employees share one full-time job

What is the most frequent source of narcotics?

workplace theft from machines

What are reentry guidelines for recovering nurse?

employee assigned to day shift for first year, paired with successfully recovered nurse, proof of continuing involvement with AA, and willing to consent to random urine screenings

What two stages occur at the same time?

felt and percieved

What is the effect of too little conflict in work environments?

organizations stasis

What is smoothing?

reduction of emotional component of conflict

What is the major defect of an interview?

subjectivity

What is another term for management development?

succession planning

What are the two forms of career coaching?

short term and long term

What are common scheduling options for healthcare organizations?

1. 10/12 hour shifts 2. premium pay for weekends 3. part-time staffing pool for weekends/holidays 4. job sharing

What are three workload measurement tools?

1. NCH/PPD (nursing care hours/patient day) 2. PCSs 3. workload measurement systems

What are the five generations of nursing?

1. silent generation (1925-1942) 2. baby boomer (1943-1960) 3. gen x (1960-1980) 4. gen y (1980-190) 5. gen z (1996-2015)

What are the three minimum staffing criteria?

1. staffing must meet laws/policies 2. staff must not be excessively fatigued by overtime 3. no patient care in jeopardy

What are two examples of nursing unions?

1. american nurses association 2. united steelworkers of america

For what seven reasons do nurses not join unions?

1. believe unions promote welfare state 2. demonstrate individualism 3. don't believe in unions 4. support of management 5. fear of consequences 6. fear of lost income with strikes 7. fear of peer judgement (viewed as scabs!)

What are three weaknesses of decentralized staffing?

1. can lead to arbitrary treatment 2. not cost-effective b/c staff needs are not holistic 3. more time-consuming for unit manager

How can management avert unions?

1. care for employees 2. communicated policies 3. procedures for handling employee grievances 4. competitive wages 5. job security = job performance

What are other common scheduling options?

1. float pools/supplemental staffing 2. shift bidding

What are the four elements of the hot stove rule?

1. forewarning 2. immediate consequences 3. consistency 4. impartiality

What are two pros of 12 hour shifts?

1. high level of satisfaction (less days worked/more free time) 2. solutions for difficulties with childcare

What are two cons of 12-hour shifts?

1. higher rates of burnout/job dissatisfaction 2. sleep deprivation increases disease risk

For what six reasons do nurses join unions?

1. increases power of the individual 2. increases input into organizational decision making 3. eliminate discrimination/favoritism 4. social need for acceptance 5. required by employer 6. improve patient outcomes

What are the three forms of conflict?

1. intrapersonal 2. interpersonal 3. intergroup

What are three strengths of decentralized staffing?

1. manager retains control 2. staff take requests directly to manager 3. provider greater autonomy/flexibility for staff

What are four types of alternative dispute resolutions?

1. mediation 2. fact-finding 3. due process hearing 4. ombudsperson

What are six reasons for nursing shortages?

1. nationwide downsizing of hospitals 2. aging of nursing workforce 3. accelerating demand for professional nurses 4. inadequate enrollment in nursing programs 5. aging of nursing faculty 6. resignations during pandemic

What four perspectives should a manager be able to see collective bargaining from?

1. organization 2. worker 3. general history 4. personal

What are four strengths of centralized staffing?

1. organization-wide view of staffing needs 2. impartial staffing policies 3. cost-effective 4. increased time for manager for other tasks

What are two weaknesses of centralized staffing?

1. provides less flexibility for worker/doesn't account for special needs 2. managers less responsive to personnel budget control

What are the four common steps in progressive discipline?

1. verbal admonishment (informal) 2. written admonishment (formal) 3. suspension from work without pay 4. dismissal

What makes nursing unions complex?

1. who can belong to them? 2. supervisor definition 3. ethical justification of strikes

If a rule is consistently broken, what two questions should be asked?

1. whose rule is it? 2. do we still need the rule?

What are the three conflict outcomes? Which is most optimal?

1. win-win (optimal) 2. win-lose 3. lose-lose

Nurses must work more than what percent of their time as charge nurse to be ineligible for union protection under NLRA?

15%

In 2018, what percent of nurses belong to unions?

18%

How long do certifications normally last?

5 years

What is collaborating?

An assertive and cooperative means of conflict resolution whereby all parties set aside their original goals and work together to establish a supraordinate or common priority goal (win-win!)

Who states that nurses develop skills through education and experience? (journey from novice to expert)

Benner

TRUE OR FALSE: centralized and decentralized staffing is synonymous with centralized and decentralized decision making

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE: conflict is always viewed as bad

FALSE (neither good or bad!)

TRUE OR FALSE: nursing unions focus primarily on monetary negotiations

FALSE (staffing, float provisions, scheduling)

TRUE OR FALSE: you should concentrate on agreement with conflict

FALSE (understanding instead!)

Do high interview assessments always correlate with high level job performance?

NO

What law allows employees the right to participate in unions?

National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)

TRUE OR FALSE: PCS participation requires Joint Commission certification

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: after the interview, the applicant should send a thank you note

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: as a nurse, you have the right to call 911 if abused

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: chemical impairment rate is higher with nurses

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: consensus is always an appropriate goal in resolving conflicts/negotiation

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: high demand for nurses correlates with increased union activity

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: manager should not nurture or counsel addicted employee

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: never tell the other party you are willing to negotiate totally

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: once management is faced with bargaining agent, it can either accept or oppose

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: rule breaking is allowed to go unpunished

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: subjectivity can never be totally eliminated

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: traditional discipline is not constructive in modifying marginal employee behavior

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: the slate should be wiped clean at the end of progressive discipline

TRUE (for all but most serious infractions)

TRUE OR FALSE: some level of turnover is desirable

TRUE (infuses fresh ideas!)

