Lifespan Development Exam 1

Schemes refer to:

actions or mental representations that organize knowledge.

Jean Piaget believed that children:

actively construct their own cognitive world.

In the nature-nurture issue, nature refers to an organism's _____, nurture to its:

biological inheritance; environmental experiences

The interactionist view of language development emphasizes that:

both biology and experience contribute to language development.

Six-month-old Carson grabs for a toy using his whole hand. He is demonstrating a:

palmer grasp

The longitudinal method of research consists of studying:

the same individuals over a long period of time.

Scientists had thought that humans had as many as 100,000 or more genes, but recent research indicates a figure of approximately:

20,500.

The newborn's vision is estimated to be _____ on the well-known Snellen chart used for eye examinations.

20/240

Typical prenatal development lasts between:

38 to 40 weeks.

Identify the correct sequence of vocalization in infants.

Crying, cooing, babbling

Which of the following is an example of chromosomal abnormality that occurs when whole chromosomes do not separate properly during meiosis?

Down syndrome

During which period of development is the unborn baby MOST at risk of developing a structural defect due to the effects of a teratogen?

During the embryonic period

Which is the process by which information gets into memory?

Encoding

Josh is three months old. In which of Jean Piaget's substages of sensorimotor development is Josh?

First habits and primary circular reactions

_____ refers to the attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall.

Implantation

_____ is the way an individual's genotype is expressed in observable and measurable characteristics.

Phenotype

_____ age is an individual's adaptive capacities compared with those of other individuals of the same chronological age

Psychological

Which of the following statements about infants and REM sleep is true?

REM sleep might promote the brain's development in infancy

_____ is an area in the left temporal lobe of the brain that is involved in the comprehension of speech.

Wernicke's area

Mandy sees a little girl in the grocery store throwing a tantrum for a toy. Mandy screams and cries for some candy the following week at the mall. Mandy is displaying:

deferred imitation

Erik Erikson's developmental theory consists of _____ stages that last from the first year of life to:

eight; late adulthood

Cell differentiation intensifies and organs appear in the _____ period of prenatal development.

embryonic

While watching a football game, Martin jumped up to cheer and dropped baby Theresa to the floor. If she later has trouble with higher order thinking, planning, problem solving, or voluntary movement it could indicate that her _____ lobe was damaged.

frontal

Marasmus and kwashiorkor are two life-threatening conditions that can result from:

malnutrition.

During the process of _____, the cell's nucleus—including the chromosomes—duplicates itself and the cell divides resulting in the formation of two cells.

meiosis

The _____ is a layer of the embryo, which will become the circulatory system, bones, muscles, excretory system, and reproductive system.

mesoderm

According to Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory, a person's family, peers, school, and neighborhood constitute his/her:

microsystem

Kyoko is 13 months old and can understand about 50 words but can say only about 10 words. This demonstrates how Kyoko's _____ vocabulary is more developed than her _____ vocabulary.

receptive; spoken

Phonology is to _____ as morphology is to _____.

sound; meaning

Gwendolyn is having a prenatal test where her doctor uses high-frequency sound waves directed into her abdomen to check her fetus. She is most likely having a(n) _____.

ultrasound sonography