Lib 1600 Quiz 4

Claim: Sea level rise is already so extreme that last winter the Statue of Liberty was frozen in ice up to its eyeballs! Use your (t)race it back strategies on page 4.5 to find out what's really happening here.

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If you used search engines and Wikipedia to check the reputation of authors on the topic of hazards of lead exposure for children and found the descriptions below, which of these authors would be the best pick as authoritative on this subject?

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When you're investigating a source for your research, you might observe features that indicate the source is likely to be trustworthy or untrustworthy. Other features can be inconclusive—not helpful in deciding to use the source or not. For each of the following, answer whether it's a sign of a trustworthy source, an untrustworthy source, or inconclusive. Most websites that comment on it disagree with what it says about its purpose.

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The first move of SIFT includes a reminder to check your emotional reactions as you do research. Indicate TWO reasons why this is helpful: -Sources that make you question your assumptions about a topic can be helpful -Verifying whether a source is true is important regardless of how you feel about its claims -You make a stronger case when you pick sources with unexciting research results -A source that you feel negatively about won't be relevant for your research.

-Sources that make you question your assumptions about a topic can be helpful -Verifying whether a source is true is important regardless of how you feel about its claims

The repeatable and systematic outcomes or errors produced by a computer system or program that disadvantage certain groups or categories. Algorithmic bias can arise from faulty data sets, program design, human biases, or a combination of any of these. -Conflict of interest -Algorthic bias -Backfire effect -Confirmtion Bias

Algorithmic bias

For each of these research situations, indicate whether "any year" or "last 2 years" would be a better type of date limit to use: You want to find scholarly research about an event that happened seventy years ago

Any Year

For each of these research situations, indicate whether "any year" or "last 2 years" would be a better type of date limit to use: Your assignment is to make a timeline of major developments in your field of study

Any Year

The tendency for people to strengthen their preexisting beliefs and worldviews when faced with evidence, facts, and ideas that challenge a core belief. -Conflict of interest -Algorthic bias -Backfire effect -Confirmtion Bias

Backfire effect

You're reading a source for your project and find a claim about the topic that is new to you. Which of the following are good examples of how to do lateral reading to check this claim? Don't waste time checking the author or publication, just use the claim

Bad example

You're reading a source for your project and find a claim about the topic that is new to you. Which of the following are good examples of how to do lateral reading to check this claim? See if the same author makes the claim in other sources

Bad example

What is lateral reading? -Reading a source carefully for clues to its credibility, like "About Us" pages. -Trusting your own gut feelings about a source. -The most common way people judge websites and claims -The slowest way to check facts. -Checking elsewhere for information about a source or its claims.

Checking elsewhere for information about a source or its claims.

"The tendency to accept, or agree with, or search for information from sources that confirm what you already believe or think" (Lunsford & Ruszkiewicz, 2022) as opposed to looking "for disconfirming evidence to refute it" (Howard, 2018, p. 59) -Conflict of interest -Algorthic bias -Backfire effect -Confirmtion Bias

Confirmation bias

"...when an entity or individual becomes unreliable because of a clash between personal (or self-serving) interests and professional duties or responsibilities" (Segal, 2020). -Conflict of interest -Algorthic bias -Backfire effect -Confirmtion Bias

Conflict of interest

For each of these research situations, indicate whether "any year" or "last 2 years" would be a better type of date limit to use: You want to find articles about current options in consumer electronics

Last 2 Years

For each of these research situations, indicate whether "any year" or "last 2 years" would be a better type of date limit to use: Your instructor has assigned you to find recent research relating to the course topic

Last 2 Years

It is easy to get lost exploring different resources while doing your research. According to SIFT, what do you need to do to help you to stay on task? Explore the most interesting sources even if they are only tangentially related to your topic. Yes or No

No

It is easy to get lost exploring different resources while doing your research. According to SIFT, what do you need to do to help you to stay on task? Limit your search to only websites with .edu or .org domains. Yes or No

No

Which of the approaches below should you use to evaluate a scholarly resource? Check the place of publication to see what country the journal is published in.

No

Which of the approaches below should you use to evaluate a scholarly resource? Make sure that the paper has colorful graphics and tables.

No

You and a friend disagree about something and both look it up with the same keywords and the same search engine, but you get different top results. Which of the following is a possible reason for this? Search engine algorithms are designed to make search results partly random so more websites get traffic, not just a few.

No

You and a friend disagree about something and both look it up with the same keywords and the same search engine, but you get different top results. Which of the following is a possible reason for this? The search engine's data shows you are smarter than your friend and can understand more complex writers and websites.

No

You read an interesting news report about research on a new medical treatment. Which information from the news story could you search to help find the original source of the information? A "more like this" link on the news source website

No

You read an interesting news report about research on a new medical treatment. Which information from the news story could you search to help find the original source of the information? The name of the news report author together with the headline of the news report

No

Your friend re-posts an image that shows a famous person doing something shocking. How can you tell if the image is legitimate or fake? Read the comments from the post that your friend shared.

No

Your friend re-posts an image that shows a famous person doing something shocking. How can you tell if the image is legitimate or fake? Zoom in really close and look for signs of editing.