TRUE OR FALSE: as RN hours decrease, adverse patient outcomes increase

TRUE (like med errors, patient falls, decreased pt. satisfaction)

TRUE OR FALSE: negative info about applicant is often weighted more heavily than postive

TRUE (most decisions about applicant are made in first 30 seconds)

TRUE OR FALSE: mandatory overtime is neither efficient nor effective in the long or short-term

TRUE (poor staff perceptions about control)

What is arbitration?

a settlement negotiated by an outside party

What is bullying?

abusive conduct that is threatening or intimidating in nature

What are some illegal interview inquiries?

age marital status children race sex preference religion credit status

What other things make healthcare scheduling unique?

agency nurses travel nurses flextime self-scheduling float pools

What is shift bidding?

allows nurses to bid for shifts rather than requiring mandatory overtime

What do you use when parties cannot reach agreement through negotiation?

alternative dispute resolution

What should an applicant always do during an interview?

ask questions for employer!

What are some examples of patient classification systems? (PCS)

bathing, diet, IV fluids, medications, positioning

What is the only state that has enacted mandatory staffing ratios?

california

What is the outcome of avoiding?

conflict remains and remmerges later in worse form

What are three forms of discipline?

constructive destructive self

What is a major part of career management?

continued competency

What is the opposite of competing?

cooperating/accomodating

What are the two forms of staffing?

decentralized and centralized

What is incivility?

describes mistreatment or discourtesy to another person

What are marginal employees?

disrupt unit functioning because work only meets minimal standards

What should leaders prioritize when making staffing decisions

diversity! staff should mirror diversity of patient communitites

What type of conflict is always viewed as bad?

dysfunctional conflict

What is decentralized staffing?

each department is responsible for its own staffing

Define compromising

each party gives up something it wants

What is the goal of a diversion program?

early identification of impaired nurses and treatment services for them

What can emotional nurturing of impaired nurse by manager lead to?

enabling!

What are some tips for negotiation closure?

end on a friendly note hide astonishment at success follow up with a memo

What should selection be based on?

established criteria (not value judgements)

What are examples of incivility?

eye-rolling, nonverbal behaviors, sarcastic comments and extends to physically threatening behaviors

Define conflict

internal or external discord as a result of difference in ideas or values

In unstructured interviews, who talks more?

interviewer

What is the most common method for employee selection?

interviewing

What is the most time-consuming and costliest selection tool?

interviewing

What should mandatory overtime be used as?

last resort!

Describe harvest

late career; establishing a legacy and sage practice

What are the five stages of conflict?

latent, perceived, felt, manifest, aftermath

What are the four types of employee transfers?

lateral downward accomodating inappropriate

What is substance misuse?

maladaptive patterns of substance abuse continued even when faced with problems/danger

What is performance deficiency coaching?

manager works with employee to correct unacceptable behavior

Describe momentum

middle career phase (11-29 years); gaining mastery and establishing a professional track record

How do managers respond to conflict?

non-traditionally! (can no longer afford to avoid/suppress it because its nonproductive)

What is the main task for the nurse with PCS?

note frequency of occurrence of task/activity

What is the formula for calculating nursing hours per patient day?

nursing hours worked in 24 hrs/patient census

Define competing

one party pursues what it wants, regardless of the cost to others (win-lose!)

What is cooperating?

one party sacrifices own beliefs to allow other party to win (win-lose!)

What is avoiding?

parties are aware of a conflict but choose not to acknowledge it or attempt to resolve it

What two things must staffing consider?

patient acuity and expertise of workers

Define recruiting

process of actively seeking out or attracting applicants for existing positions

What should all nurses maintain to reflect their professional growth?

professional nursing portfolio

What are the three career stages?

promise momentum harvest

What is the effect of too much conflict in work environments?

redcued organizational effectiveness

What two aspects carry the most weight when making hiring decisions?

requirements of job and personal bias

What things require staffing policies in healthcare?

sick leave vacations holidays call-offs for low census on-call pay tardiness/absenteeism shift work

Define chemical impairment

resulting from drug or alcohol addiction

What is the most effective form of discpline?

self-discipline (can only occur is subordinates accept rules as valid)

What is the third phase of the management process?

staffing by the leader-manager

What is centralized staffing?

staffing decisions are made by personnel in a central office of staffing center

What should occur at the termination conference?

state facts of case explain termination process ask for employee input end meeting on positive note

What should occur at a disciplinary conference?

state problem explain disciplinary action agreement for plan

What is a grievance procedure?

statement of wrongdoing to follow when one believe a wrong has been committed

What are the two forms of interviews?

structured (better predictor of job performance!) and unstructured

What is the best way to optimize reliability in interviews?

structured and same interview format by all interviewers

What is management development?

system of training people to acquire skills to effectively manage people

Define orientation

teaches activities that are specific to position

What increases the validity within the selection process?

team approach

Define retention

the key to adequate staffing in the long-term (requires positive work environment!)

What is the greatest challenge in consensus building?

time

What is late-stage chemical dependency?

tolerance is developed and employee requires high amounts, experiences no pleasure, and exhibits defensiveness

Define punishment

undesirable event that follows unacceptable behavior

Define individual orientation

unique to each department

What is the best way to overcome interview limitations?

use team approach and use structured format (do multiple interviews!)

What is staffing by acuity?

using a patient classification system to group pts. by characteristics (different hours of nursing care for each patient classification)

What is the expectation of a organizational bullying policy?

zero tolerance