Lesson 2

What three things are needed for mass production?

Assembly Line Division of Labor Precision Tooling

How were unions organized in the early industrial revolution?

For those in the industrial sector, organized labor unions fought for better wages, reasonable hours and safer working conditions. The labor movement led efforts to stop child labor, give health benefits and provide aid to workers who were injured or retired.

How did transportation change the population distribution in the nation?

Made places to create new crops and jobs

What advantages did water transportation have over roads?

Produce moved on small boats along canals and rivers from the farms to the ports. Large steamships carried goods and people from port to port. Less fuel

What revolutionary transportation linked Lake Erie & the Hudson River?

Robert Fulton and Robert Livingston introduced the first steamboat, known as the Clermont, on the Hudson River.

How did Morse change communication?

Samuel Morse (1791-1872) and other inventors, the telegraph revolutionized long-distance communication. It worked by transmitting electrical signals over a wire laid between stations.

Who was the father of the American factory system?

Samuel Slater

What was the impact of the steam engine on the industrial revolution?

The Effects on Coal and Iron

What impact did it have on NYC and the Midwest? How did it revolutionize transportation?

The Erie Canal provided a direct water route from New York City to the Midwest, triggering large-scale commercial and agricultural development

What were the domestic and factory systems?

The factory system replaced the domestic system, in which individual workers used hand tools or simple machinery to fabricate goods in their own homes or in workshops attached to their homes.

Why was the National Road the last project funded by the national government?

The route closely paralleled the military road opened by George Washington and General Braddock in 1754-55

How did the free enterprise system aid the Industrial Revolution?

an economic engine powered by unfettered industry and profit-focused individuals. Basically, it's capitalism

What did Livingston and Fulton develop?

built the first commercially successful steamboat, North River Steamboat

what was one advantage of water transportation over transport by road

canal boats could carry much lager loads than road transportation

What were the advantages and disadvantages of canals and railroads?

canals was cheaper and faster than doing it by road. Railways provided faster, cheaper and more reliable means of transport; for both goods and people. Due to imbalance in distribution of canal water, a situation of scarcity somewhere and water logging in other areas is caused due to collection of water there. It makes the soil unproductive as harmful underground salts and alkalies come to the surface level due to water logging.

How did the industrial revolution affect the production process?

changed the way that goods are produced and gave birth to mass production, by the division of labour and the increasing prevalence of machines in factories

What improvements in industry were made by Eli Whitney?

cotton gin, a machine that revolutionized the production of cotton by greatly speeding up the process of removing seeds from cotton fiber.

What was the significance of the Pony Express?

could deliver a letter faster than ever before. In operation for only 18 months between April 1860 and October 1861, the Pony Express nevertheless has become synonymous with the Old West

In reference to the agricultural revolution, what roles did specialization, mechanization and commercialization play?

differences in between the fastest way to produce

What impact did it have on western rivers?

dramatically changed society as steamboats were the first means of traveling upstream. The steamboat led to the creation of new towns and stimulated the economy. Via steamboat, people could ship and receive goods easily and efficiently.

what improvement in manufacturing did eli whitney popularize

interchangeable parts

how did americas free enterprise system aid the industrial revolution

it did not restrict individuals creation on management of business

how did the industrial revolution affect the production process

production shifted from the use of handheld tools to complex machines

in 1807 robert fulton and robert livingston successfully test the

steam boat

what revolutionary transportation project linked the hudson river will lake erie

the erie canal

why did the federal government not fund any more internal improvements after the national road

the president believed the federal government did not have the authority to construct a transportation system

what did samuel f. b. morse invent revolutionized communication

the telegraph

What was the purpose of the National Road?

to facilitate westward migration

what was the purpose of the national road

to link the Eastern states with the Western territories

What was the most important product produced by industry before the Civil War?

water-powered cotton mill to the United States.

What were some examples of mechanization?

wheels and turbines, windmills and wind turbines and steam engines

in the early industrial era, how were unions organized

workers in the same skilled trade organized unions