Lecture Chapter 13 Brain and Spinal Cord

Cranial nerve that stimulates the medial rectus is the ________ nerve.

CNIII (oculomotor)

The nerves projecting inferiorly from the spinal cord are collectively called the ________?

Cauda equina

In cross section, the outermost portion of the cerebellum is composed of

The cerebellum cortex.

True or False Generally, the left cerebral hemisphere issues motor commands for the right side of the body.

True

True or False The inferior colliculi are auditory reflex centers of the midbrain.

True

True or False The medulla oblonga también contains a cardiac center and a medullary respiratory center.

True

Which cranial nerve is composed of only motor fibers?

VI Abducens

The posterior horns of the spinal cord contain:

axons of motor neurons and cell bodies of interneurons.

The lateral horns of the spinal cord contain:

cell bodies of autonomic motor neurons.

This portion of the brain ensures that skeletal muscle contraction follows the correct pattern leading to smooth, coordinated movements.

cerebellum

What part of the brain contains the arbor vitae?

cerebellum

Which portion of the brain adjusts skeletal muscle activity to miantain equilibrim and posture?

cerebellum

Clusters of gray matter that contain neuron cell bodies and lie within masses of white matter are the ________.

cerebral nuclei

Clusters of gray matter that contain neuron cell bodies and lie within the masses of while matter are the ________.

cerebral nuclei

Lobes of the brain are named for the bones superficial to them and are part of the ________.

cerebrum

The major pathway of communication between the right and left hemisphere is the ________.

corpus callosum

Correct order of events that occur during a reflex

1. Stimulus activates a sensory receptor 2. Impulse travels through the sensory neuron to the CNS 3. Information is processed by an inter neuron 4. Motor neuron transmits an impulse to an effector 5. Effector responds

There are __ pairs of spinal nerves.

31

A spinal nerve contains A) motor axons only. B) sensory axons only. C) both motor axons and sensory axons.

Both motor axons and sensory axons

True or False The white matter of the spinal cord is surrounded by its grey matter.

False

The part of the límbico system involved in storing memories and forming long-term memory is the ________.

Hippocampus

The most anterior cranial nerve is the?

Olfactory

What is the secretion of melatonin stimulated by?

Pineal gland

The cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in the __________.

Posterior root ganglia

A football player can hear his coach's voice above the noise of the crowd and can sense an opponent about to run him down. These abilities are due to the action of what part of the bran?

Thalamus

What is the correct order for the cranial meninges, from superficial to deep? A)Dura mater B)Pia mater C)Arachnoid mater

a, c, b

Motor pathways are _________ tracts that control _________.

descending, effectors

Which secondary brain vesicle forms the portion of the adult brain that includes the epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus?

diencephalon

This portion of the brain forms part of the roof of the diencephalon and covers the third ventricle. Its posterior portion houses the pineal gland and the habenular nuclei.

epithalamus

The thin strand of pia mater that help to anchor the spinal cord to the coccyx is the ________?

filum terminale

The cerebral cortex consists of ________ matter.

gray

Ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are called ________.

gyri

The brain region that exerts significant control over the endocrine system is

hypothalamus.

Which of the five cerebral lobes is the one not visible on the surface of the brain?

insula

Which fissure separates the cerebral hemispheres?

longitudinal fissure

The brain stem consists of the ________.

midbrain, medulla, and pons

The white matter of the spinal cord contains ________.

myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers

The portion of the brain involved primarily with vision is the __________.

occipital lobe

The cranial nerve that passes through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone is the ________ nerve.

olfactory

The most delicate of the meninges consists of elastic and collagen fibers and is known as the ________.

pia mater

The limbic system allows:

processing and experiencing of emotion.

The dorsal root of a spinal nerve contains axons of ________ neurons.

sensory

The _________ nuclei within the gray matter of the spinal cord send nerve impulses to skeletal muscles.

somatic motor

The shallow depressions between folds on the surface of the brain are called ________.

sulci

The primary auditory cortex is located in the ________.

temporal lobe

REM sleep is associated with ________. A) decreased vital signs, such as heart rate and blood pressure B) decreased activity of the brain, especially the cerebral cortex C) temporary skeletal muscle inhibition except for the extrinsic eye muscles D) decreased oxygen use, especially in the cerebral cortex

temporary skeletal muscle inhibition except for the extrinsic eye muscles

Which structure plays a crucial role in filtering out the irrelevant noise at a crowded party so that you can listen to someone speaking to you?

thalamus

The cranial nerve that innervates smooth muscle and glands of the heart, lungs, larynx, trachea, and most abdominal organs is the ________ nerve.

vagus

The superior colliculi help you respond to

visual stimuli — for example, when you turn toward a bright flash of light.