(LearningCurve 9a) Puberty- psy 200
Stress affects puberty by increasing the:
hormones that start puberty.
One of the most important functions of the _____ is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland.
hypothalamus
Puberty begins with hormonal signals from the _____ and the _____ in the brain.
hypothalamus; pituitary gland
Early-maturing boys:
are more likely to be aggressive and abuse alcohol.
Rates of obesity are _____ in childhood and _____ in adolescence and adulthood.
falling; climbing
Anorexia nervosa was undiagnosed until about:
1950.
The current average age of menarche among well-nourished girls is:
12 years, 4 months.
In what way does weight affect puberty?
Excess weight results in earlier puberty.
During adolescence, the heart will grow by a factor of:
2
_____ is a period of rapid physical growth and sexual maturation that ends childhood.
Puberty
In what way does stress affect puberty?
Stress increases the hormones that start puberty.
Which is among the body changes in adolescence that increase physical endurance?
The heart doubles in size.
Why are adolescents LESS susceptible to respiratory ailments?
Their lymphoid systems (tonsils and adenoids) decrease in size.
Which characteristic is NOT associated with anorexia nervosa?
average or about average weight
Which of the following is NOT a primary sex characteristic?
breasts
Shane, a fifth grader, drinks his parents' liquor when they are not home and yells at family members when he does not get his way. Shane's behavior is MOST likely due to his:
early maturation.
As the bones lengthen and harden (visible on X-rays) and the growth spurt begins, children:
eat more and gain weight.
Which physical development during puberty is CORRECTLY identified as a primary or secondary sex characteristic?
enlarged Adam's apple - secondary sex characteristic
The FIRST visible sign of puberty in boys is:
growth of the testes.
Josias is going through a growth spurt. The FIRST observable evidence will likely be that:
his fingers and toes lengthen.
Jojo recently had her first menstrual period, called:
menarche
According to the text, _____ are notoriously sleep deprived.
teenagers
For boys, late puberty correlates with:
anxiety and depression.
The hormonal signal to begin puberty is regulated by the:
hypothalamus
The period of rapid physical growth and sexual maturation that ends childhood is called:
puberty
Menstruation depletes a woman's body of:
iron.
Living in a stressful environment has been found to:
result in earlier puberty.
Based on increased hormone levels and psychopathology, males have twice the rate of _____ compared with females.
schizophrenia
Hormone levels may explain sex differences in psychopathology. Males have twice the rate of _____, and females have twice the rate of _____.
schizophrenia; depression
Puberty usually lasts _____ years.
three to five
Samantha's body is showing signs of puberty. One of these signs might be the:
widening of the hips.
Puberty is a period of rapid physical growth and sexual maturation that ends _____ for boys and girls.
childhood
Sexual development before age 8 is referred to as:
precocious puberty.
The relatively sudden and rapid physical growth that occurs during puberty is referred to as:
a growth spurt.
Kaytlin, who is a teen, is wide awake at midnight but half-asleep all morning. Her hormones are causing:
a phase delay in sleep-wake patterns.
Marco is not like most teens. He goes to bed around 9:00 P.M. every night and wakes up at 7:00 A.M. Many of his friends stay up late most nights and are half-asleep all morning. His friends' hormones are MOST likely causing:
a phase delay in sleep-wake patterns.
Bernie is an adult. Unlike teens, Bernie's brain is naturally:
alert in the morning and sleepy at night.
What disorder is characterized by severe calorie restriction?
anorexia nervosa
Bill lives in the United States and is the same height as his father and grandfather. The same is true for many other generations of families. The secular trend of each generation growing taller:
appears to have stopped in developed nations.
The MOST recently recognized eating disorder is:
binge eating disorder.
