Lesson Nine SOC

Which historical event was greatly responsible for global stratification as we see it today? a. World War I b. The Fall of the British Empire c. The French Revolution d. The Industrial Revolution

a

Which is an effect of absolute poverty that also contributes to its cyclical nature? a. Lack of education b. Home foreclosures c. Massive credit card debt d. Excellent healthcare

a

France might be classified as which kind of nation? a.Global b.Core c.Semi-peripheral d.Peripheral

b

Women's employment outside the agricultural sector remains under 20 percent in all of the following except: a. Southern America b. Northern Africa c. Western Asia d. Northern Asia

b

One flaw in modernization theory is the unwillingness to recognize . a.that semi-peripheral nations are incapable of industrializing b.that peripheral nations prevent semi-peripheral nations from entering the global market c.its inherent ethnocentric bias d.the importance of semi-peripheral nations industrializing

c

Which statement would you find in the analysis of poverty by Neckerman and Torche? a. People will take advantage of social welfare programs if you do not watch them carefully. b. People live in poverty because they are lazy and lack meaningful work. c. Once poverty has entered a geographic location, it is very difficult to get rid of. d. People living in poverty enjoy living in poverty.

c

Which trend has the World Bank seen in its study of poverty in low-income nations? a. Equal numbers of men and women live in poverty. b. More men live in poverty than women. c. More women live in poverty than men. d. Children can avoid living in poverty if they live with their fathers.

c

One flaw in dependency theory is the unwillingness to recognize . a.that previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be classified as dependent on core nations b.that previously high-income nations such as China have been economically overpowered by low-income nations entering the global marketplace c.that countries such as China are growing more dependent on core nations d.that countries such as China do not necessarily want to be more like core nations

a

What is the most significant threat to the relatively high standard of living people are accustomed to in the United States? a. The decline of the middle class b. The feminization of poverty c. The growth of the upper class d. The stagnation of wages for workers

a

Which number does the World Bank use to determine the status and classification of each nation? a. Gross National Income per Capita b. Gross Domestic Product c. Purchasing Power Parity d. Organization for Economic and Cooperative Development data

a

If a sociologist says that nations evolve toward more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success, she is using theory to study the global economy. a.modernization theory b.dependency theory c.modern dependency theory d.evolutionary dependency theory

a

Mike, a college student, rents a studio apartment. He cannot afford a television and lives on cheap groceries like dried beans and ramen noodles. Since he does not have a regular job, he does not own a car. Mike is living in: a.global poverty b.absolute poverty c.subjective poverty d.relative poverty

d

Whose work do conflict theorists rely on to help form their arguments surrounding social stratification? a. Auguste Comte b. Émile Durkheim c. René Decartes d. Karl Marx

d

A perspective theorist might find it particularly noteworthy that wealthy corporations improve the quality of life in peripheral nations by providing workers with jobs, pumping money into the local economy, and improving transportation infrastructure. a.Functional b.conflict c.feminist d.symbolic interactionist

a

Slavery in the pre-Civil War U.S. South most closely resembled a.chattel slavery b.debt bondage c.relative poverty d.peonage

a

Which continent has the largest number of people living in poverty in the world? a. Asia b. Africa c. South America d. North America

b

A sociologist working from a symbolic interaction perspective would: a.study how inequality is created and reproduced b.study how corporations can improve the lives of their low-income workers c.try to understand how companies provide an advantage to high-income nations compared to low-income nations d.want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to-day basis

d

In the past, the United States manufactured clothes. Many clothing corporations have shut down their U.S. factories and relocated to China. This is an example of: a.conflict theory b.OECD c.global inequality d.capital flight

d

Which factor is considered when evaluating someone's standard of living? a. Income b. Employment c. Class d. All of the above

d

If a sociologist points out that core nations dominate the global economy, in part by creating global interest rates and international tariffs that will inevitably favor high-income nations over low-income nations, he is a: a.functionalist b.dependency theorist c.modernization theorist d.symbolic interactionist

c

In a U.S. town, a mining company owns all the stores and most of the houses. It sells goods to the workers at inflated prices, offers house rentals for twice what a mortgage would be, and makes sure to always pay the workers less than needed to cover food and rent. Once the workers are in debt, they have no choice but to continue working for the company, since their skills will not transfer to a new position. This situation most closely resembles: a.child slavery b.chattel slavery c.debt slavery d.servile marriage

c

Dependency theorists explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that: a.core nations and peripheral nations exploit semi-peripheral nations b.semi-peripheral nations exploit core nations c.peripheral nations exploit core nations d.core nations exploit peripheral nations

a

Which statement explains why Immanuel Wallerstein's classification is preferred by sociologist? a. Wallerstein's classification uses neutral terms that allow his classification of nations to be less biased and appear less ethnocentric. b. Wallerstein's classification uses the United States as a point of comparison so that people can understand what he is saying. c. The former Cold War era classifications are outdated and no longer accurately show the economic state of individual nations. d. Wallerstein's classification is based more on sociological data than economic data, and because of that, applies to the field of sociology better than the Cold War era classification.

a

With the recent Occupy Wall Street Movement, the people of the United States keep hearing about the top 1%. How much of the United State's wealth rests in the hands of the wealthiest top 1% of people? a. 1/3 b. 1/4 c. 1/8 d. 1/16

a

A sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories is using a perspective to understand the global economy. a.functional b.conflict theory c.feminist d.symbolic interactionist

b

Faith has a full-time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that, with her education and experience, her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing: a.global poverty b.subjective poverty c.absolute poverty d.relative poverty

b

Maya is a twelve-year-old girl living in Thailand. She is homeless, and often does not know where she will sleep or when she will eat. We might say that Maya lives in poverty. a.subjective b.absolute c.relative d.global

b

What seems to be the key (although not the rule) to upward social mobility? a. How well off your parents are. b. How much education you have. c. How many jobs you work. d. How much you spend on your personal appearance.

b

Which continent has the greatest number of impoverished nations in the world? a. Asia b. Africa c. South America d. North America

b

Which social class is quickly disappearing from modern economies? a. Upper Class b. Middle Class c. Lower Class d. The amount of people in each class has been about the same for the past 10 years.

b