No

What are the four moves of SIFT? -Stop - Investigate the source - Find better coverage - Trace information back -Subject -- Illustrator/Author -- Format -- Title -Summarize information - Inform others - Fix any errors - Transform knowledge -Search - Information - Filters - Treatment -Simple search - Improve keywords - Field searching - Tweak my results

Stop - Investigate the source - Find better coverage - Trace information back

In addition to avoiding misinformation, what is another reason you should evaluate the information you use? -To make sure that you only share information from older, more experienced authors. -To make sure that the sources you want to use add something useful to your project. -To check that the resources you want to use are paywalled and thus scholarly. -To avoid using resources that are aimed at a general audience instead of a scholarly one. -To help you sort your search results in Google Scholar more effectively.

To make sure that the sources you want to use add something useful to your project.

Go to this website and evaluate it using SIFT. Remember that you can check what other websites, such as Wikipedia, say about it: https://www.audubon.org/Links to an external site. What is the main purpose of the website? -To photograph all bird species and encourage bird watching. -To promote conservation of birds and their habitats. -To raise money for Audubon clubs throughout the world. -To advocate for green products. -To sell Audubon magazine.

To promote conservation of birds and their habitats.

Indicate True or False to the below statements regarding why it is important to research the reputation of a source. Anyone can present themselves as an expert on a topic, whether or not that is actually the case.

True

Indicate True or False to the below statements regarding why it is important to research the reputation of a source. Many organizations will only portray themselves and their work positively.

True

When you're investigating a source for your research, you might observe features that indicate the source is likely to be trustworthy or untrustworthy. Other features can be inconclusive—not helpful in deciding to use the source or not. For each of the following, answer whether it's a sign of a trustworthy source, an untrustworthy source, or inconclusive. The publishing company that produced it has a good reputation.

Trustworthy

When you're investigating a source for your research, you might observe features that indicate the source is likely to be trustworthy or untrustworthy. Other features can be inconclusive—not helpful in deciding to use the source or not. For each of the following, answer whether it's a sign of a trustworthy source, an untrustworthy source, or inconclusive. The tone of the source is sensationalized and insulting.

Untrustworthy

You read an interesting news report about research on a new medical treatment. Which information from the news story could you search to help find the original source of the information? The name of a researcher quoted in the news report

YEs

It is easy to get lost exploring different resources while doing your research. According to SIFT, what do you need to do to help you to stay on task? Consider the types of information you need for your research project. Yes or No

Yes

It is easy to get lost exploring different resources while doing your research. According to SIFT, what do you need to do to help you to stay on task? Think about your needs and whether those resources meet them. Yes or No

Yes

Which of the approaches below should you use to evaluate a scholarly resource? Check that the article's claims are supported with sources.

Yes

Which of the approaches below should you use to evaluate a scholarly resource? Check to see if the journal is peer reviewed and has a good scholarly reputation.

Yes

You and a friend disagree about something and both look it up with the same keywords and the same search engine, but you get different top results. Which of the following is a possible reason for this? Because of algorithmic personalization, you and your friend belong to opposing echo chambers on the topic of interest.

Yes

You and a friend disagree about something and both look it up with the same keywords and the same search engine, but you get different top results. Which of the following is a possible reason for this? The search engine is giving higher rank based on assumptions and stereotypes about each of you, not to the most fair or factual information.

Yes

You read an interesting news report about research on a new medical treatment. Which information from the news story could you search to help find the original source of the information? The name of the organization where the research was done

Yes

Your friend re-posts an image that shows a famous person doing something shocking. How can you tell if the image is legitimate or fake? Do a reverse image search on Google or TinEye.

Yes

Your friend re-posts an image that shows a famous person doing something shocking. How can you tell if the image is legitimate or fake? Search for the image description to see if other sites have verified or debunked it.

Yes

Does a website with a top level domain of .edu need to be evaluated?

Yes, because domain tells you where a site comes from but doesn't guarantee quality.

You're reading a source for your project and find a claim about the topic that is new to you. Which of the following are good examples of how to do lateral reading to check this claim? See if any fact-checking sites have already checked it

Good example

When you're investigating a source for your research, you might observe features that indicate the source is likely to be trustworthy or untrustworthy. Other features can be inconclusive—not helpful in deciding to use the source or not. For each of the following, answer whether it's a sign of a trustworthy source, an untrustworthy source, or inconclusive. A Google search shows the author is employed by a large corporation.

Inconclusive

A friend posts on social media that 100,000 people in the United State die from reasons related to alcohol every year. Which of the following is the best thing to do next if you want to respond to this post? -Do a Google search to find where the claim comes from. -Immediately post that the claim is doubtful. -Check the claim by searching a different social media platform. -Check how many likes and comments the post has received. -Immediately share the post with your other friends & followers.

Do a Google search to find where the claim comes from.

You found an article with a title that fits your topic perfectly, but when you click to get the full text, you find a message at the top of the page saying, "Retraction: this article has been retracted due to missing data and lack of ethical approval for the experiments." The full text of the article is still there and can be read. What should you do? -Save the citation to the article and use it only if you can't find enough other sources. -Don't use any articles from the journal that published this article, since it's not reliable. -Don't use this article; find better sources about your topic. -You can still use the article, since it's a great match for your topic. -Read the journal's full reason for the retraction to see if parts of the article are still useful.

Don't use this article; find better sources about your topic.

Indicate True or False to the below statements regarding why it is important to research the reputation of a source. Ensuring the information is hosted on a trustworthy domain, such as .org, will strengthen your research.

False

Indicate True or False to the below statements regarding why it is important to research the reputation of a source. You need to make sure your source completely agrees with your argument.

False

You're reading a source for your project and find a claim about the topic that is new to you. Which of the following are good examples of how to do lateral reading to check this claim? Follow any links back to the original source of the claim

Good example