LearningCurve 14b. Humanistic Theories and Trait Theories

A principal is looking for advice on how to improve his relationships with the teachers in his school. What might Carl Rogers suggest?

Be genuine with them and show them unconditional positive regard.

Frieda is organized, careful, and disciplined. She would likely score very high on a Big Five scale that measures:

conscientiousness.

Alice works as a school counselor for an inner-city school. She is very popular with the kids. They believe that they can share anything with her and that she will listen and take the time to understand what is going on with them. Carl Rogers would argue that Alice would score high on a scale of:

empathy.

Brain activity scans suggest that people who are _____ seek stimulation because their normal brain arousal is relatively low and the frontal lobe is less active.

extraverted

Rachel is a manager at a large department store. She is popular with her staff. Many of her employees like her because she is honest, frank, and open without any facade. Carl Rogers would argue that Rachel would score high on:

genuineness.

The life story approach to personality assessment is MOST likely to be practiced by a _____ psychologist.

humanistic

Todd tends to be calm, secure, imaginative, and independent. He likely scores _____ on the Big Five trait neuroticism and _____ on the Big Five trait openness.

low; high

Unconditional _____ is an attitude of total acceptance toward another person. This attitude nurtures growth in others.

positive regard

The process of fulfilling one's potential is called:

self-actualization.

Maria believes that she is a very bright and caring person. These qualities help make up her:

self-concept.

According to Abraham Maslow, self-actualization is a high-level psychological need. It only arises after basic psychological and physiological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved. Self-actualization refers to:

the motivation to fulfill one's potential.

A(n) _____ describes a characteristic pattern of behavior, or a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports.

trait

In a psychology class debate on the humanistic perspective, Riley needs to take the opposing view and rebut its positive aspects. Which criticism of the humanistic perspective would Riley cite?

The descriptions of self-actualizing people reflect Maslow's personal values.

Marsha and Ben have been married for thirty years. They have shared everything about themselves, both the good and the bad, with each other. This sharing has helped them grow even closer to one another. Which condition of a growth-promoting climate, as proposed by Carl Rogers, does this exemplify?

acceptance

In promoting personality growth, the person-centered perspective does NOT emphasize:

altruism.

Elijah scored high on conscientiousness when given a personality inventory. As compared to people with lower conscientiousness scores, the _____ lobe in Elijah's brain is MOST likely to be ____.

frontal; larger

Dr. Burns sees his own therapist in order for him to be at his emotional best for seeing patients. He is open with his feelings and self-disclosing in his own therapy. Carl Rogers refers to this attitude as:

genuineness.

Gordon Allport was concerned less with _____ individuals than with _____ them.

explaining; describing

Upon reviewing David's blog, people quickly notice that he likes to use adjectives to describe the different social events he attends. This may give people enough information to make a safe assessment about which personality factor for David?

extraversion

Brain activity scans suggest that people who are _____ seek less stimulation because their normal brain arousal is relatively high and the frontal lobe is more active.

introverted

Ashley feels that she has reached her full potential as a physician. According to Maslow, Ashley:

is self-actualized.

Michael feels that he has reached his full potential as a college student. He has a 4.0 grade point average, is involved in many campus activities, and has just been accepted into graduate school. According to Maslow, Michael:

is self-actualized.

Most of Dakota's friends look at him with respect. He is aware, accepting, and open. He is spontaneous and caring and does not worry about other people's opinions. According to Maslow, it is likely that Dakota is motivated by:

the need for self-actualization.

Hiro's friends know him as someone who values people, regardless of their failings. When people spend time with Hiro, they know he will have an attitude of total acceptance toward them. Carl Rogers refers to this attitude as _____ positive regard.

unconditional

Kate comes home with three A's and two B's, to which her mother replies, "Is that the best you could do?" and walks away. Carl Rogers refers to this attitude as the opposite of:

unconditional positive regard.