Lesson 15 chapter 8

impression

each time an ad is served to a user for viewing

goes public

first time firm sells stock to the pubic formally called IPO

social graph

global mapping of users and organizations and how they are connected

what two forms of computer security firewall are available

hardware and software

applications

includes desktop application enterprise software utilities and other programs that perform specific tasks for users and organizations

what characteristics of children present additional computer security risks

innocence curiosity desire for independence and fear of punishment

what is a computer security firewall

irewalls provide protection against outside attackers by shielding your computer or network from malicious or unnecessary Internet traffic. Firewalls can be configured to block data from certain locations while allowing the relevant and necessary data through

what are seven things you can do to help safeguard children when they are online

- Be involved - Keep your computer in an open area - Set rules and warn about dangers - Monitor computer activity - Keep lines of communication open - Consider partitioning your computer into separate accounts - Consider implementing parental controls

5 real world warnings

- Don't trust candy from strangers - If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is - Don't advertise that you aren't away from home - Lock up you valuables - Have a backup plan

7 tactics when choosing a password

- Don't use passwords that are based on personal info that can be easily accessed or guessed - Don't use words that can be found in any dictionary of any language - Develop a mnemonic for remembering complex passwords - Use both lower and uppercase letters - Use combination of letters, numbers, and special characters - Use passphrases when you can - Use different passwords on different systems

11 ways to safeguard data

- Use and maintain anti-virus software and a firewall - Regularly scan your computer for spyware - Keep software up to date - Evaluate your software's settings - Avoid unused software programs - Consider creating separate user accounts - Establish guidelines for computer use - Use passwords and encrypt sensitive files - Follow corporate policies for handling and storing work-related info - Dispose of sensitive info immediately - Follow good security habits

what does anti-virus software do

Although details may vary between packages, anti-virus software scans files or your computer's memory for certain patterns that may indicate an infection. The patterns it looks for are based on the signatures, or definitions, of known viruses. Virus authors are continually releasing new and updated viruses, so it is important that you have the latest definitions installed on your computer

what happens if anti-virsus software finds a virus

Each package has its own method of response when it locates a virus, and the response may differ according to whether the software locates the virus during an automatic or a manual scan. Sometimes the software will produce a dialog box alerting you that it has found a virus and asking whether you want it to "clean" the file (to remove the virus). In other cases, the software may attempt to remove the virus without asking you first. When you select an anti-virus package, familiarize yourself with its features so you know what to expect.

myth: attackers only target people with money

Myth: Attackers only target people with money. Truth: Anyone can become a victim of identity theft. Attackers look for the biggest reward for the least amount of effort, so they typically target databases that store information about many people. If your information happens to be in the database, it could be collected and used for malicious purposes. It is important to pay attention to your credit information so that you can minimize any potential damage

myth: anti-virus software and firewalls are 100% effective

Truth: Anti-virus software and firewalls are important elements to protecting your information (see Understanding Anti-Virus Software and Understanding Firewalls for more information). However, neither of these elements are guaranteed to protect you from an attack. Combining these technologies with good security habits is the best way to reduce your risk.

myth: when computers slow down it means that they are old and should be replaced

Truth: It is possible that running newer or larger software programs on an older computer could lead to slow performance, but you may just need to replace or upgrade a particular component (memory, operating system, CD or DVD drive, etc.). Another possibility is that there are other processes or programs running in the background. If your computer has suddenly become slower, it may be compromised by malware or spyware, or you may be experiencing a denial-of-service attack

Myth: once software is installed on your computer you do not have to worry about it

Truth: Vendors may release updated versions of software to address problems or fix vulnerabilities (see Understanding Patches for more information). You should install the updates as soon as possible; some software even offers the option to obtain updates automatically. Making sure that you have the latest virus definitions for your anti-virus software is especially important.

Myth: there is nothing important on your machine so you do not need to protect it

Truth: Your opinion about what is important may differ from an attacker's opinion. If you have personal or financial data on your computer, attackers may be able to collect it and use it for their own financial gain. Even if you do not store that kind of information on your computer, an attacker who can gain control of your computer may be able to use it in attacks against other people

intended to discourage individuals from intentionally violating information security policies or procedures

deterrent controls

crowdsourcing

act of taking a job traditionally performed by a designated agent and outsourcing it to an undefined generally large group of people in the form of an undefined large group of people

localization

adapting products and services for different languages and regional differences

network effects

also known at Metcalfe law or network externalities. value of a product or service increases as its number of users expand

if you use separate anti-spyware programs which should you should install first

anti-virus

short

attempt to profit from a falling stock price

walled garden

closed network or a single set of services controlled by one dominate firm

cloud

collection of resources available for access over the internet

software

computer program or a collection of grams itis precise set of instructions that tells hardware what to do

the protection of data in a system against unauthorized disclosure modification or destruction and protection of the computer system itself against unauthorized use modification or denial or service

computer security

content adjacency

concern that an advertisement will run near offensive materials embarrassing an advertiser and degrading their products of brands

either remedy the circumstances that allowed the unauthorized activity or return conditions to what they were before the violation

corrective controls

switching costs

cost of customer incurs when moving from ope product to another

CPM

cost per thousand impressions

attempt to identify unwanted events after they have occurred

detective controls

what two types of scanning procedures are available with anti-virus software

manual and automatic

user interface

mechanism through which users interact with a computing device

two types of access people might have to your computer

physical and remote

computer hardware

physical components of information technology which can include the computer itself plus peripherals such as storage devices input devices like the mouse and keyboard

3 categories of controls

physical, technical, administrative

attempt to avoid the occurrence of unwanted events

preventive controls

application programming interfaces

programming hooks or guidelines published by firms that tell other programs how to get a service to perform a task such as send or receive data

engagement ads

promotion technique popular with social media that attempts to get consumers to interact with an ad then shares that action with friends

restore lost computing resources or capabilities and help the organization recover monetary losses caused by a security violation

recovery controls

the freedom from danger or the condition of safety

security

dark web

sites that cant be indexed by google and other search engines

firmware

software stored on nonvolatile memory chips as hard drives

operating systems

software that controls the computer hardware and establishes standards for developing and executing applications

open source software

software that is free and whose code can be accessed and potentially modified by anyone

content delivery networks

systems distributed throughout the internet that help to improve the delivery speeds of web pages and other media typically by spreading access across multiple sites located closer to users

free rider problem

when others take advantages of a user or service without providing any sort of reciprocal benefit