LearningCurve Module 15

At 19, Celia is beginning to plan for her future. She no longer lives for the moment. She wants to become a doctor, so she knows she has to buckle down in school. What is probably happening to Celia?

Her frontal lobes are growing.

_____ gave Stanford nursery schoolchildren a choice between a marshmallow now or two later. He found that the children who were able to wait had higher completion rates and incomes and were less likely to experience addiction as an adult. He also found that this tendency to wait or not persisted even 40 years later.

Mischel

For most adolescents, the MOST important people in their lives are their:

Peers

How might adolescents' tendency to engage in such risky behaviors as street racing and experimental drug use reflect brain development phenomena?

The frontal lobe matures slowly, impeding adolescents' ability to weigh potential consequences.

Marcia is 48. She has the intense desire to create a mentoring program at her company. According to Erik Erikson, she is likely experiencing:

generativity.

Erik Erikson proposed that at the ______ versus _____ stage of life, people struggle to form close relationships and to gain the capacity for adult romantic love.

intimacy; isolation

With respect to adolescence, biology determines:

its beginning, but not its end.

The point at which menstruation begins is called:

menarche.

Research participants are presented with this scenario: "There is a runaway trolley headed for five people. All will certainly be killed unless you throw a switch that diverts the trolley onto another track, where one person will die. Will you throw the switch?" What is this scenario measuring?

moral intuition

Which choice BEST expresses the proportion of parents who say they have had a serious talk with their teens about illegal drugs?

most

Jack registered as a conscientious objector during the Vietnam War. He believed that it is fundamentally wrong to take human life. He was willing to serve time in jail, rather than take part in an armed conflict. Jack's reasons for not going to war reflect Kohlberg's _____ level of moral reasoning.

postconventional

Jarrud thinks he should obey his teachers only if they are carefully watching him. Lawrence Kohlberg would suggest that Jarrud demonstrates a(n) _____ morality.

preconventional

At Kohlberg's preconventional level of moral reasoning, moral decisions are based on:

self-interest.

Anthony has signed up for a horticulture class. When he walks in the classroom on the first day he realizes that everyone else in the class, including the teacher, are women. He is aware of his:

social identity.

Scott is 61. He has just celebrated his twenty-fifth anniversary at his company. He felt that his gold watch was just a meaningless trinket and was glad that he balanced his work with family life. According to Erik Erikson, Scott is in the stage of development called generativity versus _____.

stagnation