The average 17-year-old girl has twice the percentage of _____ as a 17-year-old boy.
body fat
Jade works an eight-hour shift during the day and then sleeps approximately eight hours every night. She then repeats the process when she wakes up. What is this day-night cycle of biological activity called that occurs approximately every 24 hours?
circadian rhythm
What is the name of the brain rhythm that responds to the environment and occurs approximately every 24 hours?
circadian rhythm
At adolescence, a girl's gonads increase the production of:
estradiol
"I'm fat," says 17-year-old Keli to her boyfriend, who is also 17 years old. There is some truth to Keli's statement because the average 17-year-old girl has _____ times the percentage of body fat as a 17-year-old boy.
2
At adolescence, the gonads increase the production of sex hormones: _____ in girls and _____ in boys.
estradiol; testosterone
An organic chemical substance that is produced by one body tissue and conveyed via the bloodstream to another to affect some physiological function is called a:
hormone.
In the brain, the pituitary gland and a structure called the _____ regulate hormones that affect stress, appetite, and sleep.
hypothalamus
Jay closed his eyes when he accidentally looked into the sun and covered his ears when he heard a loud noise. What helped Jay's brain respond to the environment?
natural rhythms
The brain of every living creature responds to the environment with:
natural rhythms.
About _____ of adult bone mass is acquired between the ages of 10 and 20.
one-half
Which is a secondary sex characteristic?
Females' hips grow wider.
Which statement is NOT true about anorexia nervosa?
It is experienced only by young women.
Variable timing may add to intergroup tensions in multiethnic schools because:
peer approval is more important in adolescence than is approval from adults.
According to the text, teenagers are likely to experience sleep deprivation as a consequence of their:
phase-delayed sleep-wake patterns.
Males grow about five inches taller than females during puberty. What type of sex characteristic is this?
secondary
Physical traits that are not directly involved in reproduction but that indicate sexual maturity are referred to as: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.
secondary sex characteristics.
The secular trend in growth:
seems to have stopped in developed nations.
Which is NOT a symptom of bulimia nervosa?
self-starvation
Curtis is 17 years old. His brain is naturally:
sleepy in the morning and alert at night.
Early-maturing girls:
tend to have lower self-esteem than late-maturing girls.
As Charles was drying himself off after taking a shower, he noticed that his _____ had grown, which is the first visible sign of puberty in boys.
testes
Mark doubled over in pain, grabbed his crotch, and exclaimed, "That baseball hit me in the gonads." What is another name for gonads?
testicles
_____ tend to experience puberty several months earlier and _____ several months later than _____.
African Americans; Asian Americans; European Americans
_____ is an eating disorder characterized by severe calorie restriction and a significantly low body weight.
Anorexia nervosa
Julie is involved in many activities, including cheerleading, gymnastics, and a part-time job. Because of her stress, she started puberty early. Which is the BEST reason for this change?
Stress increases the hormones that start puberty.
Sophia is a 17-year-old girl. Which statement is TRUE about body fat for Sophia?
The average 17-year-old girl has twice the percentage of body fat as a 17-year-old boy.
Jasmine, a first-grader, is beginning to show visible signs of breast development. This is called:
precocious puberty.
Maturation of the testes is a _____ sex characteristic.
primary
The body characteristics that are directly involved in conception and pregnancy are called _____ sex characteristics.
primary
The parts of the body that are directly involved in reproduction are called:
primary sex characteristics.
The pubertal growth spurt:
proceeds from the extremities to the core.
Adolescence begins with _____, a period of rapid physical growth usually lasting three to five years.
puberty
Chad noticed that his testes were growing. This is the first visible sign of _____ in boys.
puberty
Melinda had four years of rapid physical growth and sexual maturation during her high school years, ending her childhood. This is called:
puberty
Sarah comments to her mother that her nipples have been growing. This is the first visible sign of _____ in girls.
puberty
Matthew is a fully formed adolescent boy. The _____ was/were the last part(s) of Matthew's body to develop.
torso
During adolescence, the lungs will _____ in weight and the heart will _____ in size.
triple; double